Abstract：
:Despite its widespread use, high-resolution imaging with multiphoton microscopy to record neuronal signals in vivo is limited to the surface of brain tissue because of limited light penetration. Moreover, most imaging studies do not simultaneously record electrical neural activity, which is, however, crucial to understanding brain function. Accordingly, we developed a photometric patch electrode (PME) to overcome the depth limitation of optical measurements and also enable the simultaneous recording of neural electrical responses in deep brain regions. The PME recoding system uses a patch electrode to excite a fluorescent dye and to measure the fluorescence signal as a light guide, to record electrical signal, and to apply chemicals to the recorded cells locally. The optical signal was analyzed by either a spectrometer of high light sensitivity or a photomultiplier tube depending on the kinetics of the responses. We used the PME in Oregon Green BAPTA-1 AM-loaded avian auditory nuclei in vivo to monitor calcium signals and electrical responses. We demonstrated distinct response patterns in three different nuclei of the ascending auditory pathway. On acoustic stimulation, a robust calcium fluorescence response occurred in auditory cortex (field L) neurons that outlasted the electrical response. In the auditory midbrain (inferior colliculus), both responses were transient. In the brain-stem cochlear nucleus magnocellularis, calcium response seemed to be effectively suppressed by the activity of metabotropic glutamate receptors. In conclusion, the PME provides a powerful tool to study brain function in vivo at a tissue depth inaccessible to conventional imaging devices.
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Hirai Y,Nishino E,Ohmori Hdoi
10.1152/jn.00005.2015subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-06-01 00:00:00pages
3930-42issue
10eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598pii
jn.00005.2015journal_volume
113pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:There is considerable research on the neurobiological mechanisms within the hippocampal system that support spatial navigation. In this article I review the literature on navigational strategies in humans and animals, observations on hippocampal function in navigation, and studies of hippocampal neural activity in ani...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1152/jn.00005.2017
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Effects of deafferentation of the tooth pulps of the posterior mandibular teeth were studied in single neurons recorded in the ipsilateral subnucleus caudalis of the trigeminal (V) spinal tract nucleus of adult cats and kittens. The functional properties of neurons in each anesthetized animal were determined electr...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.1989.61.6.1197
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In many regions of the vertebrate brain, microcircuits generate local recurrent activity that aids in the processing and encoding of incoming afferent inputs. Local recurrent activity can amplify, filter, and temporally and spatially parse out incoming input. Determining how these microcircuits function is of great in...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.01046.2015
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Three parallel maps of the distribution of tuberous electroreceptor inputs are found in the medullary electrosensory lateral line lobe (ELL) of weakly electric fish. Pyramidal cells in each map are known to respond differentially to the frequency of amplitude modulations (AMs) of external electric fields in vivo. W...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.1996.76.4.2364
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the past decade neuroscientific research has attempted to probe the neurobiological underpinnings of human prosocial decision making. Such research has almost ubiquitously employed tasks such as the dictator game or similar variations (i.e., ultimatum game). Considering the explicit numerical nature of such tasks...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.00372.2017
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The excitotoxic theory of Parkinson's disease (PD) hypothesizes that a pathophysiological degeneration of dopaminergic neurons stems from neural hyperactivity at early stages of disease, leading to mitochondrial stress and cell death. Recent research has harnessed the visual system of Drosophila PD models to probe thi...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.00681.2017
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inactivation permits direct assessment of the functional contribution of a given brain area to behavior. Previous inactivation studies of the frontal eye field (FEF) have either used large permanent ablations or reversible pharmacological techniques that only inactivate a small volume of tissue. Here we evaluated the ...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.00398.2013
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanisms underlying the depression of evoked fast excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) following superfusion with medium deprived of oxygen and glucose (in vitro ischemia) for a 4-min period in hippocampal CA1 neurons were investigated in rat brain slices. The amplitude of evoked fast EPSCs decreased by 85 +...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.2001.86.3.1095
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spinal cord direct current stimulation (sDCS) has the potential for promoting motor function after injury through its modulatory actions on sensory processing, reflex functions, the motor cortex (M1) motor map, and motor output. Here we addressed systems-level mechanisms underlying sDCS neuromodulation of spinal circu...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.00584.2016
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are three common ways by which to successfully terminate gait: decreased acceleration of whole-body center of mass (COM) through a flexor synergy in the trail leg, increased deceleration of whole-body COM through an extensor synergy in the front limb, and an energy/momentum transfer to dissipate any remaining mo...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.00423.2004
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our group set out to develop a sensitive technique, capable of detecting output changes from the posterior fossa following a motor acquisition task. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was applied over the right cerebellar cortex 5 ms in advance of test stimuli over the left cerebral motor cortex (M1), suppressing...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.00661.2013
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Activation of muscarinic receptors and GABA(B) receptors causes presynaptic inhibition of glutamatergic synaptic potentials at excitatory feedback connections in cortical structures. These effects may regulate dynamics in cortical structures, with presynaptic inhibition allowing extrinsic afferent input to dominate du...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.2001.86.4.1792
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The inhibitory response of exogenously applied glycine was investigated in freshly dissociated rat nucleus tractus solitarii neurons under whole cell configuration using new perforated patch-clamp technique termed "gramicidin perforated patch technique," which maintains intact intracellular Cl- concentrations. 2. U...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.1994.72.3.1103
