Abstract:
BACKGROUND:A measurement of ametropia with a table-top mounted autorefractor can be difficult or impossible on children--especially when the children are very young or handicapped. A hand-held autorefractor, however, may be successfully applied in some of these problematic cases. METHODS:Results of comparative measurements are presented concerning the accuracy and applicability of the hand-held autorefractor. The data were obtained on healthy young adults (100 eyes) and children (age 2-10 years, 50 eyes). In the group of adults, the autorefractor readings (obtained with a Retinomax K-plus) were compared with the results of subjective refractions. The effectiveness of the technique to relax accommodation was also evaluated. All children were measured with a Retinomax in cycloplegia. Here, retinoscopy and a conventional autorefractor served as reference methods. The accuracy of measurement was analysed by using the following criteria: "Difference of the spherical equivalents" (delta SA), "difference of the cylinder powers" (delta C), "axis difference" (delta A), and "difference of the cylindrical corrections" (delta CK). RESULTS:a) Adults: On average, the spherical equivalent of the autorefractor was +0.28 D larger than the subjectively obtained value. In 88% of all cases, the difference of the spherical equivalents fell into the interval [-0.25 D, +0.75 D]. delta C and delta A were < or = +/- 0.5 D in 95% and 87% respectively. b) Children: When compared with retinoscopy, delta SA fell into the interval [-0.25 D, +0.75 D] in 72% of all cases. delta C and delta A were < or = +/- 0.5 D in 86% and 87% respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The accuracy of measurement of the handheld autorefractor is comparable to conventional table-top autorefractors. As it is also applicable in some problematic cases, such as small children, on whom objective refraction data can not be obtained with ordinary autorefractors, it seems to be a valuable addition to the existing set of ophthalmic refraction devices.
journal_name
Klin Monbl Augenheilkdjournal_title
Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkundeauthors
Wesemann W,Dick Bdoi
10.1055/s-2008-1035153subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-12-01 00:00:00pages
387-94issue
6eissn
0023-2165issn
1439-3999journal_volume
211pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In a pilot study comprising 16 eyes of 16 patients with chronic open-angle glaucoma the tonographic outflow facility was examined before and after Nd-YAG laser treatment of the trabecular meshwork. For evaluation of the facility effect of laser trabeculoplasty, the tonographic record between the third and seventh minu...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1051010
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The gold standard therapy for full-thickness macular holes (FTMH) is vitrectomy (PPV) with peeling of the internal limiting membrane (ILM), gas tamponade of the vitreous cavity and postoperative face-down positioning. Nevertheless, eyes with large macular holes (> 400 µm) and surgical failures remain difficu...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0043-121032
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Bilateral stromal corneal opacifications are a differential diagnostical challenge to identify associated systemic diseases. CASE-REPORT:A 47-year old civil engineer (height 167 cm) with bilateral stromal corneal clouding presented with visual loss for the last 27 years: VA 20/100 OD and 20/50 OS (following...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2002-35688
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::On the occasion of the 150th aniversary of Albrecht von Graefe's birthday his short but successful activity for ophthalmology is brought back to mind. Within the scape of his life-history the attempt is made to portray a man in his time and to waken his importance as ophthalmologist a significant still in our days. ...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) usually results in headaches and papilledema with infrequent loss of visual acuity. Peripapillary subretinal neovessel membranes (PSNVM) rarely complicate chronic papilledema. HISTORY AND SIGNS:Case 1: A headache-free 9-year-old boy presented with a bilateral loss of vi...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2005-857981
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are marked differences between the public health system and the private insurance system. This paper shows how to evaluate the degree of permanent disability according to "The General Rules for Private Insurances (AUVB 1965)". At the beginning the evaluation of the degree of permanent disability after the visus ...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hopeless glaucoma cases fluctuate between excessive pressures and phthisis. Due to the underlying disease (neovascularization in the chamber angle, chronic inflammation, dysgenesis, aphakia) the customary surgical pressure-lowering operations often fail and medication is also useless. As a "last-ditch" measure, there ...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1046201
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The author describes the genuine indications for the preventive treatment of retinal detachment. He was above all guided by the minute observations of the eye fundus of two eyes with the Goldmann-glass. The author's long experience and his auto-observation of the retinal detachment operation and of preventive treatmen...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1977-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lysosomal storage diseases represent a group of about 50 genetic disorders. The deficiencies of lysosomal and non-lysosomal proteins cause an accumulation of compounds which are normally degraded within the lysosome. There are currently no therapeutic options to cure patients suffering from a lysosomal storage disease...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0028-1109958
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review article focusses on the management of enhancements after corneal refractive laser surgery. Fundamental issues regarding enhancement embrace identification of the underlying reason for postoperative ametropia, assurance of stability of refraction, type of primary refractive laser treatment and thorough eval...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/a-1148-2744
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the last years electrophysiology in ophthalmology has been facilitated to a big extent by computerized methods. Thus it has become a suitable method for an increasing number of relevant diagnostic problems. To make comparisons between test results of different diagnostic places easier an international standard ...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1045575
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The orbital varix is a rare congenital disorder. Men and women are equally affected. The disease becomes usually apparent during the third decade of life. PATIENT:A 66-year old women presented with a history of progressive enophthalmos for the last 45 years and complained of intermittent headache and visual...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2003-38631
