Abstract:
:The title of the 2016 Society of Toxicologic Pathology (STP) Symposium was the "Basis and Relevance of Variation in Toxicologic Responses." Many factors may contribute to variation in toxicologic responses and can confound results, complicate interpretation of data, interfere with reproducibility, and make extrapolation to humans problematic. This brief overview summarizes speaker presentations from each session which describes important factors that may impact the interpretation of nonclinical discovery and developmental toxicity studies. In addition, summaries of the Continuing Education (CE) courses and other educational events that occurred during the Symposium are highlighted.
journal_name
Toxicol Patholjournal_title
Toxicologic pathologyauthors
Irizarry AR,Gropp KE,Dixon Ddoi
10.1177/0192623316675765subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-01-01 00:00:00pages
52-56issue
1eissn
0192-6233issn
1533-1601pii
0192623316675765journal_volume
45pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Existing liver perfusion models are largely limited by high degrees of ischemic and reperfusion injury and the lack of standardization. To establish a highly standardized perfusion model and minimize reperfusion injury, a porcine liver perfusion model was developed using an artificial heart pump (Buecherl Artificial H...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01926230590958164
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The toxic effects of a mixture of 2-aminoanthracene (2-AA), benzanthracene (BA), and dinitropyrene isomers (DNP), and the toxic effects of these compounds individually, were investigated in the Fischer-344 rat following dietary exposure via a powdered basal diet. Animals were sacrificed at 14-, 30-, and 80-days of die...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/019262301316905291
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The microbiome is increasingly recognized as a critical component in human development, health, and disease. Its relevance to toxicology and pharmacology involves challenges to current concepts related to absorption, metabolism, gene:environment, and pathways of response. Framing testable hypotheses for experimental a...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/0192623316672073
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zibotentan, an endothelin-A receptor antagonist, has been used in the treatment of various cardiovascular disorders and neoplasia. Castrated athymic nude mice receiving zibotentan for a preclinical xenograft efficacy study experienced weight loss, gastrointestinal bloat, and the presence of an audible respiratory clic...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623318816295
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The toxicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), flame-retardant components, was characterized in offspring from Wistar Han dams exposed by gavage to a PBDE mixture (DE71) starting at gestation day 6 and continuing to weaning on postnatal day (PND) 21. Offspring from the dams underwent PBDE direct dosing by gav...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623311429973
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Results of early nonclinical "General Toxicology" studies are used to set a safe starting dose for first-in-human (FIH) clinical trials. In FIH trials, the research subjects are typically healthy volunteers who have little to gain but much to lose if a trial goes wrong. With that in mind, good laboratory practice regu...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623313506878
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two-year mouse and rat bioassay studies of 2-methylimidazole (2-MI) conducted by the National Toxicology Program revealed that epididymal sperm granuloma(SG)s occurred only in male B6C3F1 mice in a dose-related manner. The present study characterized 2-MI-induced SGs in these epididymides. Groups of 50 male B6C3F1 mic...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01926230590922866
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a three-week oral gavage toxicity study in rats, a high incidence of respiratory symptoms and high mortality was noted in compound-dosed rats only. Because of audible respiration, an effect in the upper respiratory tract was suspected and the nasal cavity was included for examination. Histology revealed extensive n...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623310388430
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report demonstrates the advantages of using a noninvasive soft tissue imaging technique--magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)--to monitor liver regeneration after 70% partial hepatectomy in the rat in a longitudinal manner. Six animals were scanned prior to and on 6 subsequent occasions up to 9 days after surgical re...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01926230290105811
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The carcinogenic potential of chloroform was evaluated in a short-term carcinogenicity testing system using CB6F1 rasH2-Tg (rasH2-Tg) mice. Chloroform was administered to rasH2-Tg males at doses of 28, 90, or 140 mg/kg and rasH2-Tg females at 24, 90, or 240 mg/kg by oral gavage for 26 weeks. Wild-type (non-Tg) male an...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01926230252929909
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Single doses of aspirin induce scattered foci of necrosis of proximal tubules in some strains of rats, whereas acute or sub-acute administration of phenylbutazone causes renal papillary necrosis. Initially, using Sprague-Dawley rats of CFY and CD strains, it became clear that these rats were not as susceptible to thes...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262338601400214
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidant generation catalyzed by metals has been postulated to account for a lung injury following exposure to air pollution particles. In particles that are predominantly carbonaceous, it is difficult to implicate such an oxidative stress as the responsible mechanism, since concentrations of metals can be extremely lo...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262330002800416
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This brief review summarizes our current understanding of vasculitis mediated by phlogistic immune complexes. The Arthus reaction and serum sickness both represent experimental models for immune complex disease. Immune complex phenomena occur in conjunction with C3 deficiency of dogs during canine distemper virus infe...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/019262338901700107
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxicologists and pathologists worldwide will benefit from a new, website-based, and completely searchable Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas just released by the U.S. National Toxicology Program (NTP). The atlas is a much-needed resource with thousands of high-quality, zoomable images and diagnostic guidelines for each roden...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623313517304