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously reported dual effects of mu-opioids on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-receptor-mediated synaptic events in the hippocampal dentate gyrus: an indirect facilitating effect via suppression of GABAergic interneurons (disinhibition) and a direct inhibitory effect in the presence of gamma-aminobutyric acid-A...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.1997.78.2.759
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Humans with spinal cord injury (SCI) modulate locomotor output in response to limb load. Understanding the neural control mechanisms responsible for locomotor adaptation could provide a framework for selecting effective interventions. We quantified feedback and feedforward locomotor adaptations to limb load modulation...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.00604.2009
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Human flexor reflex (HFR) responses were elicited during ergometer cycling in neurologically intact humans with the objective of understanding the influence of lower limb muscle activity on phase-dependent reflex modulation during movement. The experimental setup permitted control over background muscle activity an...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.1993.69.4.1212
更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To perform goal-oriented hand movement, humans combine multiple sensory signals (e.g., vision and proprioception) that can be encoded in various reference frames (body centered and/or exo-centered). In a previous study (Tagliabue M, McIntyre J. PLoS One 8: e68438, 2013), we showed that, when aligning a hand to a remem...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.00140.2017
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Organization of spinal motor output has become of interest for investigating differential activation of lumbar and sacral motor pools during locomotor tasks. Motor pools are associated with functional grouping of motoneurons of the lower limb muscles. Here we examined how the spatiotemporal organization of lumbar and ...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.00167.2019
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Current- and voltage-clamp studies were conducted on isolated rat adrenal chromaffin cells to identify the voltage-dependent ion channels mediating inward currents. 2. Mean resting membrane potential of the isolated cells was -62 +/- 3 (SE) mV. Evoked action potentials were both Na+ and Ca2+ based, and whole cell v...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.1996.76.2.1195
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most of what we know about the neural control of gaze comes from experiments in head-fixed animals, but several "head-free" studies have suggested that fixing the head dramatically alters the apparent gaze command. We directly investigated this issue by quantitatively comparing head-fixed and head-free gaze trajectori...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.00330.2003
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. We reexamined the important areas of conflict in (1S,3R)-1-aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid [(1S,3R)-ACPD]-induced potentiation of the field excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) and, for the first time, investigated the role of mGluRs in EPSP-spike (E-S) coupling. 2. (1S,3R)-ACPD (10 microM) bath applied...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.1996.76.5.3126
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dorsal root afferent depolarization and antidromic firing were studied in isolated spinal cords of neonatal rats. Spontaneous firing accompanied by occasional bursts could be recorded from most dorsal roots in the majority of the cords. The afferent bursts were enhanced after elevation of the extracellular potassium c...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.1998.79.5.2581
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The action of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) on cone horizontal cells was studied in in vitro goldfish retinas superfused with a bicarbonate-based Ringer solution that contained D-serine (0.5 microM), a glycine analogue, but no added Mg2+. Horizontal cell light responses and electrical coupling were assessed by monito...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.1996.75.2.629
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. In the present three-part study electrophysiological techniques were used to characterize responses of afferent fibers in the rat hypogastric nerve to mechanical or chemical stimulation of the uterus, and anatomical techniques were used to identify the spinal segments through which uterine afferent fibers enter the...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.1988.59.1.142
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Little is known about the substrates for the large-scale shifts in the cortical representation produced by limb amputation. Subcortical changes likely contribute to the cortical remodeling, yet there is little data regarding the extent and pattern of reorganization in thalamus after such a massive deafferentation. Mor...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.2000.83.5.3154
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship among neonatal seizures, abnormalities of the electroencephalogram (EEG), brain injury, and long-term neurological outcome (e.g., epilepsy) remains controversial. The effects of hypoxia alone (Ha) and hypoxia-ischemia (HI) were studied in neonatal rats at postnatal day 7; both models generate EEG seiz...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.00796.2014
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neural correlates of gap detection in three auditory cortical fields in the cat. Mimimum detectable gaps in noise in humans are independent of the position of the gap, whereas in cat primary auditory cortex (AI) they are position dependent. The position dependence in other cortical areas is not known and may resolve t...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.1999.81.5.2570
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The extracellular activity of 45 antidromically identified spinocervical tract (SCT) neurons responsive to light mechanical stimulation of the glabrous surfaces of the forepaw was examined in raccoons anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium. An additional seven neurons had peripheral receptive fields (RFs) located o...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.1989.61.1.138
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The hearing ability of five Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) was assessed following two-stage bilateral auditory cortex lesions. The animals were tested using a shock-avoidance procedure with a conditioned-suppression procedure used for comparison in two cases. The animals initially were unable to respond to sound, ...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.1986.55.2.256
更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Single-unit activity of the motor cortex (area 4gamma) was studied in cats performing reaching with the contra- versus ipsilateral forelimb. Reaching was initiated by a tone burst (Go cue), different limbs were used in separate blocks of trials. During reaching performed with the contralateral limb, three types of neu...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.00720.2003
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
