Abstract:
:The pineal gland of poikilothermic vertebrates originates as an evagination from the diencephalic roof between the habenular and the posterior commissures, and associates with a parapineal organ to form the so-called pineal complex. The pinealocytes may be photosensitive, secretory or intermediate cells between both. Melatonin, the indoleamine secreted by the pineal, exhibits a circadian secretory rhythm that conveys environmental information to the organism. The peak melatonin secretion occurs during the night, although there are a few examples of an increase in indoleamine secretion during the day. Melatonin is also synthesized in other sites such as the retina, and it has been found in many invertebrates and unicellular organisms. The rhythmic secretory pattern of melatonin is responsible for many biological rhythms exhibited by lower vertebrates. These rhythms are abolished by pinealectomy in some species, but not in others, suggesting the existence of an extra-pineal pacemaker. The photoperiod and the temperature (especially in reptiles) are the main environmental factors affecting the secretory rhythm of melatonin. Poikilothermic vertebrates exhibit a circadian rhythmic color change, with nocturnal blanching, usually related to melatonin secretion. In amphibians, melatonin exhibits a potent skin lightening activity. However, in fishes and reptiles the melatonin effects vary with the species, the developmental stage, and the pigment cell location. Melatonin also exerts inhibitory or excitatory activity on the amphibian reproductive system, regulation of circadian locomotory activity in reptiles, and modulation of the amphibian metamorphosis. Melatonin has also a modulatory effect on the response of target cells to different hormones and high concentrations or prolonged exposure to the indoleamine may cause autodesensitization in various tissues. Binding sites of melatonin have been detected in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues of various vertebrates. The relative potencies of melatonin analogues demonstrated two subtypes of melatonin receptors (ML-1 and ML-2). A transmembrane melatonin receptor has been cloned from Xenopus laevis melanophores; it belongs to the family of the G protein-coupled receptors and exhibits 85% homology with the mammalian nervous system receptor. Melatonin binding sites in the nucleus of many cell types and its potent intracellular anti-oxidant action suggest mechanisms of action other than through the G-protein coupled receptor.
journal_name
J Pineal Resjournal_title
Journal of pineal researchauthors
Filadelfi AM,Castrucci AMdoi
10.1111/j.1600-079x.1996.tb00256.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-05-01 00:00:00pages
175-86issue
4eissn
0742-3098issn
1600-079Xjournal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Doxorubicin (DOX) and Trastuzumab (TRAST) are effective agents for the treatment of many neoplastic diseases. Cardiotoxicity is a major side effect of these drugs and limit their use. In this study, the possible protective effects of melatonin (MEL), mercaptoethylguanidine (MEG), or N-(3-(aminomethyl) benzyl) acetamid...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-079X.2010.00818.x
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Melatonin, a potent antioxidant, has shown to be beneficial in murine Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) virus infection. In addition, melatonin can induces the production of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), a cytokine capable of inducing increased expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase; the activity of th...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-079X.2006.00381.x
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Melatonin, an endogenous neurohormone secreted by the pineal gland, has a variety of physiological functions and neuroprotective effects. However, its protective role on the neural tube defects (NTDs) was not very clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of melatonin on the incidence of NTDs (includ...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jpi.12282
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Melatonin (MEL) has been found in some medicinal and food plants, including grapevine, a commodity of particular interest for the production of wine, a beverage of economic relevance. It has also been suggested that MEL in wine may, at least in part, contribute to the health-promoting properties attributed to this bev...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jpi.12223
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Impaired Ca2+ homeostasis and smooth muscle contractility co-exist in acute cholecystitis (AC) leading to gallbladder dysfunction. There is no pharmacological treatment for this pathological condition. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of melatonin treatment on Ca2+ signaling pathways and contractility altered by ch...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-079X.2007.00520.x
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Melatonin possesses a number of important biologic activities including oncostatic, anti-oxidant, and immunostimulatory actions. This study was designed to assess the effects of melatonin on inflammation-related gene expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), us...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-079X.2007.00452.x
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution of nerve fibers immunoreactive (IR) to catecholamine-synthesizing enzymes, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (D beta H), and phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PNMT) as well as neuropeptide Y (NPY), in the pineal gland of adult sows was investigated by the use of double-labelin...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1994.tb00109.x
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the effects of chronic melatonin treatment in vivo on several aspects of prolactin (PRL) cell activity (PRL synthesis, storage, and release) in vitro in male and female Syrian hamsters. Adult male and female hamsters were maintained on long photoperiod and treated...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1989.tb00446.x
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Liver fibrosis is scar tissue resulting from an uncontrolled wound-healing process in response to chronic liver injury. Liver damage generates an inflammatory reaction that activates hepatic stellate cells (HSC) that transdifferentiate from quiescent cells that control retinol metabolism to proliferative and migratory...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jpi.12271
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the current study, a fundamental question, that is, the mechanisms related to the beneficial effects of melatonin on mammalian embryonic development, was addressed. To examine the potential beneficial effects of melatonin on bovine embryonic development, different concentrations of melatonin (10(-11), 10(-9), 10(-7...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jpi.12126
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have studied the postnatal evolution of the glial cells in the rat pineal gland after its chemical pre- and perinatal denervation, by the assessment of the immunocytochemical expression of three antigens characteristic of glial cells i.e., vimentin (VIM), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and S-100 protein. T...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1995.tb00160.x
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::GPR50 is an orphan seven transmembrane protein related to the melatonin receptor subfamily comprising MT(1) and MT(2) receptors. In the absence of any known ligand for GPR50, other tools are critical for the characterization of this protein. Here, we describe the generation, purification and characterization of the fi...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-079X.2007.00437.x
