Abstract：
:In order to understand better the relationship among Mycobacterium leprae, its transmission and the human host or the chain of infection which may lead to the development of leprosy, we performed a population survey in which nasal carriage of M. leprae was determined by a specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), 2 years after an earlier survey in the same population. 1923 persons were registered, 1171 were clinically examined for signs of leprosy, and 418 were tested by PCR. The detection rate of leprosy in the study area had not changed significantly during the 2 years' observation period since the introduction of multi-drug therapy, i.e. 6/1000 compared to 7.7/1000 2 years before. Of 6 newly detected cases, 5 were diagnosed as having paucibacillary leprosy. The presence of M. leprae could be demonstrated by PCR in 2.9% (12/418) of the persons. PCR positivity was not persistent over the 2 years. All the PCR positive persons identified in the first survey were negative in the second, indicating that M. leprae nasal carriage is transient. As in the previous survey, we found evidence for widespread M. leprae nasal carriage as determined by PCR among the general population in an area in which leprosy is endemic. In addition, our data indicated that PCR positivity can occur in certain clusters in the community. This clustering seems to be time-dependent, not necessarily related to the presence of patients.
journal_name
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hygauthors
Hatta M,van Beers SM,Madjid B,Djumadi A,de Wit MY,Klatser PRdoi
10.1016/0035-9203(95)90018-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-07-01 00:00:00pages
381-5issue
4eissn
0035-9203issn
1878-3503journal_volume
89pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Toxoplasma gondii antibodies were found in the sera of 22.86% of people in the Jos area of Plateau State, Nigeria. The incidence of antibodies in Nigerian food animals was 17.40%, the highest being in sheep (21.92%) and lowest in goats (13.88%). Cattle and horses were roughly equally infected--about 17.0%. The zoonoti...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(85)90223-8
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The sickle cell gene was first described in India in a tribal population in the south, leading to the belief that it was confined to tribal groups. The present study confirms that it is widespread in the state of Orissa and spreads throughout Hindu society, being more common in upper and scheduled castes than in triba...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(87)90239-2
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microsporidiosis in AIDS patients has emerged as an important cause of morbidity, but diagnosis requires special stains, equipment and expertise. Here we describe a modification to an existing staining technique to allow more rapid preparation, without additional equipment, facilitating research in the tropics into th...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(01)90093-8
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Response to treatment with organic pentavalent antimonials, the standard first-line treatment for visceral leishmaniasis (VL), has been decreasing since their introduction into India. Combining sodium stibogluconate (SB) with paromomycin (PM) may be an efficient alternative to single-agent therapy. This trial was desi...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(00)90130-5
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus was evaluated in blood donors and antenatal clinic attenders in Kumasi, Ghana and seropositive subjects were tested for hepatitis C virus ribonucleic acid by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The overall seroprevalence among Ghanaians was 2.8% but there was a significantly hi...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(98)90887-2
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A survey of 102 blind and 218 deaf children in 2 specialized schools in Guatemala revealed distinctly different age-intensity profiles of infection with the intestinal helminth, Trichuris trichiura. In the school for the deaf, intensity (measured as eggs per gram of stool) peaked in the children 7 to 8 years old and d...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(89)90285-x
更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microfilariae of Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia pahangi were killed by the chewing action of the cibarial and pharyngeal armatures and other papillae and spines in the fore-gut of mosquitoes. The proportion of ingested microfilariae that were killed was largely dependent on the presence and shape of the cibarial arma...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(78)90128-1
更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Preserved sera from patients with various forms of leishmaniasis, acute and chronic Chagas's disease and from normal individuals were examined for the presence of IgG and IgA antibodies by the IFA test. The leishmanial antigen used in the IFA test was prepared from a hamster infected with the PH8 strain of Leishmania ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(81)90329-1
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report the results of a short study of the epidemiology of Leishmania tropica in the Sheikh Maksoud District of Aleppo, Syria. The present and past status of infection in a community of about 100,000 people are assessed from prevalence and incidence data obtained by active and passive case detection, and from a ski...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(93)90111-3
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A cohort of 250 Ghanaian schoolchildren aged 5-15 years was followed clinically and parasitologically for 4 months in 1997/98 in order to study the effect of asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infections on haematological indices and bone-marrow responses. Of the 250 children 65 met the predefined study criteria. Thus...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(99)90073-1
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In developing countries, micronutrient deficiencies are common and associated with poor pregnancy outcomes, which may in turn have longer-term effects on human health. The peri-conceptional period represents a particularly sensitive window of feto-placental development, during which suboptimal maternal micronutrition ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2007.09.018
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The immune response in a 49-year-old Italian nun affected by Tetrapetalomena (Dipetalonema) perstans following an eight-year stay in Cameroon is reported. On admission the patient presented with polyarthralgia, conjunctival pruritus and irritation, oedema of the limbs, generalized itching, hypereosinophilia and low to...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(84)90069-5
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The genetic polymorphism of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis detected in cases of mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) from HIV-infected and non HIV-infected patients was evaluated. Nine samples from three HIV-infected patients and five samples from five non HIV-infected patients were analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2012.07.007
