Abstract:
:The development process of myelination varies between region and species. Fully myelinated fibers are required if mammalian neural circuits are to function normally. Histology samples at staggered time points throughout the study were examined at days 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 14, 17, 24, 37, and 44. We suggest that the development of myelin in the juvenile rodent brain can be conveniently separated into 3 phases. Evaluation of myelin basic protein-stained sections of the areas of brain that contain the elements of the developing limbic system over the sensitive period from postnatal day (PND) 14 to 34 may provide an insight into possible toxicity that may lead to cognition and learning issues in adults. We will hope to develop this notion further in the future. The precise chronology of the development of the blood-brain barrier in rats has yet to be established; thus, there is potential for significant exposure of the juvenile brain to chemicals that do not cross the blood-brain barrier in the adult. Thus, it is suggested that evaluation of myelin development should probably be extended to all new chemical entities intended for pediatric use, and not just those that are intended for central nervous system use.
journal_name
Toxicol Patholjournal_title
Toxicologic pathologyauthors
Downes N,Mullins Pdoi
10.1177/0192623313503518subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-07-01 00:00:00pages
913-22issue
5eissn
0192-6233issn
1533-1601pii
0192623313503518journal_volume
42pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Selenoprotein P is an abundant extracellular protein that is expressed in liver, brain, and other tissues. Studies in mice with the selenoprotein P gene deleted (Sepp-/- mice) have implicated the protein in maintaining brain selenium. Sepp-/- mice fed a normal or low selenium diet develop severe motor impairment and d...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01926230500243045
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objectives of this session were to explore causes of variability in clinical pathology data due to preanalytical and analytical variables as well as study design and other procedures that occur in toxicity testing studies. The presenters highlighted challenges associated with such variability in differentiating te...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623316675766
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of the herbicide Diuron in a two-stage rat medium-term mammary carcinogenesis model initiated by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). Female seven-week-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were allocated to six groups: groups G1 to G4 received intragastrically (i.g.) a...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623310396904
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To clarify the cell of origin of granular cell tumors in the rat brain, light and/or electron microscopic examinations were performed on 40 cases of spontaneous meningeal tumors in Wistar (Jcl: Wistar) rats. The meningeal tumors were histologically subclassified into 3 types: meningothelial meningiomas (MMs), 3 cases;...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262339702500211
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiac troponin (cTn) is a sensitive and specific biomarker for assessing cardiac damage and should be utilized in drug safety assessment. Lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase isoenzyme analyses have historically been used in pre-clinical toxicity testing to assess cardiac injury, but since these assays are less...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623310382438
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mer proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase (MerTK), which is expressed in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), regulates phagocytosis of shed photoreceptor outer segments (POS). To investigate the effects of drug-induced MerTK inhibition on the retina, UNC569, a specific MerTK inhibitor, was orally administered to male mice ...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623317749469
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::An eosinophilic substance (ES) is usually observed in the mouse nasal septum. In contrast to textbooks and one report describing ES as amyloid, a previous study by the authors revealed that ES is not amyloid but consists of collagen and an amorphous material. Furthermore, it was suggested that the amorphous material w...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623310367805
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, considerable attention has been focused on certain environmental contaminants--"endocrine disruptors"--of industrial origin that may mimic the action of sex hormones. Natural compounds and their effects on other types of hormonal activity (eg, on adrenal or thyroid function) have for some reason not provoked...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/019262330002800311
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Determining the carcinogenic potential of materials to which humans have significant exposures is an important, complex, and imperfect exercise. Not only are the methods for such determinations protracted and expensive and use large numbers of animals, extrapolation of data from such studies to human risk is imprecise...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623309351892
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Expression of antigens in cells and tissues can be readily studied immunohistochemically with the use of antibodies. A panel of antibodies to cell-specific markers can be used to diagnose lesions, including tumors, in the hematopoietic and lymphoid systems. This review discusses the use of readily available antibodies...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/0192623311430695
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to synthetic fibers with employment in textile mills can be associated with an elevated risk of interstitial lung disease (ILD). A mechanism of injury has not been determined. ILD can follow exposures to inorganic fibers (e.g., asbestos) which are associated with a mobilization of iron and catalysis of an oxi...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01926230600932448
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a three-week oral gavage toxicity study in rats, a high incidence of respiratory symptoms and high mortality was noted in compound-dosed rats only. Because of audible respiration, an effect in the upper respiratory tract was suspected and the nasal cavity was included for examination. Histology revealed extensive n...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623310388430
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This overview briefly summarizes the cellular pathobiology of experimental atherosclerosis and is then followed by a consideration of how 3 major risk factors interact with the hypothesized pathogenetic process. First, since hemodynamics and blood flow influence the localization of atherosclerotic plaques, possible me...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lung is a target organ for the toxic effects of several chemical agents, including natural products, industrial chemicals, pesticides, environmental agents, and occasionally, drugs. Factors that establish the lung as a target organ include selective tissue exposure, high tissue oxygenation, and the presence of bio...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/019262339101900415
