Abstract:
:Intestinal microcirculatory disturbances play an important role in the pathophysiology of sepsis. A neural anti-inflammatory pathway has been suggested as a potential target for therapy that may dampen systemic inflammation. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of physostigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, on the intestinal microcirculation and vascular contractility in experimental endotoxemia. Endotoxemia was induced in Lewis rats by intravenous lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration. Animals were treated with either physostigmine or saline (control) following LPS challenge. The intestinal microcirculation, including leukocyte-endothelial interaction, functional capillary density (FCD) and non-perfused capillary density (NCD), was examined by intravital microscopy (IVM) 2 hours after LPS administration. The impact of physostigmine on vascular contractility of rat aortic rings was examined by in vitro myography. Physostigmine significantly reduced the number of adhering leukocytes in intestinal submucosal venules (V1 venules: -61%, V3 venules: -36%) of LPS animals. FCD was significantly increased by physostigmine treatment (circular muscle layer: +180%, longitudinal muscle layer: +162%, mucosa: +149%). Low concentrations of physostigmine produced significant contraction of aortic ring preparations, whereas high concentrations produced relaxation. In conclusion, physostigmine treatment significantly improved the intestinal microcirculation in experimental endotoxemia by reducing leukocyte adhesion and increasing FCD.
journal_name
Clin Hemorheol Microcircjournal_title
Clinical hemorheology and microcirculationauthors
Zhou J,Pavlovic D,Rüb J,Masur S,Spassov A,Whynot S,Hung O,Kern H,Saleh Abdo I,Shukla R,Cerny V,Lehmann Cdoi
10.3233/CH-131743subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-01-01 00:00:00pages
273-84issue
3eissn
1386-0291issn
1875-8622pii
J75X54X2L1282P4Gjournal_volume
56pub_type
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