Abstract：
:Results of early nonclinical "General Toxicology" studies are used to set a safe starting dose for first-in-human (FIH) clinical trials. In FIH trials, the research subjects are typically healthy volunteers who have little to gain but much to lose if a trial goes wrong. With that in mind, good laboratory practice regulations require that a standardized system be used for the conduct, documentation, and retention of study-related materials. The study pathologist, working within that system of standards, documentation, and oversight, is key to the identification of potential target organs of toxicity and other toxicologically significant findings.
journal_name
Toxicol Patholjournal_title
Toxicologic pathologyauthors
Seaton Mdoi
10.1177/0192623313506878subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-01-01 00:00:00pages
285issue
1eissn
0192-6233issn
1533-1601pii
0192623313506878journal_volume
42pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Many new observations have been made correlating changes in renal morphology with changes in renal function. These changes have led to a better definition of the various segments which make up the renal tubule. These morphological patterns vary in different species as is documented by morphologic studies and by differ...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1177/019262338601400103
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The dose-response of diethylnitrosamine (DENA) initiation of hepatocarcinogenesis was determined in infant Balb/c male mice with and without subsequent phenobarbital treatment. Male Balb/c mice received a single intraperitoneal injection of DENA (0, 2.5, 10.0, 25.0 or 50.0 micrograms/gbw) in saline on day 15 of age. N...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/019262338801600310
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The title of the 2016 Society of Toxicologic Pathology (STP) Symposium was the "Basis and Relevance of Variation in Toxicologic Responses." Many factors may contribute to variation in toxicologic responses and can confound results, complicate interpretation of data, interfere with reproducibility, and make extrapolati...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0192623316675765
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Enzyme histochemistry was assessed in semi-thin glycolmethacrylate sections after 100 mg/kg 2-bromoethanamine (BEA) hydrobromide had been given ip to male Wistar rats to induce renal papillary necrosis. Changes in the proximal tubular marker enzymes alkaline phosphatase (Alk Phos), gamma-glutamytranspeptidase (GGT) an...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/019262339001800106
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Developmental exposure to estrogenic chemicals is an established risk factor for cancer of the female reproductive tract. This increase in risk has been associated with disruption of normal patterns of cellular differentiation during critical stages of morphogenesis. The goal of this study was to document uterine epit...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0192623318779326
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mouse renal cell tumors (RCTs) were induced in male CBA mice by 5 subcutaneous injections of 8 mg 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)/kg body weight once a week. After a lag period of 2 yr kidneys were removed, and serial cryostat sections of the kidneys were histochemically analyzed for the following parameters: glycogen con...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/019262339402200407
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Complete evaluation of the toxicity of a new chemical entity requires critical analysis of the pattern of positive and negative findings in all types of toxicity tests, pharmacokinetics and metabolism in the species examined, and correlation of the effects with information about its pharmacodynamic and pharmacological...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/019262339402200216
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glucokinase activators (GKAs) are being developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The toxicity of 4 GKAs (PF-04279405, PF-04651887, piragliatin, and PF-04937319) was assessed in mice, rats, dogs, and/or monkeys. GKAs were administered for 2 to 8 weeks. Standard endpoints, glucose, and insulin were assessed. All ...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0192623314526006
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One of the major roles for the toxicologic pathologists now and into the future will be to determine the biologic significance of chemically induced biochemical and molecular alterations detected in whole tissue homogenates or cell cultures. The biologically significant effects will then require further analysis to de...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/019262301301418973
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article provides a synopsis of the first two presentations from the second scientific session of the 37th Annual Symposium of the Society of Toxicologic Pathology in Indianapolis, Indiana, on June 18, 2018; the session focused on acute kidney injury. The first presentation, given by Dr. Kevin McDorman, focused on...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1177/0192623318798758
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:ISIS 2302 is a phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide with a sequence complementary to the mRNA of human intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). Hybridization of ISIS 2302 to the mRNA inhibits expression of the ICAM-1 protein in response to inflammatory stimuli. A murine active antisense oligonucleotide, ISIS 3082,...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1177/019262339902700117
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A retrospective analysis of microscopic evaluation data from control (device and/or saline-treated) animals in intrathecal studies in monkeys, dogs, sheep, and rats was conducted. The studies were performed by multiple testing facilities. All slide preparation and microscopic evaluation were conducted in the laborator...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0192623310391679
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mouse liver is the primary target site for carcinogenesis of more than 200 chemicals (including pesticides, food additives, pharmaceuticals, and industrial intermediates) tested in long-term toxicity safety assessment assays. Mouse liver tumors develop through defined morphological stages (similar to those found i...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1177/019262339602400117
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the past decade, laser capture microdissection (LCM) has grown as a tool for gene expression profiling of small numbers of cells from tumor samples and of specific cell populations in complex tissues. LCM can be used to study toxicant effects on selected cell populations within the testis at different stages of s...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0192623314526319