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidant generation catalyzed by metals has been postulated to account for a lung injury following exposure to air pollution particles. In particles that are predominantly carbonaceous, it is difficult to implicate such an oxidative stress as the responsible mechanism, since concentrations of metals can be extremely lo...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262330002800416
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The literature evidencing the role of iron in promoting a range of neoplasms in humans and animals prompted us to search for a possible association between chemically induced hemosiderosis and hemangiosarcomas in the liver of mice in selected studies conducted by the National Toxicology Program (NTP). Its historical c...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/019262330403200201
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxicokinetic (TK) studies are the basis for demonstrating dose-related drug exposure in animals and for ensuring that drug exposure is substantially greater in animals than that expected in humans at therapeutic doses. The usefulness of TK studies can be further enhanced by correlating TK parameters with relevant tox...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/019262339502300209
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatic changes induced by phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) in the liver of rats were determined by quantitative microscopy. Groups of male Fischer-344 rats were fed either a standard, cereal-based diet (Wayne rodent meal) or a purified diet (AIN-76A) containing PEITC at concentrations of 0.75 and 6.0 mmol/kg for 13 w...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262339502300602
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nephrotoxic renal injury, and especially drug nephrotoxicity is now a common cause of acute renal failure. The most common patterns of renal injury produced by nephrotoxins, tubular damage, and interstitial nephritis, are discussed here. Toxic agents which are primarily tubular toxins include certain antibiotics, cisp...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262338601400106
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A comparative study of histochemical detection of eosinophils in fixed murine tissue is lacking. Five histochemical methods previously reported for eosinophil detection were quantitatively and qualitatively compared in an established murine RSV vaccine-enhanced inflammation model. Nonspecific neutrophil staining was e...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623308329342
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Complete evaluation of the toxicity of a new chemical entity requires critical analysis of the pattern of positive and negative findings in all types of toxicity tests, pharmacokinetics and metabolism in the species examined, and correlation of the effects with information about its pharmacodynamic and pharmacological...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262339402200216
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whole mount enzyme histochemistry to localize lacZ-bearing transgenes (lacZ-WMH) also detects endogenous beta-galactosidases. The experiments reported here evaluated lacZ-WMH as a potential tool for transgene expression analysis during high-throughput rodent necropsies. A lacZ-WMH survey of organs from adult, wild-typ...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623307312693
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hyaline droplet formation in the proximal tubular cells of the kidney commonly occurs under different pathological conditions in experimental animals. In rats, intracytoplasmic hyaline droplet formation is predominantly associated with accumulation of the male rat-specific alpha(2u)-globulin, whereas under other (path...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01926230390213775
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In tissue slice models, interactions between the heterogeneous cell types comprising the lung parenchyma are maintained thus providing a controlled system for the study of pulmonary toxicology in vitro. However, validation of the model in vitro system must be affirmed. Previous reports, in in vivo systems, have demons...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01926230390183689
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bioabsorbable implants can be advantageous for certain surgical tissue bioengineering applications and implant-assisted tissue repair. They offer the obvious benefits of nonpermanence and eventual restoration of the native tissue's biomechanical and immunological properties, while providing a structural scaffold for h...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/0192623318816681
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The handling-induced dark neuron is a histological artifact observed in brain samples handled before fixation with aldehydes. To explore associations between dark neurons and immunohistochemical alterations in mouse brains, we examined protein products encoded by Cav3 (neuronal perikarya/neurites), Rbbp4 (neuronal nuc...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623319896263
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The carcinogenic potential of misoprostol, a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue with anti-ulcer potential, was evaluated in CD Sprague-Dawley rats. The compound was given daily by gavage at 24, 240, and 2,400 micrograms/kg, up to 150 times the daily human dose for 2 years. Necropsies were done on all animals and the ...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262338701500201
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cells have to double their protein mass in order to divide. Whether this is achieved through increased synthesis (PS), decreased degradation (PD), or a combination of both is still debated. Likewise open are other basic questions: whether, beyond differences relating to growth phase (GP) or rate, reduced PD rates are ...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262338401200312
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The title of the 2016 Society of Toxicologic Pathology (STP) Symposium was the "Basis and Relevance of Variation in Toxicologic Responses." Many factors may contribute to variation in toxicologic responses and can confound results, complicate interpretation of data, interfere with reproducibility, and make extrapolati...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623316675765
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microminipigs have become an attractive animal model for toxicology and pharmacology studies and for human disease models, owing to their manageable size. Although there are numerous reports of spontaneous age-related lesions in mice, rats, dogs, and monkeys, those in minipigs are scarce. In the present study, spontan...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623319861350
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00