Are hostility and anxiety associated with carotid atherosclerosis in healthy postmenopausal women?

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE:In this article, we evaluated the prospective association between measures of trait anger, hostility, and anxiety and indices of carotid atherosclerosis in 200 healthy middle-aged postmenopausal women. METHODS:Starting in 1983, 541 premenopausal women were evaluated for their levels of standard cardiovascular risk factors and psychosocial attributes, including their scores on Spielberger Trait Anger, Anxiety, and Anger-in, and Public Self-Consciousness. Starting in 1991, the Cook-Medley Hostile Attitudes Scale was also administered. Starting in 1993, 200 women who had been menopausal for at least 5 years were scanned for carotid atherosclerosis using B-mode ultrasound. The scans were scored for average intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque index. RESULTS:Women who had high Trait Anger, Anger-In, and Public Self-Consciousness scores had high IMT scores on average 10 years later. Women who had high Cook-Medley scores also had high IMT scores on average 1.5 years later. Multivariate analyses adjusting for the standard cardiovascular risk factors that most highly predicted IMT scores indicated that holding anger in, being self aware, and having hostile attitudes were significant predictors of IMT. Women with higher plaque scores also tended to report holding in their anger. CONCLUSIONS:Anger suppression and hostile attitudes do predict women's carotid IMT in midlife. Ultrasound measures of carotid atherosclerosis can be used to advance our understanding of the early development of atherosclerosis in women.

journal_name

Psychosom Med

journal_title

Psychosomatic medicine

authors

Matthews KA,Owens JF,Kuller LH,Sutton-Tyrrell K,Jansen-McWilliams L

doi

10.1097/00006842-199809000-00021

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1998-09-01 00:00:00

pages

633-8

issue

5

eissn

0033-3174

issn

1534-7796

journal_volume

60

pub_type

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