Abstract:
:Nanogels are nanosized hydrogel particles formed by physical or chemical cross-linked polymer networks. The advantageous properties of nanogels related to the ability of retaining considerable amount of water, the biocompatibility of the polymers used, the ability to encapsulate and protect a large quantity of payload drugs within the nanogel matrix, the high stability in aqueous media, their stimuli responsively behavior potential, and the versatility in release drugs in a controlled manner make them very attractive for use in the area of drug delivery. The materials used for the preparation of nanogels ranged from natural polymers like ovalbumin, pullulan, hyaluronic acid, methacrylated chondroitin sulfate and chitosan, to synthetic polymers like poly (N-isopropylacrylamide), poly (Nisopropylacrylamide- co-acrylic acid) and poly (ethylene glycol)-b-poly (methacrylic acid). The porous nanogels have been finding application as anti-cancer drug and imaging agent reservoirs. Smart nanogels responding to external stimuli such as temperature, pH etc can be designed for diverse therapeutic and diagnostic applications. The nanogels have also been surface functionalized with specific ligands aiding in targeted drug delivery. This review focus on stimuli-sensitive, multi-responsive, magnetic and targeted nanogels providing a brief insight on the application of nanogels in cancer drug delivery and imaging in detail.
journal_name
Curr Pharm Desjournal_title
Current pharmaceutical designauthors
Maya S,Sarmento B,Nair A,Rejinold NS,Nair SV,Jayakumar Rdoi
10.2174/138161281941131219124142subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-01-01 00:00:00pages
7203-18issue
41eissn
1381-6128issn
1873-4286pii
CPD-EPUB-20130312-4journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Protection of the brain is strengthened by active transport and ABC transporters. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) functions as an active efflux pump by extruding a substrate from the brain, which is important for maintaining loco-regional homeostasis in the brain and protection against toxic com...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161211797440122
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hyperferritinemia is observed in one-third of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). The condition characterized by increased body iron stores associated with components of MetS has been defined as Dysmetabolic Iron Overload Syndrome (DIOS). DIOS represents the most freq...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612826666200131103018
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The large conduit arteries of the thorax and abdomen are elastic while those in the arms and legs are muscular. Alterations in wall properties of elastic arteries occur over time and are usually permanent in nature; acute changes can, however, occur is response to a change in transmural pressure. Chronic alterations i...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161209787354258
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial and long-lasting process in humans. Therefore, animal models where more rapid changes occur can be useful for the study of this process. Among such models are the apolipoprotein (apo) E knock out mice. Apo E deficient mice show impaired clearing of plasma lipoproteins and they devel...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161208783497769
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The state-of-the-art in the investigation of drugs release from Silica-based ordered Mesoporous Materials (SMMs) is reviewed. First, the SMM systems used like host matrixes are described. Then, the model drugs studied until now, including their pharmacological action, structure and the mesoporous matrix employed for e...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612822666151106121419
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) represent a serious problem in a number of countries around the world and especially in Africa and South America, affecting mostly the poor population which has limited access to the healthcare system. The drugs currently used for the treatment of NTDs are dated many decade...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1381612826666201210115340
更新日期:2020-12-09 00:00:00
abstract::Many of the most debilitating symptoms for psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia remain poorly treated. As such, the development of novel treatments is urgently needed. Unfortunately, the costs associated with high failure rates for investigational compounds as they enter clinical trials has led to pharmaceutica...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612822666160127113912
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quinolines are nitrogen heterocyclic compounds ubiquitous in nature and largely used as a structural component of dyes, solvent for resins, terpenes as well as during the production of several other chemical stuffs, including pesticides. Quinolines, such as quinine and chloroquine, exhibit various pharmacological prop...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1381612826666201006125644
更新日期:2020-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::Gene therapy may be capable of treating a variety of diseases, a prerequisite of which is the successful delivery of polynucleic acids (e.g., DNA, RNA) to a patient's cells. Delivery can be achieved technologically (e.g., using electroporation), using viruses (natural gene delivery vectors) or non-viral vectors (e.g.,...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612823666170710124137
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Early life stress is considered a risk factor for the development of many diseases in both adolescence and adulthood. It has been reported that chronic stress (for instance, due to maternal separation during breast feeding), causes damage to the central nervous system at the level of neurons and glial cells, which are...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612823666170224111641
更新日期:2018-02-12 00:00:00
abstract::A small but increasing number of gene expression based biomarkers are becoming available for routine clinical use, principally in oncology and transplantation. These underscore the potential of gene expression arrays and RNA sequencing for biomarker development, but this potential has not yet been fully realized and m...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612821666150313130256
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antiepileptic activity of α-substituted acetamides, lactams, and cyclic imides has been known for over six decades. We recently proposed an α-substituted amide group as the minimum pharmacophore responsible for inhibition of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors by these compounds, with the implication that i...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612822666160722095748
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Marine fungi with their successful pharmacological effects were considered to be the treasure of ocean medicines concerning the striking ability of their secondary metabolites. Literature over literature has been published on fungi derived bioactive molecules to probe its therapeutic potential. Marine fungi have an im...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1381612826666200728142244
更新日期:2020-07-28 00:00:00
