Abstract：
:Placental syncytiotrophoblasts formed by the fusion of cytotrophoblasts constitute the interface between maternal and fetal circulations. The syncytium, composed of a continuous layer of syncytiotrophoblasts, assumes the fetal-maternal nutrient exchange, placental barrier, and endocrine functions important for the maintenance of normal pregnancy. Syncytin-1, an endogenous retroviral gene product, mediates the fusion of cytotrophoblasts. While the fusogenic function of syncytin-1 has been well established, little is known regarding its nonfusogenic activities. This study investigates the role of syncytin-1 in trophoblast proliferation. We found that syncytin-1 knockdown significantly inhibited BeWo cell growth and DNA synthesis. Moreover, time course studies on key cell cycle regulators demonstrated an upregulation of p15 and downregulation of CDK4, E2F1, PCNA, and c-Myc, which consequently led to a reduced level of CDK1. These results, together with those from flow cytometry analysis, indicated that syncytin-1 knockdown blocked the G1/S transition phase of the cell cycle. Moreover, syncytin-1 overexpression promoted CHO cell proliferation and led to changes opposite to those observed in syncytin-1 knockdown experiments, confirming the critical role of syncytin-1 for G1/S transition. Thus, syncytin-1, through both nonfusogenic and fusogenic, functions, may co-regulate the input (proliferation) and output (fusion) of the cytotrophoblast "pool". Such co-regulation could be an efficient way to achieve the balance between these two opposing processes, which is required for syncytium homeostasis. Since decreased syncytin-1 expression has been shown to be associated with preeclamptic and hypoxic condition, insufficient replenishing of the cytotrophoblast "pool" may contribute to syncytium deficiency, a critical pathological change frequently found in preeclamptic placentas.
journal_name
Cell Signaljournal_title
Cellular signallingauthors
Huang Q,Li J,Wang F,Oliver MT,Tipton T,Gao Y,Jiang SWdoi
10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.01.008subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-04-01 00:00:00pages
1027-35issue
4eissn
0898-6568issn
1873-3913pii
S0898-6568(13)00011-9journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Exposure of brown fat cells to phenylephrine, an agonist of alpha-1 adrenergic receptors, activates a phospholipase A2 which releases arachidonic acid. Since receptor activation of phospholipase A2 requires calcium, experiments were undertaken to define more precisely the role played by calcium in the regulation of en...
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abstract：:The β-catenin signaling axis is critical for normal embryonic development and tissue homeostasis in adults. We have previously shown that extracellular enzyme transglutaminase 2 (TG2) activates β-catenin signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). In this study, we provide several lines of evidence that TG2 fun...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
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journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2011.07.013
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abstract：:In Galpha(z)-deficient mice, survival of sympathetic neurons is significantly attenuated in the presence of pertussis toxin (PTX). This suggests that G(i/o) proteins may have distinct roles in neuronal survival. Here, we investigated the possible involvement of G(i/o) proteins in nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced pro-...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2004.11.008
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journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109461
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journal_title：Cellular signalling
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doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2005.07.007
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Cellular signalling
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更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109665
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0898-6568(02)00122-5
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.07.008
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2010.03.016
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.06.007
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2004.09.018
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulates cyclic AMP (cAMP) synthesis in cultured guinea-pig airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. However, this stimulation is normally countered by the action of cAMP phosphodiesterases. Thus, cAMP synthesis was observed only in cells pre-treated with either 3-isobutyl-1-methylxant...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0898-6568(97)00138-1
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Cellular signalling
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更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Cellular signalling
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journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2007.06.021
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2021-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Cellular signalling
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更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2009.09.004
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.01.014
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2008.09.013
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) are key modulators of G protein-coupled receptor signalling. Increasing evidence points to the occurrence of complex mechanisms able to modulate the subcellular localization, activity and expression levels of GRKs, revealing new functional interactions of these kinases with di...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0898-6568(03)00099-8
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:How might a microbial cell that is entirely metabolically dormant - and which has the ability to remain so for extended periods of time - irreversibly commit itself to resuming vegetative growth within seconds of being exposed to certain amino acids or sugars? That this process takes place in the absence of any detect...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109729
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
