Abstract:
:A retrospective analysis of microscopic evaluation data from control (device and/or saline-treated) animals in intrathecal studies in monkeys, dogs, sheep, and rats was conducted. The studies were performed by multiple testing facilities. All slide preparation and microscopic evaluation were conducted in the laboratory of the author. The data were of observations made at the level of the catheter tip, which typically was located in the intrathecal space near the thoracolumbar region of the spinal canal. The most common microscopic changes in control animals were meningeal infiltrates, catheter track (CT) inflammation, spinal cord compression (at the CT), CT fibrosis, spinal cord gliosis (at the CT), and spinal cord nerve fiber degeneration. Although variable between studies (even within species), in general the average severity of these findings was minimal or less in control animals. CT inflammatory mass/pyogranuloma formation, a known complication following the administration of morphine at higher concentrations/doses, was noted in 3 of 25 control dogs and 2 of 77 control monkeys. These data show that inflammatory mass/pyogranuloma formation may occur in control animals, and this occurrence is most common in dogs as compared to monkeys, sheep, and rats.
journal_name
Toxicol Patholjournal_title
Toxicologic pathologyauthors
Butt MTdoi
10.1177/0192623310391679subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-01-01 00:00:00pages
213-9issue
1eissn
0192-6233issn
1533-1601pii
0192623310391679journal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Recombinant soluble CD4 (sT4) has been shown to inhibit infectivity of HIV. Because of the role CD4 plays in the interaction of T-helper lymphocytes and cells bearing MHC Class II antigens, a potential adverse effect of therapy with sT4 is interference with lymphocyte function. To address this issue, we studied the ef...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262339101900403
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Standard histology trimming practices for toxicity studies in dogs include preparation of a section of the papillary muscle associated with the left ventricular free wall-the anteriolateral or anterior muscle. In contrast, the posteromedial or posterior papillary muscle, associated with the interventricular septum, is...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Partial hepatectomy (PH) and neonatal rat short-term liver focus models were used to examine the effects of selected chemicals that had been previously tested in the National Toxicology Program (NTP) 2-yr carcinogenicity studies. C.I. Solvent Yellow 14, monuron, chlorendic acid, and 4-hydroxyacetanilide were tested fo...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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doi:10.1177/0192623389017004110
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abstract::Carbonyl sulfide (COS) is an odorless gas that produces highly reproducible lesions in the central nervous system. In the present study, the time course for the development of the neurotoxicological lesions was defined and the gene expression changes occurring in the posterior colliculus upon exposure to COS were char...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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doi:10.1177/0192623309335631
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abstract::The expression of specific cytokeratin (CK) polypeptide patterns is a sensitive marker of the cytoskeletal differentiation of epithelial cells. We developed an immunohistochemical method to assess CK expression patterns in the rat respiratory tract using serial paraffin-embedded sections from the nasal cavity, trachea...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262339802600308
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::d-galactosamine (d-GalN) is a well-known hepatotoxic agent that causes liver injury. Conversely, hepatic macrophages play a crucial role in maintaining liver tissue integrity. Macrophage functions were investigated in hepatic lesions induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of d-GalN (800 mg/kg body weight [BW]) ...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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abstract::Reticulum cell hyperplasia (RCH) was a term used for many years by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) to describe a certain non-neoplastic bone marrow lesion of rats. Retrospective microscopic evaluation of RCH lesions and immunohistochemistry analyses were performed to reassess and further characterize these lesio...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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abstract::Two-year mouse and rat bioassay studies of 2-methylimidazole (2-MI) conducted by the National Toxicology Program revealed that epididymal sperm granuloma(SG)s occurred only in male B6C3F1 mice in a dose-related manner. The present study characterized 2-MI-induced SGs in these epididymides. Groups of 50 male B6C3F1 mic...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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abstract::A semiautomated quantitative assay for rat serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) isoenzyme determination was developed, incorporating selective precipitation of bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) with wheat germ lectin and differential inhibition with levamisole for determination of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IALP). Th...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monocrotaline pyrrole (MCTP) is a highly reactive pneumotoxic metabolite of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid plant toxin monocrotaline. When administered to rats, it causes a delayed and progressive lung injury, vascular remodeling, and pulmonary hypertension. Structural remodeling consists of endothelial cell swelling foll...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sensitive kidney safety assessment is important for successful drug development in both preclinical and clinical stages. The Food and Drug Administration recently qualified a composite measure of 6 urine creatinine-normalized biomarkers, such as clusterin, cystatin C, kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), N-acetyl-β-d-glu...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxymetholone has been identified as a suspected nongenotoxic carcinogen and has recently completed testing in a conventional National Toxicology Program (NTP) 2-yr rodent bioassay program. As a synthetic androgen with a limited historical database in toxicology, oxymetholone is an ideal candidate for prospective exami...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1177/019262339902700503