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in p53 expression, apoptosis and cell proliferation after treatment with 4-hydroxyaminoquinoline 1-oxide (4HAQO) were investigated in the rat pancreas and liver, target and nontarget organs for tumorigenesis, respectively. Male rats were given a single intravenous injection of 4HAQO at a dose of 20 mg/kg body ...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01926230390241855
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This overview briefly summarizes the cellular pathobiology of experimental atherosclerosis and is then followed by a consideration of how 3 major risk factors interact with the hypothesized pathogenetic process. First, since hemodynamics and blood flow influence the localization of atherosclerotic plaques, possible me...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cancer stem cell concept assumes that cancers are mainly sustained by a small pool of neoplastic cells, known as cancer stem cells or tumor initiating cells, which are able to reproduce themselves and produce phenotypically heterogeneous cells with lesser tumorigenic potential. Cancer stem cells represent an appea...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/0192623309354109
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Laser scanning cytometry (LSC) is a powerful tool for qualitative and quantitative analysis of tissue sections in preclinical drug development. LSC combines the strengths of flow cytometry with tissue architecture retention. This technology has been used predominantly with immunofluorescent techniques on cell culture ...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/0192623307312704
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiac troponin (cTn) is a sensitive and specific biomarker for assessing cardiac damage and should be utilized in drug safety assessment. Lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase isoenzyme analyses have historically been used in pre-clinical toxicity testing to assess cardiac injury, but since these assays are less...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623310382438
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective was to determine the respiratory toxicity of MAP0004, orally inhaled dihydroergotamine (DHE), via inhalation for six months. Forty beagle dogs (twenty females, twenty males) were treated by nose-only inhalation for 182 days. Groups 2 through 5 received MAP0004 (mean doses: 0.045, 0.154, 0.44, 0.825 mg/kg...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623311399786
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The beagle is a monoestric, nonseasonal breeder with a long estrous cycle. Owing to lengthy stages in individual phases of the estrous cycle, limited group size, and typical group assignment focused on homogenized body weight, dogs in the same stage of the cycle can be inadvertently assigned to one treatment group in ...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623308326150
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Benzene is of particular concern because of recent research indicating that benzene exposure can result in toxicity. The hematotoxic effect of benzene is mentioned. However, there is little knowledge about the correlation between the biomarker of benzene exposure and changes in red blood cell parameters. Here, the cor...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01926230601156278
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the conduct of in vivo toxicology studies, in-life, clinical pathology, and anatomic pathology parameters are collected and interpreted. These sets of parameters are evaluated in an integrative manner to determine the overall toxicity of a test article. For clinical pathology parameters, the inherent variabilit...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623314555340
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::ISIS 2302 is a phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide with a sequence complementary to the mRNA of human intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). Hybridization of ISIS 2302 to the mRNA inhibits expression of the ICAM-1 protein in response to inflammatory stimuli. A murine active antisense oligonucleotide, ISIS 3082,...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/019262339902700117
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Statistical issues related to the design, analysis and interpretation of carcinogenicity studies are considered. A proposed modification of the "standard" National Cancer Institute (NCI) design of carcinogenicity studies in rodents is discussed. The primary objective was to obtain a design that maintained the power of...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262338301100113
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The renal toxicity of harman and norharman, administered for 2 or 4 weeks at dietary levels of 1,000, 500, or 0 parts per million (ppm), was investigated in 6-week-old male F344/DuCrj rats. Although rats fed 1,000 ppm harman or norharman, but not the 500 ppm level, demonstrated marked body weight retardation from 1 we...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262339202000206
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::d-galactosamine (d-GalN) is a well-known hepatotoxic agent that causes liver injury. Conversely, hepatic macrophages play a crucial role in maintaining liver tissue integrity. Macrophage functions were investigated in hepatic lesions induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of d-GalN (800 mg/kg body weight [BW]) ...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623318801574
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Normal retina and its cell layers are essential for processing visual stimuli, and loss of its integrity has been documented in many disease processes. The numbers and the axonal processes of retinal ganglion cells are reduced substantially in glaucoma, leading to vision loss and blindness. Similarly, selective loss o...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623320976375
更新日期:2020-12-31 00:00:00
abstract::We describe 2 cases of a relatively rare tumor diagnosed as pituicytoma in the pars nervosa of rat pituitary. This tumor was spontaneously noted in one 110-week-old female and one 109-week-old male Fischer 344 (F344)/DuCrj rats during 2-year carcinogenicity studies. Although no gross abnormality of the pituitary was d...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262330002800612
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-resolution digitalizing of histology slides facilitates the development of computational alternatives to manual quantitation of features of interest. We developed a MATLAB-based quantitative histological analysis tool (QuHAnT) for the high-throughput assessment of distinguishable histological features. QuHAnT val...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0192623314544379
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00