Abstract:
:Stimulation of rat granulosa cell aromatase activity by FSH has recently been used as a sensitive biological end point to develop an in vitro FSH bioassay. The present report provides a detailed validation and application of this assay. In the presence of androstenedione and diethylstilbestrol, FSH stimulated estrogen production in a dose-dependent manner. Although addition of high doses of a phosphodiesterase inhibitor [1-methyl-3-isobutyl xanthine (MIX)] decreased maximal estrogen production, treatment with 0.125 mM MIX increased the sensitivity of granulosa cells to FSH, presumably by minimizing endogenous cAMP breakdown. Addition of insulin and human CG (hCG) further synergistically enhanced granulosa cell sensitivity to FSH. Although inclusion of gonadotropin-free serum obtained from hypophysectomized male rats decreased the assay sensitivity, pretreatment of serum with polyethylene glycol [(PEG) 10-14%] resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the serum-interfering effect. Studies using exogenous [125I]iodo-rat FSH or RIA measurement indicated recovery of 94-98% FSH after pretreatment of serum with 12% PEG. In the presence of the PEG-pretreated gonadotropin-free serum (4%), ovine, rat, and human FSH preparations induced parallel dose-response curves for estrogen production with minimal detectable doses of 0.12 ng, 0.12 ng, and 0.12 mIU/culture, respectively. In contrast, treatment with GH, PRL, TSH, and ACTH did not affect estrogen production. The apparent stimulatory effect of high doses (greater than 60 ng/culture) of LH and hCG could be attributed to FSH contamination or intrinsic FSH activity in these preparations. Changes in serum bioactive FSH levels were studied in adult male rats after GnRH administration. GnRH (5 micrograms/rat) treatment significantly elevated FSH levels within 30 min after injection. Maximal increases (approximately 2.8-fold) in serum bioactive FSH were observed between 60-120 min. At 8 h after treatment, FSH levels decreased to control levels. Comparison between granulosa cell aromatase bioassay and RIA results indicated no apparent changes in the bio- to immuno- ratio of FSH after GnRH treatment. In conclusion, extreme sensitivity of the bioassay allows the measurement of circulating levels of bioactive FSH. Since rat granulosa cells respond to FSH preparations from different species, the in vitro assay should also provide valuable information on FSH levels in many animal species including those lacking a specific RIA. Measurement of serum levels of bioactive FSH should provide insight regarding the role of FSH in various physiological and pathological conditions.
journal_name
Endocrinologyjournal_title
Endocrinologyauthors
Jia XC,Hsueh AJdoi
10.1210/endo-119-4-1570subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-10-01 00:00:00pages
1570-7issue
4eissn
0013-7227issn
1945-7170journal_volume
119pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
ENDOCRINOLOGY文献大全abstract::This study examined the effect of two thirds hepatectomy on rat liver insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) receptors and IGF-II receptor messenger RNA (mRNA) levels. IGF-II receptor levels were determined in liver plasma membrane and Golgi/endosome fractions from sham-operated and hepatectomized rats by ligand bindi...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-127-5-2210
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We characterized four antipeptide polyclonal antibodies (abs) able to specifically recognize each thyroid hormone receptor (TR) isoform. The abs immunoprecipitated both the in vitro synthesized receptor and the receptor expressed in E. coli and their specificity was confirmed by competition studies and immunohistochem...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.131.5.1425440
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A mitochondrial fraction prepared from homogenates of rat hypothalamic tissue was found by means of electron microscopy to be enriched with synaptosomes. The release of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) and thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) from this preparation was investigated. After incubation, the syn...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-100-3-814
更新日期:1977-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osteoclast precursors reach sites of osteoclast formation and remodelling via the vasculature and are therefore destined to encounter endothelium before migrating to the bone surface. Here we investigated the hypothesis that endothelium may be involved in the regulation of osteoclast precursor recruitment to sites of ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.142.4.8204
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Female and male brains differ. Differences begin early during development due to a combination of genetic and hormonal events and continue throughout the lifespan of an individual. Although researchers from a myriad of disciplines are beginning to appreciate the importance of considering sex differences in the design ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1210/en.2004-1142
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most studies of lipoprotein requirements for steroid secretion by the adrenal have examined the mixed cell population of the whole gland; none have examined lipoprotein requirements of guinea pig adrenocortical cells. In this study the effect of exogenous lipoprotein on the ability of cells from each of the different ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-120-2-640
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pancreatic polypeptide cell, the only mature endocrine cell in the fetal pig pancreas, produces equimolar amounts of two peptides, pancreatic polypeptide and pancreatic icosapeptide, from the same precursor. The amino acid sequence of pancreatic polypeptide is more homogeneous among species, whereas pancreatic ico...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.142.10.8409
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulation of MUC1 expression and removal is a salient feature of embryo implantation, bacterial clearance, and tumor progression. In some species, embryo implantation is accompanied by a transcriptional decline in uterine epithelial expression of MUC1. In other species, MUC1 is locally removed at blastocyst attachmen...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2004-0399
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prokineticin-1 (PK1) is a recently described protein with a wide range of functions, including tissue-specific angiogenesis, modulation of inflammatory responses, and regulation of hemopoiesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the localization and expression of PK1 and PK receptor-1 (PKR1), their signaling pat...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2007-1695
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We tested further our postulate that enhanced de novo synthesis of phosphatidic acid is responsible for ACTH- and cAMP-induced increases in adrenal phospholipids in the phosphatidate polyphosphoinositide pathway. During incubation of adrenal sections or cells in vitro, ACTH and cAMP increased the concentrations of and...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-109-6-1895
更新日期:1981-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current in vivo and in vitro data indicate that progesterone (P) is required for epithelial proliferation in mammary glands of adult mice. P receptors (PgR) in adult mammary glands are under estrogenic regulation. By contrast in immature, pubertal 5-week-old mice, PgR are present only in low concentration and cannot b...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-122-2-464
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have studied the suitability of the insulin-receptor complex as a substrate for hepatic lysosomal and cytoplasmic insulin-degrading enzymes. Broken lysosome preparations degraded receptor-bound insulin more slowly than free insulin; most of the degradation of bound insulin could be accounted for by prior dissociati...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-112-1-381