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This overview briefly summarizes the cellular pathobiology of experimental atherosclerosis and is then followed by a consideration of how 3 major risk factors interact with the hypothesized pathogenetic process. First, since hemodynamics and blood flow influence the localization of atherosclerotic plaques, possible me...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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doi:
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has affected business on numerous fronts in unprecedented and abrupt ways. From site closures and local "stay-at-home orders" to travel advisories and restrictions, the day-to-day practice of toxicologic pathology has been impacted dramatically and rapidly. A critical function of ...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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abstract::A number of novel urinary biomarkers have been identified and partially qualified for use as markers for renal injury in rats. We used two multiplex assays for these novel biomarkers to quantify biomarker concentration in serial urine collections from rats of both sexes administered varying concentrations of cisplatin...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::After 15 years of existence, the ACVP/STP Coalition for Veterinary Pathology Fellows will dissolve, primarily due to lack of renewed financial sponsorship. While in operation, the Coalition organized 32 new training position for veterinary pathologists, supported by $7.4 M from sponsors, including pharmaceutical and b...
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journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ocular medical devices (MDs) represent a very wide and promising field of human ophthalmology. In preclinical studies evaluating the safety and/or performance of these ocular MDs, the choice of histologic technique and the focus of the histopathologic evaluation method should take into consideration the following aspe...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Normal retina and its cell layers are essential for processing visual stimuli, and loss of its integrity has been documented in many disease processes. The numbers and the axonal processes of retinal ganglion cells are reduced substantially in glaucoma, leading to vision loss and blindness. Similarly, selective loss o...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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abstract::Over the past decade, laser capture microdissection (LCM) has grown as a tool for gene expression profiling of small numbers of cells from tumor samples and of specific cell populations in complex tissues. LCM can be used to study toxicant effects on selected cell populations within the testis at different stages of s...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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abstract::Pentostatin, an adenosine deaminase inhibitor, has been approved for the treatment of refractory hairy cell leukemia. In a preclinical toxicity study, Wistar rats were administered 0, 1, 10, 25, and 50 mg/kg (0, 6, 60, 150, and 300 mg/m2, respectively) pentostatin intravenously once a week for 26 wk (1.5-75-fold above...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mouse liver is the primary target site for carcinogenesis of more than 200 chemicals (including pesticides, food additives, pharmaceuticals, and industrial intermediates) tested in long-term toxicity safety assessment assays. Mouse liver tumors develop through defined morphological stages (similar to those found i...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in p53 expression, apoptosis and cell proliferation after treatment with 4-hydroxyaminoquinoline 1-oxide (4HAQO) were investigated in the rat pancreas and liver, target and nontarget organs for tumorigenesis, respectively. Male rats were given a single intravenous injection of 4HAQO at a dose of 20 mg/kg body ...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to synthetic fibers with employment in textile mills can be associated with an elevated risk of interstitial lung disease (ILD). A mechanism of injury has not been determined. ILD can follow exposures to inorganic fibers (e.g., asbestos) which are associated with a mobilization of iron and catalysis of an oxi...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development process of myelination varies between region and species. Fully myelinated fibers are required if mammalian neural circuits are to function normally. Histology samples at staggered time points throughout the study were examined at days 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 14, 17, 24, 37, and 44. We suggest that the develop...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aroclor 1254, at a dose level of 280 micrograms/kg body weight equivalent to 200 micrograms/kg/day, was given 5 days per week to rhesus monkeys over a 27 to 28 month period. Terminal clinical signs of varying severity included fingernail detachment, exuberant nail beds, weight loss, stomatitis and normocytic anemia. A...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro techniques for the culture of hemopoietic stem cells and committed hemopoietic progenitor cells in rat bone marrow have not been adequately described in the literature. In the present investigations, and using commercially available hemopoietic cytokines and growth factors, the conditions required to perform ...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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abstract::A total of 75 BALB/cStCrlfC3H/Nctr male weanling mice were administered either 0 or 250 ppm of 4 ethylsulfonylnaphthalene-1-sulfonamide (ENS) in the diet for periods up to 14 days to evaluate the early morphological changes of the transitional epithelium of the urinary bladder with scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM...
journal_title:Toxicologic pathology
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更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00