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the Federal Register of January 10, 2000 (65 FR 1399), FDA published a draft guidance entitled "Photosafety Testing." The notice gave interested persons an opportunity to submit comments. As a result of the comments, certain sections of the guidance were reworded to improve clarity. A final guidance was published i...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/01926230490463821
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gadolinium is used as a contrast media for magnetic resonance imaging and, experimentally, to block Kupffer cell phagocytosis. In this study, we utilize electron probe microanalysis to determine the subcellular localization of gadolinium chloride (GdCl3) administered to mice in a short-term toxicology study. Male CD-1...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/019262339602400508
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Minipigs are now used in greater numbers in contract research organizations (CROs) as well as in the pharmaceutical industry. Most CROs or pharmaceutical companies use the Göttingen minipig, which displays a number of important background lesions. This review will discuss some of the more infrequent minipig background...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1177/0192623315622423
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Artemin (ART) signals through the GFR alpha-3/RET receptor complex to support sympathetic neuron development. Here we show that ART also influences autonomic elements in adrenal medulla and enteric and pelvic ganglia. Transgenic mice over-expressing Art throughout development exhibited systemic autonomic neural lesion...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/01926230490431475
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A factor limiting widespread use of the transgenic rasH2 mouse model for carcinogenicity testing of pharmaceuticals is the paucity of published data on actual drug candidates in rasH2 mice. This report addresses this gap by highlighting rasH2 mouse study data for 10 pharmaceutical candidates. These results were compar...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0192623313477257
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A total of 75 BALB/cStCrlfC3H/Nctr male weanling mice were administered either 0 or 250 ppm of 4 ethylsulfonylnaphthalene-1-sulfonamide (ENS) in the diet for periods up to 14 days to evaluate the early morphological changes of the transitional epithelium of the urinary bladder with scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/019262338601400302
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Animal models have provided an important tool to help make the decision to take potential therapies from preclinical studies to humans. In the past several years, the strong reliance of the pharmaceutical discovery and development process on the use of animal models has come under increasing scrutiny for ethical and s...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0192623314555162
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vaginal exfoliative cytology is commonly used in biomedical and toxicological research to classify the stages of the rodent estrous cycle. However, mouse vaginal exfoliative cytology is commonly used as a stand-alone tool and has not been evaluated in reference to vaginal histology and serum sex hormone levels. In thi...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0192623314526321
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine (DCVC)-induced nephrotoxicity in vivo was investigated in New Zealand White rabbits. A primary emphasis in these studies was further characterization of DCVC-induced nephrotoxicity using a variety of serum and urinary analytes, including sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electr...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/019262339502300405
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dogs treated with AR-H047108, an imidazopyridine potassium competitive acid blocker (P-CAB), developed clinical signs of hepatic dysfunction as well as morphologically manifest hepatotoxicity in repeat-dose toxicity studies. An investigative one-month study was performed, with interim euthanasia after one and two week...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0192623308320802
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a chemical used in the production of fluoropolymers. Its persistence in the environment and presence in humans and wildlife has raised health concerns. Liver tumor induction by PFOA is thought to be mediated in rodents by PPAR-alpha. A recent US EPA scientific advisory board questioned...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0192623308318216
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The title of the 2017 Society of Toxicologic Pathology symposium was "Musculoskeletal System." A brief overview of the General Scientific Symposium is presented herein and describes the topics presented by each speaker. Symposium speakers addressed subjects pertinent to musculoskeletal system toxicologic pathology and...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1177/0192623317738211
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The uterine cellular expression and distribution of c-fos, ERalpha and p38alpha was compared in humans, nonhuman primates, and rats using immunohistochemistry. ERalpha and c-fos were present in the glandular (GE) and luminal epithelial cells (LE) of humans and nonhuman primates, with differing expression patterns evid...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/01926230600773941
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Macrophages appearing in lesions are polarized toward M1 (for inflammation) and M2 (for anti-inflammation/fibrosis) types. We analyzed immunophenotypes of macrophages appearing in myocardial lesion in rats injected once with isoproterenol (10 mg/kg body weight). Inflammation following myocardial necrosis on day 1 was ...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0192623320982526
更新日期：2021-01-05 00:00:00
abstract：:The chloracetanilide herbicide alachlor (2-chloro-2',6-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)-acetanilide) induces nasal neoplasms in rats following chronic dietary exposure. The present study sought to identify the cellular origin and mechanisms of tumor induction and progression. Male Long-Evans rats were fed alachlor (0 or 126 ...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/019262330002800602
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinically, girls appear to be more sensitive than boys to the cardiotoxic effects of doxorubicin, whereas the opposite may be true for adults. To identify and characterize potential sex-related differences, adult male and female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR; some ovariectomized [OVX]) received 1 mg/kg of doxo...
journal_title：Toxicologic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0192623313482778
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
