Abstract:
:1. Excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) in parasympathetic preganglionic neurons (PGNs) were examined by the use of the whole cell patch-clamp recording technique in slice preparations of the neonatal rat lumbosacral spinal cord. Synaptic responses were evoked in PGNs by extracellular stimulation of a neighboring interneuron. 2. Stimulation of interneurons medial to the sacral parasympathetic nucleus (SPN) elicited EPSCs or inhibitory postsynaptic currents in 58 and 11%, respectively, of PGNs. Stimulation of interneurons dorsal to the SPN evoked EPSCs in 70% of PGNs. 3. EPSCs occurred at short latency (2.1 ms) and were usually elicited in an all-or-none manner, indicating that they were monosynaptic and mediated by a single interneuron (i.e., unitary). 4. EPSCs were mediated by both non-N-methyl-D-aspartate (non-NMDA) and NMDA receptors. 5. Unitary excitatory postsynaptic potentials evoked by single stimuli did not induce action potentials in PGNs, but repetitive stimulation (> 20 Hz) of the single interneurons could evoke firing of PGNs. 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate, an NMDA receptor antagonist, reduced the synaptic depolarization induced in PGNs by high-frequency interneuronal impulses. 6. EPSCs mediated by dorsal interneurons were smaller in amplitude (36.3 +/- 15.7 pA, mean +/- SD) than EPSCs mediated by medial interneurons (88.4 +/- 45.7 pA). 7. Paired-pulse facilitation of EPSCs was observed in PGNs (147.2 +/- 26.2%). The degree of facilitation was higher in dorsal (174.6 +/- 10.3%) than in medial interneuronal pathways (120.9 +/- 3.6%). Within each of interneuronal pathways the degree of facilitation was independent of the magnitude of the unitary EPSC. 8. The results show that PGNs receive monosynaptic glutamatergic excitatory inputs from two distinct populations of interneurons in the dorsal and medial regions of the SPN. These two populations of interneurons are likely to have different functions in the regulation of the preganglionic outflow to the pelvic organs.
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Araki I,De Groat WCdoi
10.1152/jn.1996.76.1.215subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-07-01 00:00:00pages
215-26issue
1eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598journal_volume
76pub_type
杂志文章abstract::1. The simplicity of the jellyfish nervous system makes it an ideal preparation to assess the contributions of different ion channels to behavior. In the giant motor axons of the jellyfish Aglantha digitale, low-threshold spikes elicit slow swimming, whereas escape swimming depends on a higher-threshold, overshooting ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1993.69.3.894
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synaptic currents are frequently assumed to make a major contribution to the extracellular field potential (EFP). However, in any neuronal population, the explicit separation of synaptic sources from other contributions such as postsynaptic spikes remains a challenge. Here we take advantage of the simple organization ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00648.2017
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dendritic voltage-dependent currents and inhibition modulate the information flow between synaptic and decision areas. Subthreshold and spike currents are sequentially recruited by synaptic potentials in the apical shaft of pyramidal cells, which may also decide cell output. We studied the global role of proximal apic...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00686.2004
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Distractions affect postural control, but this mechanism is not well understood. Diversion of resources during cognitive stress may lead to decreased motor drive and postural muscle tone. This may appear as decreased postural stiffness and increased postural sway amplitude. We hypothesized that dual tasking leads to d...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00820.2009
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the hallmarks of cognitive control is the suppression of prepotent but inappropriate responses. Here we used event-related functional MRI to measure functional brain activation during a stimulus-response incompatibility task. Subjects were instructed before a stimulus appeared either to look at the stimulus (pr...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00471.2004
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This research was guided by the working hypothesis that the aging auditory system progressively loses its ability to process rapid acoustic transients efficiently, and in elderly listeners, this results in difficulties in speech perception. Neural correlates of age-related deficits in temporal processing were investig...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2002.88.2.565
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spinal cord has been well established as the site of generation of the locomotor rhythm in vertebrates, but studies have suggested that the caudal hindbrain in larval fish and amphibians can also generate locomotor rhythms. Here, we investigated whether the caudal hindbrain of the adult lamprey ( Petromyzon marinu...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00851.2017
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::During object manipulation, grip force is coordinated with load force, which is primarily determined by object kinematics. Proximal arm kinematics may affect grip force control, as proximal segment motion could affect control of distal hand muscles via biomechanical and/or neural pathways. The aim of this study was to...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00227.2015
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To further understand the excitatory effects of motoneurons on spinal network function, we investigated the entrainment of disinhibited rhythms by ventral root (VR) stimulation in the neonatal mouse spinal cord. A brief train of stimuli applied to a VR triggered bursting reliably in 31/32 experiments. The same roots t...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.90740.2008
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Limb movement-related neurons in the cerebellar nuclei (CN) typically produce bursts of discharge in association with movement. Consequently, given the inhibitory nature of the Purkinje cell (PC) projection to CN, it is puzzling that only a minority of movement-related PCs pause; the majority burst. Some of the moveme...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00603.2004
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously shown that the Coriolis torques that result when an arm movement is performed during torso rotation do not affect movement trajectory. Our purpose in the present study was to examine whether torso motion-induced Coriolis and other interaction torques are counteracted during a turn and reach (T&R) mo...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00104.2012
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Postembryonic developmental changes in electrophysiological properties of the AIY interneuron class were investigated using whole cell voltage clamp. AIY interneurons displayed an increase in cell capacitance during larval development, whereas steady-state current amplitude did not increase. The time course of the out...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00052.2006
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The suppressive action of a moving textured background on responses to moving bars was investigated in 118 striate neurons, 19 dorsal lateral geniculate neurons, and 5 perigeniculate neurons in paralyzed and anesthetized cats. In standard conditions the background was a two-dimensional (2D) noise pattern, the bar move...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1987.57.6.1767