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Decidual tissue of the rat produces a hormone with physiological and biochemical characteristics similar to those of PRL. Because PRL affects both follicular and luteal production of testosterone and estradiol, it was of interest to determine whether decidual luteotropin affects basal and/or LH-stimulated ovarian secr...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-116-5-1784
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) are major constituents of the medial layer of blood vessels and are involved in the development of atherosclerotic plaque. SMC secrete copious IL-6 under basal conditions that can be increased by cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta). The goal...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.140.6.6763
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Members of the winged helix transcription factor family are known to regulate epithelial cell differentiation by regulating cell-specific gene expression. rWIN is a newly discovered member of the winged helix family shown to be present in the adult rat testis. In the testis the human homolog of rWIN, HFH-11, was local...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.141.8.7599
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aromatase-deficient (ArKO) mice are deficient in estrogens due to deletion of the aromatase gene. We hypothesized that there may be changes in the cardiovascular system of ArKO mice because of evidence linking estrogens with improved cardiovascular outcomes and the induction of the glucocorticoid-metabolizing enzyme, ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2004-0421
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of sex hormones on the immune response to foreign antigens as well as self-antigens is now recognized. In this study, we investigated the influence of gender and sex hormones on the development of antibodies to double-stranded DNA in nonautoimmune C57BL/6J mice. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-dsDNA antibodi...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.135.6.7988450
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cultures of Sertoli cells were treated with freshly isolated, intact germ cells to determine if germ cells were capable of influencing Sertoli cell function. By using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography, germ cells were found to increase several-fold the incorporation of [32P]orthoph...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-120-4-1317
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The peptides angiotensin II (ANGII) and atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) regulate blood pressure and salt and water balance by producing antagonistic physiological effects in a variety of tissues. We used in vitro autoradiography with [125I] ANGII and [125I]ANF to compare receptor regulation for both peptides in variou...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-124-6-2799
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cushing's disease (CD) is a rare condition in which hypercortisolemia is secondary to excessive ACTH release from a pituitary corticotroph adenoma. CD is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and a safe therapy that effectively targets the pituitary tumor is still lacking. Retinoic acid (RA) and dopamin...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2013-1820
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tuberoinfundibular peptide is a recently discovered agonist for the PTH receptor-2; the latter has a wide distribution including the external zone of the median eminence of the hypothalamus, suggesting a role in neuroendocrine function. We have investigated the effects of tuberoinfundibular peptide on the hypothalamo-...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.142.8.8308
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spot 14 (S14) is a protein whose mRNA is rapidly up-regulated by lipogenic stimuli including thyroid hormone and a high-carbohydrate diet. Previous investigation into the role of S14 suggested that it is involved in de novo lipogenesis. Knockout of the gene in mice has given further support to this hypothesis. The lac...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1210/en.2006-0473
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cross talks between the vascular and immune system play a critical role in vascular diseases, in particular in atherosclerosis. The osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR) is a regulator of osteoclast differentiation and dendritic cell maturation. Whether OSCAR plays a role in vascular biology and has an impact on athe...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-1282
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study analyzes the role of the autonomic nervous system, the pituitary gland, ACTH, dexamethasone (DEX), and thyroid hormones in the regulation of 5'deiodinase (5'D) in the hypothalamus (HP) and adrenal gland (AG) of the rat. 5'D activity was analyzed in rats under basal conditions (22 C) and during cold exposure...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.136.8.7628370
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have indicated that growth factors such as insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) increase the growth rate of cultured preimplantation embryos. We therefore hypothesized that the fallopian tube may produce IGFs which in turn participate in the regulation of preimplantation embryo development in vivo. In the...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.133.5.8404650
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most frequent chronic liver disease in the United States and is strongly associated with hepatic insulin resistance. We examined whether the thyroid hormone receptor-α (Thra) would be a potential therapeutic target to prevent diet-induced NAFLD and insulin resistance. Fo...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-1793
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To elucidate the temporal profile of adaptive changes of the islets of Langerhans to the increased insulin demands of pregnancy, we have studied islet cell proliferation and insulin secretion during gestation in the rat. 5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation into dividing islet cells was significantly (P less than 0.0...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.130.3.1537300
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The circadian rhythm of blood corticosterone was examined in rats whose feeding was restricted to a specific time of day. The peak of the corticosterone level was found just before feeding time regardless of whether, the rats were kept on a 12-h light, 12-h dark cycle or in constant light or were blinded. It took at l...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-106-3-918
更新日期:1980-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The conceptus and endometrium secrete large amounts of prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) into the porcine uterine lumen during the periimplantation period. We hypothesized that PGE₂ acts on conceptus/trophoblast cells through auto- and paracrine mechanisms. Real-time RT-PCR analysis revealed that PGE₂ receptor (PTGER)2 mRNA was...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-2271
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the present study was to further examine the hypothesis that activation of G protein-coupled receptor 54 (GPR54) signaling at the end of the juvenile phase of primate development is responsible for initiation of gonadarche and the onset of puberty. Accordingly, we determined whether repetitive iv admini...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2005-1261
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00