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Data on malaria transmission intensity and prevalences of asexual parasites and of gametocytes were obtained in an urban district of Yaoundé, Cameroon. The transmission level from mosquito to human was determined by indoor night capture of mosquitoes on human volunteers, revealing a calculated entomological inoculatio...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(03)90059-9
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mapping an area at risk of epidemics of meningococcal meningitis in Africa has significant implications for their prevention and case treatment, through the targeted development of improved surveillance systems and control policies. Such an area was described using information obtained from published and unpublished r...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90089-1
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The compounds derived from the Chinese medicinal plant qinghao (Artemisia annua) are the most rapidly acting of all antimalarial drugs. They are effective when given parenterally, orally or by suppository. No serious adverse effect has yet been reported in humans. The artemisinin derivatives already have an establishe...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(94)90459-6
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dengue occurred sporadically in Bangladesh from 1964 until a large epidemic in 2000 established the virus. We trace dengue from the time it was first identified in Bangladesh and identify factors favourable to future dengue haemorrhagic fever epidemics. The epidemic in 2000 was likely due to introduction of a dengue v...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/trstmh/trv067
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A study was carried out to assess the patterns of resistance and occurrence of DHFR/DHPS genotypes of Plasmodium falciparum prior to the adoption of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) as first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria in Tanzania. Children under five years (n = 117) with clinical, uncomplicated malaria wer...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2003.10.010
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:By microinjection of cryopreserved microfilariae (mf) into nulliparous flies, a comparison of the lengths of the infective larvae (L3) of Onchocerca volvulus and O. ochengi from the head of Simulium damnosum s.l. (presumed S. sirbanum) has been made. The suitability of S. sirbanum as a host was similar for both Onchoc...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(92)90443-g
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:963 sera from contacts, persons from various localities, and blood donors were examined with a commercially produced kit for micro-immunofluorescence for the presence of antibodies to Rickettsia conorii. 10.6% of sera were serologically positive. The higher rates of positivity were observed in sera of contacts (19%) a...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(84)90163-9
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quinine (n = 246) was used to treat uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum and chloroquine (n = 130) was used to treat P. vivax, in a total of 376 episodes of malaria in the first trimester of pregnancy, in 300 Karen women (Thailand, 1995-2000). Parasites were still present on day 6 or 7 in 4.7% (11/234) of episodes trea...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90297-x
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reviews peer-reviewed publications and book chapters on the history, epidemiology, genetics, ecology, pathogenesis, pathology and management of podoconiosis (endemic non-filarial elephantiasis). Podoconiosis is a non-infectious geochemical elephantiasis caused by exposure of bare feet to irritant alkalic ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2007.08.013
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Hump-nosed pit vipers (Hypnale hypnale) are highly venomous snakes found in Sri Lanka and the Western Ghats region of India. They are the most common cause of venomous snakebites in Sri Lanka, mainly causing local envenoming leading to pain, swelling and necrosis. Systemic envenoming causing acute kidney inj...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/trstmh/try120
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The direct agglutination test (DAT) has been assessed as a diagnostic procedure for visceral leishmaniasis. Fifty-six of 58 sera (96.5%) from confirmed cases of visceral leishmaniasis, whose bone marrow aspirates contained Leishmania donovani amastigotes, had agglutinating antibodies above the cut-off titre of 1:800. ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(93)90125-a
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) was first reported in Pakistan over 30 years ago from the remote north-eastern Himalayan region. Sporadic cases are now widely reported from the Northern Areas, part of North-West Frontier Province (NWFP) and Punjab Province, together with Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK). Two hundred and thirt...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(95)90644-4
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Growth of Giardia intestinalis in TYI-S-33 medium containing a sub-lethal concentration of metronidazole over a period of 66 weeks selected a line of organisms that was over 8 times less sensitive to the drug. This resistance was unstable and the organisms reverted to their original sensitivity within 22 weeks of grow...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(88)90278-7
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper reports on adverse reactions following a 12-day course of 6 mg/kg diethylcarbamazine (DEC) therapy in brugian filariasis patients in Indonesia. Microfilaria-positive individuals (n = 26), 'endemic normals' (n = 12) and elephantiasis patients (n = 17) were included in the study. Fever, headache and body ache...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0035-9203(99)90194-3
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Commercially available bovine liver catalase has been used to supplement chemically defined medium for growth of Trypanosoma cruzi. The protein extract was found to be contaminated with 25 to 30 protein bands as well as DNA and RNA polymers. ...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(87)90266-5
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review suggests that we are on the threshold of a new epoch in the control of ticks and the diseases transmitted by them. Ecological studies of parasitic and non-parasitic stages of the tick life cycle have shown how strategic dipping can lead to effective control of Boophilus ticks. However, this approach can le...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0035-9203(89)90603-2
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A multiplex real-time PCR assay for the detection and quantification of Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium DNA in faecal samples was developed and evaluated as an alternative diagnostic method to study the epidemiology of schistosomiasis. Primers and probes targeting the cytochrome c oxidase gene were designed for...
journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.trstmh.2007.10.011
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
