Abstract：
:The factors which identify patients at risk of treatment failure were characterized in 1590 children and adults with uncomplicated falciparum malaria treated with 15 or 25 mg/kg of mefloquine on the borders of Thailand. Six independent predictors of failure were identified using multiple logistic regression. Age < or = 2 years (odds ratio [OR] 4.54), 3-15 years (OR 4.4), vomiting < 30 min after a single dose of 25 mg/kg (despite re-administration of the dose) (OR 2.5) and diarrhoea after treatment (OR 3.6) were the strongest predictors of failure by day 7. Parasitaemias > 10 000/mm3 (OR 1.4), and fever with a history of recent vomiting (OR 1.6) were risk factors for recrudescence of the infection between days 10 and 28. Patients treated with mefloquine in the previous 2 months were also at increased risk of failure (OR 2.38), particularly if they were anaemic (haematocrit < 30%) (OR 5.96), which suggested that they had recrudescent infections at presentation. Combined, these 6 factors identified half of all treatment failures. Vomiting and diarrhoea accounted for 24% of the early failures in children. Patients at increased risk of treatment failure should be monitored closely and given early alternative treatment if fever and parasites persist for > or = 3 d.
journal_name
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hygauthors
ter Kuile FO,Luxemburger C,Nosten F,Thwai KL,Chongsuphajaisiddhi T,White NJdoi
10.1016/0035-9203(95)90435-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-11-01 00:00:00pages
660-4issue
6eissn
0035-9203issn
1878-3503journal_volume
89pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章abstract：:Epidemics of cholera have been frequent in southern Africa since the reintroduction of the disease to the continent in 1970. In late 1992, following a severe drought and an influx of refugees from Mozambique, cholera reappeared in Zimbabwe for the first time since 1985 and rapidly spread through the rural areas of the...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(96)90512-x
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tuberculosis (TB) of the breast is a very rare pathology. The clinical presentations of this disease are manifold, often mimicking carcinoma of the breast. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 20 women with TB of the breast receiving care at the mastology clinic at Getúlio Vargas Hospital, PI, Brazil, between 1994...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2009.02.005
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cutaneous leishmaniasis was detected in 4 of 117 feral dogs, none of which presented any evidence of visceral involvement, in the Al-Hassa area of Saudi Arabia where neither Leishmania infantum nor L. tropica are transmitted. The parasites isolated from 3 of the animals were identified by biochemical techniques as L. ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(87)90353-1
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review suggests that we are on the threshold of a new epoch in the control of ticks and the diseases transmitted by them. Ecological studies of parasitic and non-parasitic stages of the tick life cycle have shown how strategic dipping can lead to effective control of Boophilus ticks. However, this approach can le...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(89)90603-2
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Union Territory of India, are home to six primitive tribes, namely the Great Andamanese, Onges, Jarawas and Sentinelese (Negrito race), and the Shompens and Nicobarese (Mongoloid race). These tribes account for about 8% of the island's population and the Nicobarese constitute >95% of t...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.04.044
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This communication reports 7 Ethiopian visceral leishmaniasis (VL) patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The clinical and laboratory findings in 6 patients did not differ from classical VL. All patients had highly elevated anti-leishmanial antibody titres, determined by immunoglobulin G-based e...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(95)90497-2
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A study was carried out to assess the patterns of resistance and occurrence of DHFR/DHPS genotypes of Plasmodium falciparum prior to the adoption of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) as first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria in Tanzania. Children under five years (n = 117) with clinical, uncomplicated malaria wer...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2003.10.010
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to understand better the relationship among Mycobacterium leprae, its transmission and the human host or the chain of infection which may lead to the development of leprosy, we performed a population survey in which nasal carriage of M. leprae was determined by a specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), 2 ye...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(95)90018-7
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The efficacy and safety of single-dose ivermectin (150-200 micrograms/kg) and albendazole (400 mg) treatment administered separately or in combination for Wuchereria bancrofti infections were assessed in 1996-98 in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled field trial in Ghana: 1425 individuals from 4 lymphatic fil...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(00)90278-5
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Starting in 2008, the Central African Republic (CAR) experienced an unprecedented number of reported yellow fever (YF) cases. A risk assessment of YF virus (YFV) activity was conducted to estimate potential disease risk and vaccine needs. METHODS:A multistage cluster sampling design was used to sample human...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/tru086
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Streptococcal infection remains almost the sole cause of the clinical syndrome of acute glomerulonephritis in African children. Evidence for this is in elevated levels of antistreptolysin "O" (ASO) titre in 93% of 28 patients and growth of Group Abeta haemolytic streptococci from the skin and throat in 32%. Spread of ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(77)90016-5
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A survey for Schistosoma intercalatum conducted in Kinshasa, Zaire, in September 1994 revealed a prevalence of 3.6% (n = 167). Three isolates of schistosomes were made by exposing Bulinus wrighti to miracidia hatched from eggs collected from 2 infected children. Characterization of the isolates by biochemical (isoenzy...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(97)90068-7
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Examination of 97 rats trapped in Port Moresby and Lae on the mainland of Papua New Guinea and in Rabaul, East New Britain Province, showed that 12.4% were infected by Angiostrongylus cantonensis. Larval An. cantonensis were found in Achatina fulica snails collected at these towns, from the Ramu Valley near Madang on ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(84)90017-8
