Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:Classical conditioning of insulin effects was examined in healthy humans using a placebo-controlled design. This study examined whether subjects who experienced a conditioned stimulus (CS) paired with insulin in the acquisition phase of a conditioning protocol would show a conditioned decrease of blood glucose when receiving the CS with a placebo injection in the test phase. METHODS:Twenty healthy male students were assigned either to group 1, which received insulin (0.035 IU/kg i.v.), or to group 2, which received i.v. saline on 4 consecutive days (acquisition). On day 5 (test), both groups were injected with saline. The CS was an olfactory stimulus. Blood glucose, serum insulin, plasma glucagon, plasma catecholamines, serum cortisol, and symptoms were repeatedly measured during each session. RESULTS:In the test phase, group 1 reacted with a significantly larger decrease of blood glucose after presentation of the CS than group 2. Within group 1, a larger conditioned blood glucose decrease was associated with features that enhance classical conditioning (ie, intensity of the unconditioned response and intensity of the CS). Furthermore, in group 1, there was an increase of baseline insulin from day 1 to day 5 and a tendency for insulin reduction after CS presentation. Groups also tended to differ in cortisol and neuroglycopenic symptoms after CS presentation. CONCLUSIONS:Conditioned effects in blood glucose are in accordance with the predictions. As a result of the exploratory analyses, our data also provide hints about conditioned changes in insulin, counterregulatory hormones, and symptoms.
journal_name
Psychosom Medjournal_title
Psychosomatic medicineauthors
Stockhorst U,Gritzmann E,Klopp K,Schottenfeld-Naor Y,Hübinger A,Berresheim HW,Steingrüber HJ,Gries FAdoi
10.1097/00006842-199907000-00004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-07-01 00:00:00pages
424-35issue
4eissn
0033-3174issn
1534-7796journal_volume
61pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract::Seventy-two healthy males were divided into Type A and Type B groups using the Jenkins Activity Survey. Subjects were subdivided further into high and low self-awareness categories on the private self-consciousness factor of the Self-Consciousness Scale. After random assignment to consume alcohol (0.85 g/kg) or a plac...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00006842-198807000-00005
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The American Diabetes Association recently called for research on social and environmental determinants of diabetes to intensify primary prevention. Recent epidemiological evidence suggests that frequent and modifiable psychosocial stressors at work might contribute to the development of diabetes, but more pr...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PSY.0000000000000898
更新日期:2020-12-15 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study examines whether stressful negative life events and pessimism were associated with lower natural killer cell cytotoxicity (NKCC) and T cytotoxic/suppressor cell (CD8+CD3+) percentage in black women co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus Type 1 (HIV-1) and human papillomavirus (HPV), a viral ...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006842-199811000-00009
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:A previous study suggested that insulin metabolic variables play a role in the progression of atherosclerosis in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits. The present study sought to determine: 1) if young, individually caged WHHLs are insulin-resistant relative to New Zealand white (NZW) rabbits and ...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000155674.95497.ab
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To review the relevance of cultural models in the generation and amplification of somatic symptoms and syndromes. METHODS:Based on a selective review of literature, we examine evidence that cultural and personal explanatory models can contribute to the pathogenesis, symptomatology, and chronicity of medical...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/PSY.0b013e31815b002c
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Social support is defined as information leading the subject to believe that he is cared for and loved, esteemed, and a member of a network of mutual obligations. The evidence that supportive interactions among people are protective against the health consequences of life stress is reviewed. It appears that social sup...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006842-197609000-00003
更新日期:1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied 572 men and women who participated in a blood pressure screening program at a government unemployment office. Before having their blood pressures taken, the subjects completed a brief questionnaire that included two items measuring conflict over anger expression. Information was also obtained on obesity, ra...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006842-198607000-00005
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-one healthy women were studied during one menstrual cycle in order to determine whether cortisol and growth hormone responsivity to psychological stress was related to estrogen levels. Blood was drawn approximately three times per week for analysis of estradiol, progesterone, cortisol, and human growth hormone....
