Abstract:
:We studied peripheral lymphocyte HPRT variant frequency and endogenous nitrosation in human populations exposed to various nitrate levels in their drinking water. Four test populations of women volunteers were compared. Low and medium tap water nitrate exposure groups (14 and 21 subjects) were using public water supplies with nitrate levels of 0.02 and 17.5 mg/l, respectively. Medium and high well water nitrate exposure groups (6 and 9 subjects) were using private water wells with mean nitrate levels of 25 and 135 mg/l, respectively. Higher nitrate intake by drinking water consumption resulted in a dose-dependent increase in 24-hr urinary nitrate excretion and in increased salivary nitrate and nitrite levels. The mean log variant frequency of peripheral lymphocytes was significantly higher in the medium well water exposure group than in the low and medium tap water exposure groups. An inverse correlation between peripheral lymphocyte labeling index and nitrate concentration of drinking water was observed. Analysis of N-nitrosamine in the urine of 22 subjects by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed the presence of N-nitrosopyrrolidine in 18 subjects. Analysis of the mutagenicity of well water samples showed that a small number of the well water samples were mutagenic in the Ames Salmonella typhimurium test after concentration over XAD-2 resin. In conclusion, consumption of drinking water, especially well water, with high nitrate levels can imply a genotoxic risk for humans as indicated by increased HPRT variant frequencies and by endogenous formation of carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds from nitrate-derived nitrite.
journal_name
Environ Health Perspectjournal_title
Environmental health perspectivesauthors
van Maanen JM,Welle IJ,Hageman G,Dallinga JW,Mertens PL,Kleinjans JCdoi
10.1289/ehp.96104522subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-05-01 00:00:00pages
522-8issue
5eissn
0091-6765issn
1552-9924journal_volume
104pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Several organophosphate and organochlorine compounds, including pesticides commonly found in the Great Lakes basin, have the potential to induce immunotoxicity. Because of biomagnification and accumulation in the food chain, Great Lakes residents may inadvertently be exposed to these compounds and thus face increased ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.95103s955
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.961041084
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.5936
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.101-1521140
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.0901389
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess levels of chlorinated contaminants in breast milk, we measured organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in breast milk samples collected in 1994 according to the World Health Organization protocol from 92 donors...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.98106797
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.95103s8177
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.8771171
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.887723
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.98106739
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7933101
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7720257
更新日期:1977-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/EHP806
更新日期:2017-07-05 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.94102s1283
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.11117
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/EHP6263
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.94102s799
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1306925
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.0901731
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.0010821
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1002231
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traditional models of toxicity have relied on dissecting chemical action into pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes. However, the integration of genomic information with toxicology will enhance our basic understanding of these processes and significantly change the way we apply toxicological information to ris...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.02110s6919
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aluminum lactate [Al(lact)3] (hydrophilic, hydrolytically unstable) and aluminum acetylacetonate [Al(acae)3] (lipophilic, hydrolytically stable) were tested as potential toxicants to rabbits upon IV administration both as aqueous solutions and as liposome suspensions. Both chemicals behaved as cardiotoxic agents when ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.9089217
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1289/EHP2580.]. ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.1289/EHP4002
更新日期:2018-07-05 00:00:00
abstract::A comparative analysis was performed of the phenotype and function of peripheral blood leukocytes of two age-matched cohorts of industrial workers in chemical plants, one of which was exposed occupationally to high concentrations of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Median actual TCDD burdens were 116 ng/kg ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.98106701
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.11111
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate are sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) inhibitors that block iodide uptake into the thyroid, thus affecting thyroid function. Thyroid dysfunction can adversely affect somatic growth and development in children. To our knowledge, no studies have examined effects of NIS inhibit...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1409309
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper reports the results of a comprehensive survey of the effects of the accidental release of radiation caused by the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power station in April 1986. The accident and the resulting release of radiation and radioactive products into the atmosphere produced the most serious environm...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.93101s2117
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Modern toxicology is shifting from an observational to a mechanistic science. As part of this shift, high-throughput toxicity assays are being developed using alternative, nonmammalian species to prioritize chemicals and develop prediction models of human toxicity. METHODS:The nematode Caenorhabditis elegan...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1409645
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.11533
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00