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Yellow fever risk assessment in the Central African Republic.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Starting in 2008, the Central African Republic (CAR) experienced an unprecedented number of reported yellow fever (YF) cases. A risk assessment of YF virus (YFV) activity was conducted to estimate potential disease risk and vaccine needs. METHODS:A multistage cluster sampling design was used to sample humans, non-human primates, and mosquitoes in distinct ecologic zones. Humans and non-human primates were tested for YFV-specific antibodies; mosquitoes were tested for YFV RNA. RESULTS:Overall, 13.3% (125/938) of humans were found to have naturally-acquired YFV antibodies. Antibody levels were higher in zones in the southern and south central regions of CAR. All sampled non-human primates (n=56) were known YFV reservoirs; one tested positive for YFV antibodies. Several known YF vectors were identified including Aedes africanus, Ae. aegypti, Ae. luteocephalus, and Ae. simpsoni. Several more urban locations were found to have elevated Breateau and Container indices for Ae. aegypti. CONCLUSIONS:A country-wide assessment of YF risk found YFV to be endemic in CAR. The potential for future YF cases and outbreaks, however, varied by ecologic zone. Improved vaccination coverage through mass campaign and childhood immunization was recommended to mitigate the YF risk.

journal_name

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg

journal_title

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors

Staples JE,Diallo M,Janusz KB,Manengu C,Lewis RF,Perea W,Yactayo S,Sall AA,RCA Risk Assessment Team.

doi

10.1093/trstmh/tru086

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-10-01 00:00:00

pages

608-15

issue

10

eissn

0035-9203

issn

1878-3503

pii

tru086

journal_volume

108

pub_type

杂志文章

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