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:CASE REPORT:An eight months old child presented with a "red eye" and a corneal erosion since a week. The parents reported on a "hair" which was invisible most of the time but appeared intermittently at the lid margin. The medical history was otherwise unremarkable. In general anaesthesia, a long structure could be easi...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2003-37582
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using the laser flare-cell meter (LFMC), we have previously determined the intensity and pattern of post-ALT ocular inflammation. Inflammation peak occurs 48 hours after ALT and clinically relevant inflammation is seen in 100% of pigmentary glaucomas (PIG), 75% of pseudoexfoliative glaucomas (PEXG) but only in 25% of ...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1045765
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::By means of a new optical device developed by Reiner, an "optical implantation" of 6 different bi- and multifocal intraocular lenses (MIOLs) was performed in 20 young healthy subjects, and results were compared with those of a monofocal reference IOL. The following parameters were investigated: distance and near visua...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1045916
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 369 ophthalmological practices were asked to report the number of patients seen within one test week who drove their cars but did not satisfy minimum legal requirements for diurnal visual acuity applicable for applicants for a West German Class 3 driver's license. There were 471 such patients. From this num...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1054574
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Central areolar chorodial atrophy was first classified as a hereditary disease by Sorsby in 1935. The mode of inheritance can be both autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant. The authors present a case with autosomal dominant inheritance affecting three generations. ...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1046434
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the new generation of EYECUBE devices, the angiography image and the OCT are included in a 3D illustration as an integration. Other diagnostic procedures such as autofluorescence and ICG can also be correlated to the OCT. The aim was to precisely classify various two-dimensional findings in relation to ea...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0031-1273343
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study is to describe the effectiveness of aflibercept in treatment-naive patients with neovascular age related macular degeneration (nAMD) and the impact of patients' residential distance to the clinic and patients' mobility on therapy in a pro re nata regime. METHODS:A retrospective dataset ...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2001-15884
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::These techniques are used in far-advanced cases of glaucoma when the campimetric method is not practicable due to a considerable loss of visual field. The patient takes a mixture of glycerol and ascorbic acid as a hypotensive agent, his visual field or visual acuity and intraocular pressure are checked every 30 minute...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1055143
更新日期:1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A solar eclipse is an impressive natural phenomenon that was last experienced in Europe in 2006. Last year, on March 20th 2015, a solar eclipse was visible in much of Europe. Solar retinopathy is a recognised potentially sight threatening condition that has been associated with direct or unprotected sun gazing. Public...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0042-111727
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Focal malignant melanomas involving only the iris have a very good prognosis. Involvement of the iris and/or diffuse growth makes the prognosis worse. The prognostic parameters of diffusely growing malignant anterior uveal melanomas are analysed. PATIENTS AND METHODS:From 1981-1995 serial sections of 39 eye...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1034998
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to assess the vasoconstrictor effect of the prostaglandin F2 alpha analog latanoprost in isolated porcine ciliary arteries. MATERIAL AND METHODS:With a myograph system to measure isometric forces, porcine ciliary arteries were exposed, in a cumulative manner, to increasing concent...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2001-15904
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intraocular metastatic tumors are rare. They are seen in 10% of patients having died of a malignant tumor. Frequently metastatic tumors of the eye are not observed clinically because the may develop in the terminal stage of the disease. The most frequent primary tumor is carcinoma of the breast with 60% of all intraoc...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the treatment of center-involving diabetic macular edema, despite initial therapy with an anti-VEGF compound, an insufficient response may occur. Further therapy options include a switch of anti-VEGF products or to corticosteroid implants, such as Fluocinolone acetonide or Dexamethasone. OBJECTIVES:First...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0043-125076
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The labeled microsphere method was used to determine the blood flow in the eyes and some other tissues in conscious rabbits with unilateral section of the cervical sympathetic chain. Flow measurements were made before and after a hemorrhage corresponding to 17.3 +/- 1.6 ml/kg body weight. The mean arterial blood press...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1054472
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:First described in 1957, anterior segment ischemia (ASI) following extraocular muscle surgery for non paralytic or paralytic strabismus is a rare but serious complication. Systemic and anatomical risk factors can be identified and vesselsparing surgical techniques used. The aim of this study is to evaluate t...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1034887
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Imaging methods of the optic nerve head appear to have an increasing impact in glaucoma diagnosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the specifity of the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (software version 1.7 and 3.0) in subjects with physiological cupping and large optic discs. PATIENTS AND METHODS:27 eyes of 2...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0032-1328094
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::One hundred eighty-four glaucomatous eyes (125 patients) with visual field defects of Stage I and II in the central visual field were examined with the Octopus perimeter 201, Program 31 or 33, and were divided into 3 groups according to maximum intraocular pressures: (1) low-tension glaucoma (21 mm Hg), (2) glaucoma s...
journal_title:Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1050918
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00