abstract::Periodontal disease is chronic inflammation of periodontal tissues resulting in formation of periodontal pockets, periodontal attachment loss and progressive destruction of the ligament and alveolar bone. This review gives an update on periodontal disease pathogenesis, which is important for the development of novel m...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612821666150531171829
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ablation has become an important treatment for many pediatric patients with common supraventricular tachycardias (SVTs). Many multicenter studies have documented that radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation is a safe and effective procedure for treatment of a large variety of SVTs in children and adults with a high succ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161208784007680
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, the simple paradigm of adipose tissue as merely a fat store is rapidly evolving into a complex paradigm of this tissue as multipotential secretory organ, partitioned into a few large depots, including visceral and subcutaneous location, and many small depots, associated with a variety of organs in the...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612033455152
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A positive relationship between stress tolerance and longevity has been observed in several model systems. That the same correlation is applicable in humans and that it may be open to experimental manipulation for extending human lifespan requires studies on association of stress genes with longevity. The involvement ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/138161210790883499
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The targeting of drugs to skeletal muscle is an emerging area of research. Driven by the need for new therapies to treat a range of muscle-associated diseases, these strategies aim to provide improved drug exposure at the site of action in skeletal muscle with reduced concentration in other tissues where unwanted side...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612820666140929095755
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondria are involved in different physiological and pathological processes that are crucial for tumor cell physiology, growth and survival. Since cancer cells have frequently disrupted different cell death pathways that promote their survival, mitochondria may be key organelles to promote cell death in cancer cel...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161211796904803
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thymulin is a thymic hormone exclusively produced by the epithelial cells of the thymus. After its discovery and initial characterization in the '70s, it was demonstrated that the production and secretion of thymulin are strongly influenced by the neuro-endocrine system. Conversely, a growing body of evidence, to be r...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612820666140130211157
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protein-protein interactions (PPI) are involved in vital cellular processes and are therefore associated to a growing number of diseases. But working with them as therapeutic targets comes with some major hurdles that require substantial mutations from our way to design drugs on historical targets such as enzymes and ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161212802651571
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular disease has been the leading cause of death in both sexes in developed countries for decades. In general, men and women share the same cardiovascular risk factors. However, in recent trials including both men and women sexspecific analyses have raised awareness of sex differences in cardiovasc...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612822666160309115318
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Vaginal infections caused by non-albicans species have become common in women of all age groups. The resistance of species such as Candida parapsilosis to the various antifungal agents is a risk factor attributed to these types of infections, which instigates the search for new sources of active compounds in...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1381612826666200317131041
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aim of the presented study was to investigate the role of stromal derived factor 1 (SDF-1α) in mobilizing stem cells in combination with endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) transplantation in a regenerative strategy for myocardial infarction therapy in a murine ischemia/reperfusion model. Initially bone marrow was eradi...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/13816128113199990443
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Advances in particle engineering techniques, such as spray drying, freeze drying and supercritical fluid precipitation, have greatly enhanced the ability to control the structure, morphology, and solid state phase of inhalable sized particles (1 - 5 µm) for formulation in pressurized metered dose inhalers (pMDI). To o...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612821666150820110153
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetic retinopathy remains the most common microvascular complication suffered by diabetic patients and is the leading cause of registerable blindness in the working population of developed countries. The clinicopathological lesions of diabetic retinopathy have been well characterised and although a multitude of pat...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612043383124
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adverse reactions after iodinate contrast media (ICM) administration have been observed, which can be classified as immediate (i.e., occurring within one hour after administration) and delayed or non-immediate (i.e., occurring more than one hour after administration). Even though the incidence of ICM adverse reactions...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161206778193999
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Senescence is defined as an irreversible growth arrest that is characterised by a changed morphology, gene expression pattern and chromatin structure as well as an activated DNA damage response. Senescence has a dual role for tumour development-it acts as a tumour suppressor to prevent the proliferation of seriously d...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161210789941874
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Urological cancer refers to cancer in organs of the urinary system and the male reproductive system. It mainly includes prostate cancer, bladder cancer, renal cancer, etc., seriously threatening patients' survival. Although there are many advances in the treatment of urological cancer, approved targeted therapies ofte...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612826666200403131514
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the last two decades a tremendous development has been noticed in our understanding of the purinergic system, consisting of heterogeneously expressed purinoceptor subtypes and its classical agonists: e.g., adenosine triphosphate, uridine triphosphate or complex dinucleoside polyphosphates. These agonists exert mult...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161212803582504
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00