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Using patch-clamp methods, we show that brief prepulses to very positive voltages increase (facilitate) the amplitude of current through Ca2+ channels during a subsequent test pulse in some, but not all, dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons. The amplitude of this facilitated current generally increases when t...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1995.73.5.1793
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::6-((4,4-difluoro-5,7-dimethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene-3-propionyl)amino)hexanoic acid ryanodine (BODIPY-ryanodine) binding and Ca(2+) imaging were used to study the properties of ryanodine receptors (RyRs) and cytoplasmic Ca(2+) (Ca) changes in neurons cultured from the embryonic rat hippocampus during the earli...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2002.88.3.1077
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regeneration of a cut muscle nerve fails to restore the stretch reflex, and the companion paper to this article [Alvarez FJ, Titus-Mitchell HE, Bullinger KL, Kraszpulski M, Nardelli P, Cope TC. J Neurophysiol (August 10, 2011). doi:10.1152/jn.01095.2010] suggests an important central contribution from substantial and ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01097.2010
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intense itch and urge to scratch are the major symptoms of many chronic skin ailments, which are increasingly common. Vicious itch-scratch cycles are readily established and may diminish quality of life for those afflicted. We investigated peripheral and central processing of two types of itch sensation elicited by sk...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00070.2006
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The physiological properties of cells in the superior olivary complex (SOC) were studied in 400-microns brain slices taken through the mouse auditory brain stem. Coronal sections were prepared from fresh brain tissue and were placed fully submerged in an oxygenated saline solution. The boundaries of the medial nucl...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1991.65.2.230
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of stimulation of the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LDT) on the activity of single neurons in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus was studied in rats anesthetized with urethan. The LDT is the largest aggregation of cholinergic neurons in the brain stem that project to the thalamus, and in the rat is suf...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1986.56.5.1297
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rod signals traverse several synapses en route to cone bipolar cells. In one pathway, rods communicate directly with cones via gap junctions. In a second pathway, signals flow rods-rod bipolars-AII amacrines-cone bipolars. The relative contribution of each pathway to retinal function is not well understood. Here we ha...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00597.2004
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cortical activity contributes significantly to the high variability of sensory responses of interconnected pyramidal neurons, which has crucial implications for sensory coding. Yet, largely because of technical limitations of in vivo intracellular recordings, the coupling of a pyramidal neuron's synaptic inputs to the...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00398.2017
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Baclofen increases transient light responses of amacrine and ganglion cells despite acting as a classical inhibitory transmitter to both hyperpolarize and shunt these cells. 2. This effect seems to occur at the level of the inner retina and appears not to be due to an additional input from bipolar cells. 3. In some...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1989.61.2.382
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The inferior temporal cortex (IT) of the monkey, a final stage in the ventral visual pathway, has been known to process information on two-dimensional (2-D) shape, color, and texture. On the other hand, the dorsal visual pathway leading to the posterior parietal cortex has been known to process information on location...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.84.1.120
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experiments have been carried out on the soleus muscle and its tendon in the anesthetized cat. Measurements of isometric tension and muscle stiffness were made during contraction of whole or part of the muscle in response to stimulation of ventral root filaments. In an attempt to determine the distribution of tension ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1984.52.3.459
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in temperature of up to several degrees have been reported in different brain regions during various behaviors or in response to environmental stimuli. We investigated temperature sensitivity of dopaminergic neurons of the rat substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), an area important for motor and emotional cont...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00066.2005
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lateral hypothalamus (LH) and the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) exert an influence on ingestive behavior and are reciprocally connected to gustatory and viscerosensory areas, including the nucleus of the solitary tract (NST) and the parabrachial nuclei (PbN). We investigated the effects of LH and CeA stimu...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00828.2004
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite its widespread use, high-resolution imaging with multiphoton microscopy to record neuronal signals in vivo is limited to the surface of brain tissue because of limited light penetration. Moreover, most imaging studies do not simultaneously record electrical neural activity, which is, however, crucial to unders...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00005.2015
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We performed a whole-body mapping study of the effect of unilateral muscle vibration, eliciting spindle Ia firing, on the control of standing and walking in humans. During quiet stance, vibration applied to various muscles of the trunk-neck system and of the lower limb elicited a significant tilt in whole body postura...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00764.2006
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and protein kinase C (PKC) are two major modulators of synaptic transmission in the CNS but little is known about how they affect synaptic transmission in the human CNS. In this study, we used forskolin, a PKA activator, and phorbol ester, a PKC activator, to examine the effects of ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01031.2002
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. To test whether the cerebellum is involved in compensating for orbital nonlinearities, we recorded discharges of saccadic burst neurons in the fastigial oculomotor region (FOR) during both centrifugal and centripetal saccades in two trained macaque monkeys. 2. We also investigated the metrics of centrifugal and cen...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1994.71.5.1976
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00