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rickettsia tsutsugamushi isolations were attempted from blood samples obtained from rats captured in four adjacent habitats near Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Antibody surveys were also made. Rickettsial infections were most frequent in rats captured in the forest and in lalang grass (Imperata cylindrica) and least frequent...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(77)90142-0
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A seroepidemiological survey of bancroftian filariasis was carried out in 2 townships in Sri Lanka with the objectives of determining the microfilaraemia rates, dependence on age and sex, susceptibility to re-infection, effect of diethylcarbamazine therapy on serum antibodies to microfilarial surface antigens, and the...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(89)90511-7
更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vector competence of Aedes aegypti populations from six locations in different bioclimatic zones and habitats of Senegal was assessed for sylvatic (ArD 140875) and epidemic (ArA 6894) dengue 2 virus (DENV-2) isolates. F1 generation mosquitoes were fed with a blood meal containing 10(6.5) and 1.6 x 10(7) tissue culture...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.02.010
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A study was undertaken to assess the role of cockroaches as potential carriers of human intestinal parasites in Addis Ababa and Ziway, Ethiopia. A total of 6480 cockroaches were trapped from the two localities from October 2006 to March 2007. All the cockroaches trapped in Addis Ababa (n=2240) and almost 50% (2100/424...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.05.009
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A study was conducted in Mathias Hospital, Yeji, an area of Ghana, where snake bite cases are an important cause of morbidity and mortality, with a case fatality rate of 11% (8/72). Case management difficulties included uncertainty about the assessment of the severity of envenoming, the dosage of antivenom, and the re...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0035-9203(03)00065-8
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using IFAT, it has been shown that isolated egg-shells and uterine fluid of Dipetalonema viteae are the most potent antigens in heterologous systems using human sera from patients infected with Wuchereria bancrofti, Onchocerca volvulus and Loa loa, as well as in homologous systems using sera from animals infected with...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(79)90045-2
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:National tuberculosis control programmes (NTPs) in sub-Saharan Africa do not routinely record or report treatment outcome data on smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients. Twelve-month treatment outcome on patients with smear-negative PTB registered in all district and mission hospitals in Malawi during th...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(99)90153-0
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A hypervariable deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) probe was isolated by screening a Leishmania donovani genomic DNA library with L. donovani total DNA. The probe was used to characterize L. donovani stocks on the basis of restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). The molecular karyotype of the same stocks was exami...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(89)90377-5
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A simple radioisotope scanner was used in a study of liver diseases in The Gambia. Scans were of value in localizing areas for biopsy or aspiration and in defining the liver in the presence of gross ascites. Although the scan was not helpful in diagnosis it provided a measure of the size of filling defects during trea...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(85)90065-3
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A community-based intervention trial was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of alphamethrin-impregnated bed nets for control of Plasmodium vivax malaria and its vector in an area of moderate endemicity in southern Henan province, central China in 1990. Malaria incidence was significantly lower in the interventi...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(94)90199-6
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The dog infected with Brugia pahangi is an excellent model for studying the clinical and immunological pathogenesis of lymphatic filarial infection and disease. Dogs demonstrated a range of clinical changes including varying levels of microfilaraemia, episodic lymphadenopathy, lymphangitis, and limb oedema similar to ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(89)90394-5
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Toxoplasmosis is an anthropozoonotic disease endemic world-wide, caused by the apicomplexan Toxoplasma gondii. Although the course of infection is generally benign, it can cause significant morbidity and mortality in the developing fetus and in immunocompromised individuals. Biological diagnosis classically relies upo...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90078-7
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leptospirosis was confirmed by the Leptospira Laboratory in 138 hospital patients on Barbados between early November 1979 and the end of 1982 (annual average 43.6 cases). These were the great majority of severe cases occurring on the island during that time. The crude incidence rate ranged between 15 and 23 per 100,00...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(84)90216-5
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The spread of chloroquine resistance throughout the world poses a major problem in combating malaria. In the present study, an efficient polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformational polymorphism (PCR--SSCP)-based assay detected the PfCRT K76T point mutation, which is a marker for chloroquine resistance. For ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2005.05.020
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) are being procured and used in increasing numbers. However, the resultant effect of RDT-based diagnosis on fever management has been limited by lack of confidence in RDT results or the inability to act on results appropriately. If the utilisation of malaria RDTs is going to achieve...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.05.007
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A variety of neurological manifestations of infection with Burkholderia pseudomallei have been described including cerebral abscesses, which are a well-recognized form of neurological melioidosis. The optimal antibiotic therapy for this condition has not been defined; however, combinations of intravenous antibiotics a...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90248-8
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The blood pressure patterns of three Kenyan communities have been studied: 861 members of the Luo tribe in a rural community, 281 members of the Kamba tribe in a rural community and 310 "urban" Luo living in Nairobi. The slope of linear regression of blood pressure with age was significantly different in each populati...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(85)90390-6
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