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006842-197705000-00002
更新日期:1977-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the sociocultural transformation of neurasthenia (shenjing shuairuo, SJSR), as both disease and illness, in Chinese society. METHOD:This is based on a critical review of evidence drawn from the psychiatric and anthropological literature, and the use of a single case study. RESULTS:SJSR remains a ub...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00006842-199807000-00010
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This article provides the chemical basis for the molecular modification of H1 antihistamines in the rational development of some antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs. METHODS:A review of the literature and personal experiences have been compiled. CONCLUSIONS:The contributions of many basic scientists, the...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006842-199909000-00002
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to describe the sequence of psychosocial events and infections preceding the onset of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). This information was related to the temporal development of crucial symptoms in relation to the onset of, namely, fatigue, sadness, irritability, pain, and feelin...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006842-199905000-00009
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Patients' expectations have been shown to predict the course and treatment success of a variety of medical conditions. Therefore, expectation-focused psychological interventions (EFPIs) have been developed to use these expectation effects clinically. Importantly, EFPI differ with regard to the particular expe...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PSY.0000000000000596
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirty-five consecutive patients with Cushing's syndrome were studied prospectively prior to treatment. A consistent constellation of psychiatric disturbances was found, including impairments in affect (depressed mood and crying), cognitive functions (decreased concentration and memory), and vegetative functions (decr...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006842-198102000-00002
更新日期:1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using a prospective design, this study examined the hypothesis that a predisposition to focus on internal aspects of the self serves as a stress resistance resource. One hundred and twenty subjects filled out the Private Self-Consciousness inventory, a schedule of recent life events and a symptom checklist. Two months...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006842-198509000-00007
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Changes in heart rate variability (HRV) associated with breathing (respiratory sinus arrhythmia) are known to be parasympathetically (vagally) mediated when the breathing rate is within the typical frequency range (9-24 breaths per minute [bpm]; high-frequency HRV). Slow yogic breathing occurs at rates below ...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PSY.0000000000000603
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether a support intervention (warm touch enhancement) influences physiological stress systems that are linked to important health outcomes. Growing evidence points to a protective effect of social and emotional support on both morbidity and mortality. METHODS:In this study, 34 healthy marrie...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/PSY.0b013e318187aef7
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether the relationship between interleukin (IL)-6 and depressive symptoms is moderated by participation in moderate-intensity physical activity in a sample of primary care patients. Elevated inflammation has been associated with a number of poor health outcomes. Depressive symptoms may be relat...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PSY.0b013e3182108412
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:In this article, we evaluated the prospective association between measures of trait anger, hostility, and anxiety and indices of carotid atherosclerosis in 200 healthy middle-aged postmenopausal women. METHODS:Starting in 1983, 541 premenopausal women were evaluated for their levels of standard cardiovascula...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006842-199809000-00021
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Negative affectivity (NA) and repressive coping (REP) are coping styles characterized by a disposition to either experience or avoid distress. This study investigated the potential influence of NA and REP on self-reported distress and coronary-prone behavior among 178 male cardiac patients undergoing rehabilitation. B...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006842-199109000-00005
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Subtle alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) have been proposed as a shared pathway linking numerous etiological and perpetuating processes with symptoms and observed physiological abnormalities. Because the HPA axis is involved in the adaptive respons...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000038937.67401.61
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study addressed the issue of whether frequent exposure to life events is associated with aggravation or blunting of cardiovascular reactions to acute mental stress. METHODS:In a substantial cohort of 585 healthy young adults, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate were recorded at rest and...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000160464.63264.5d
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We examined whether depression is independently associated with implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy for ventricular tachyarrhythmias and mortality. METHODS:A cohort of 430 consecutive patients with a first-time ICD (79% men; mean [standard deviation] age = 57.8 [12.1] years) completed the Ho...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PSY.0000000000000017
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Cancer-related distress due to the psychological and physical challenges of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) may result in symptoms of depression, which negatively affects quality and may influence quantity of life. This study investigated how depression affects MBC stress reactivity, including autonomic (ANS) ...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000238216.88515.e5
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:A role for the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the regulation of eating behavior has been recently demonstrated. Therefore, the possibility exists that alterations in BDNF production and/or activity are involved in the pathophysiology of anorexia nervosa (AN) and obesity. METHODS:We measured morn...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000138119.12956.99
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors recruited 229 treatment-seeking anorexic and bulimic women for a prospective, longitudinal study. Telephone interviews were arranged every 3 months for at least 1 year for 225 patients. At intake, 132 subjects were menstruating, 34 subjects were taking oral contraceptives, 5 subjects had an organic cause f...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006842-199503000-00004
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although increased morbidity and mortality have been reliably associated with social isolation and less satisfying personal relationships, relatively little is known about the underlying biopsychosocial mechanisms. We assessed problem-solving behaviors and changes in immune function in 90 newlywed couples who were adm...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006842-199309000-00001
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 2-hour laboratory challenge on heart rate, blood pressure, catecholamines, and cortisol; and investigate the contribution of the physical act of speaking on both neuroendocrine and cardiovascular measures. Using a within-subjects design, 14 subjects were tested...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006842-199311000-00005
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine the effect of two kinds of intimate partner violence (IPV) (physical and psychological) in the previous 12 months (current) and before the previous 12 months (past) on psychological well-being among women aged 18 to 70 years who attend primary healthcare centers in Spain; and to analyze the effe...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181d2f0dd
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osteoporosis is a common problem in postmenopausal women. It has been linked to estrogen deficiency, other neuroendocrine processes such as hypercortisolemia and male hypogonadism, nutritional deficiencies, and other mechanisms. Some of these changes have been also reported in male and female patients with mental diso...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006842-199509000-00011
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to describe perceived and polysomnograhic (PSG) sleep patterns and determine whether stress exposure, psychological distress, and physiological stress activation differed among midlife women with psychophysiologic-type (PP-type) or subjective only-type (SO-type) insomnia or no ...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000024235.11538.9a
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00