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Melatonin secretion is an endogenous synchronizer, and it may possess some anti-aging properties. Thus we examined melatonin levels in physiological aging, in extreme senescence and in senile dementia. In healthy old (age 66-94 yr) and young subjects (age 23-39 yr) and in demented patients (age 68-91 yr) plasma melato...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-079X.2004.00125.x
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect on nocturnal melatonin secretion of acute administration of the indirectly acting serotonin (5-HT) receptor agonists d-fenfluramine (30 mg) and paroxetine (20 mg) and a partial 5-HT1A receptor agonist ipsapirone (20 mg) was investigated in healthy male volunteers and compared to a placebo condition. Each su...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1996.tb00271.x
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are functional inter-relationships between the beta cells of the endocrine pancreas and the pineal gland, where the synchronizing circadian molecule melatonin originates. The aim of this study was to elucidate a putative interaction between insulin and melatonin in diabetic patients and a diabetic rat model. We ...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-079X.2005.00287.x
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previously it has been found that pinealectomy in rats was associated with increased small bowel crypt cell proliferation. The hypothalamus is thought to play a role in the neural control of crypt cell proliferation and the pineal gland is known to be functionally connected with this component of the autonomic nervous...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1991.tb00813.x
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role played by postsynaptic alpha-adrenergic receptors in the stimulation of pineal melatonin production was investigated in the Syrian hamster. The studies were conducted using organ cultured pineal glands collected from both anatomically intact and superior cervical ganglionectomized hamsters. Results obtained i...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1989.tb00437.x
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the light sensitivity of two commercially important, phylogenetically different teleost species in terms of melatonin production. Three series of experiments were performed on both Atlantic salmon and European sea bass. First, a range of light intensities were tes...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-079X.2006.00330.x
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methamphetamine (METH) is a potent psychostimulant drug that may cause neuronal cell degeneration. The underlying mechanisms of METH-induced neuronal toxicity remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated an important role of calpain-dependent cascades in methamphetamine-induced toxicity in human dopaminer...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-079X.2009.00731.x
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Irradiation of the melatonin metabolite N(1)-acetyl-N(2)-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AFMK) with UV light of 254 nm causes the release of carbon monoxide (CO) and, thus, deformylation to N(1)-acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AMK). Liberation of CO was demonstrated by reduction of PdCl(2) to metallic palladium, under avoidan...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-079X.2007.00550.x
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, a species-dependent distribution of melatonin binding sites have been found in lamina I-V and lamina X of the spinal cord. In order to learn more about the function of spinal melatonin receptors, we investigated (i) the gene expression for melatonin receptor subtypes in lumbar and thoracal spinal cord tissue...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1600-079x.2003.00047.x
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pineal hormone melatonin has been reported to have in vitro antiproliferative effects on estrogen receptor-positive human breast cancer cell lines at concentrations near to plasma physiological concentrations (1 x 10(-11) to 1 x 10(-9) M). Its growth inhibitory actions have been thought to be linked to the estroge...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1998.tb00390.x
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of melatonin injection on Freund's adjuvant-induced changes in levels and 24-hr rhythms of circulating ACTH, growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH), and insulin was assessed in rats. Animals received subcutaneous (s.c.) injections of melatonin (30 microg) or vehicle, 1 hr before ligh...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1999.tb00592.x
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The frequency of mitoses of adrenaline (A) cells and noradrenaline (N) cells in the adrenal medulla of nonoperated (NO), sham-operated (SPX), and pinealectomized (PX) male, 53-day-old Holtzman rats (n = 133) was investigated by means of light microscopy. Animals were killed at eight time points during a standardized 2...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1990.tb00803.x
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Melatonin is a powerful antioxidant and free radical scavenger. A large body of in vivo and in vitro evidence shows that melatonin effectively inhibits membrane lipid peroxidation; this damage was based on the measurement of malondialdehyde and/or 4-hydroxynonenal levels. In the current study, for the first time using...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-079X.2005.00311.x
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Melatonin as a potent antioxidant exhibits important nutritional and medicinal values. To produce melatonin-enriched milk will benefit the consumers. In this study, a sheep bioreactor which generates melatonin-enriched milk has been successfully developed by the technology that combined CRISPR/Cas9 system and microinj...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jpi.12406
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dim light exposure of the mother during pregnancy has been proposed as one of the environmental factors that affect the fetal brain development in schizophrenia. Melatonin circulating levels are regulated by the environmental light/dark cycle. This hormone stimulates neuronal differentiation in the adult brain. Howeve...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jpi.12421
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of light on melatonin biosynthesis was examined in detached rice (Oryza sativa cv. Asahi) leaves during the senescence process. The detached leaves were exposed to senescence treatment either in constant darkness or in constant light, and subjected to HPLC analysis for melatonin and its precursors. Higher m...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-079X.2012.00976.x
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidative stress is involved in ischemia-reperfusion injury and allograft rejection after transplantation. We studied two well-known antioxidants, melatonin and ascorbic acid (AA), in relation to the survival of a pancreas transplantation model without immunosuppression. Forty-eight Landrace pigs were divided into thr...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-079X.2011.00908.x
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In healthy young men, administration of a single light pulse (5000 lux for 3 hr) or a single melatonin pill (5 mg) at 20:40 hr under controlled constant routine conditions of <10 lux, yielded a phase delay and a phase advance, respectively, in the circadian marker of dim light melatonin onset 24 hr later. Phase shifts...
journal_title:Journal of pineal research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.2004.00117.x
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00