Abstract：
:How might a microbial cell that is entirely metabolically dormant - and which has the ability to remain so for extended periods of time - irreversibly commit itself to resuming vegetative growth within seconds of being exposed to certain amino acids or sugars? That this process takes place in the absence of any detectable ATP or de novo protein synthesis, and relies upon a pre-formed apparatus that is immobilised, respectively, in a semi-crystalline membrane or multi-layered proteinaceous coat, only exacerbates the challenge facing spores of Bacillales species when stimulated to germinate. Whereas the process by which spores are formed in response to nutrient starvation - sporulation - involves the orchestrated interplay between hundreds of distinct proteins, the process by which spores return to life - germination - is a much simpler affair, requiring a handful of receptor and channel proteins complemented with specialized peptidoglycan lysins. Despite this relative simplicity, and research effort spanning many decades, comprehensive understanding of key molecular and biochemical details and, in particular signal transduction mechanisms associated with spore germination, has remained elusive. In this review we provide an up to date overview of the field while identifying what we consider to be the key gaps in knowledge associated with germination of Bacillales spores, suggesting also technical approaches that may provide fresh insight to this unique biological process.
journal_name
Cell Signaljournal_title
Cellular signallingauthors
Christie G,Setlow Pdoi
10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109729subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-10-01 00:00:00pages
109729eissn
0898-6568issn
1873-3913pii
S0898-6568(20)30206-0journal_volume
74pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Prostatic stromal proliferation may be commonly associated with the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia. In this study, we investigate the role of testosterone and protein kinase C in stimulating cultured stromal cell proliferation. Testosterone increased the uptake of [(3)H]-thymidine into the human cultured ...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0898-6568(01)00205-4
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate whether G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) are involved in the regulation of the PTH/PTHrPR, we have established mutant SaOS-2 cells which stably overexpress (> 10-20-fold) a dominant negative form of the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase-1 (beta ARK-1). Acute (< or = 2 h) incubation with hPTH (1-3...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0898-6568(97)00044-2
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding how cells integrate signals from a variety of chemically diverse information-containing molecules into complex, orchestrated responses such as cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis is an overarching goal of cell biology. The ligand molecules that act upon cell surface receptors include those ...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0898-6568(97)00194-0
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:β-Adrenergic receptors (βAR) and D(2)-like dopamine receptors (which include D(2)-, D(3)- and D(4)-dopamine receptors) activate G(s) and G(i), the stimulatory and inhibitory heterotrimeric G proteins, respectively, which in turn regulate the activity of adenylyl cyclase (AC). β(2)-Adrenergic receptors (β(2)AR) and D(4...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.06.011
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell surface receptors for high-density lipoprotein (HDL) on hepatocytes are major partners in the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis. We have previously demonstrated on human hepatocytes that apolipoprotein A-I binding to an ectopic F(1)-ATPase stimulates the production of extracellular ADP that activates a P2Y(13...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2008.09.016
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protectin DX (PDX), which is a novel regulator of 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), has recently gained attention for its ability to improve several metabolic diseases. However, the function of PDX in vascular endothelial cells remains unclear. To confirm the protective effects of PDX on endo...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.09.011
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Zfra is a small size 31-amino-acid C2H2 zinc finger-like protein, which is known to interact with c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1), WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX, FOR or WOX1), TNF receptor-associated death domain protein (TRADD) and nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) during stress response. Here, we show t...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2008.02.018
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein kinase CK2 is a critical factor for the survival of cells. It is overexpressed in many cancer cells and provides protection against apoptosis in these cells. Inhibition of CK2 kinase activity in various cancer cells leads to apoptosis, which makes CK2 an attractive target for cancer therapy. Little is, however...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.03.014
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Growing evidence suggests that alterations of the inflammatory/immune system contribute to the pathogenesis of major depression and that inflammatory processes may influence the antidepressant treatment response. Depressed patients exhibit increased levels of inflammatory markers in both the periphery and brain, and h...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.04.006
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Formycin A (1.0 mM) caused a rapid, sustained and rapidly reversible inhibition of effluent radioactivity in rat pancreatic islets prelabelled with myo-[2-3H]inositol and perifused in the presence of 8.3 mM D-glucose. This coincided with a progressive decrease in islet ATP content and transient inhibition of insulin r...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0898-6568(95)02009-8
更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The immune modulator FTY720 is phosphorylated in vivo to FTY720 phosphate (FTY-P), which activates four sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptors including S1P(3). Upon activation with S1P, S1P(3) couples to G(i)- and G(q)-protein-dependent signalling pathways. Here we show that FTY-P selectively activates the S1P(3)-me...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2008.01.019
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein kinase D3 is a novel member of the serine/threonine kinase family PKD. The regulatory region of PKD contains a tandem repeat of C1 domains designated C1a and C1b that bind diacylglycerol and phorbol esters, and are important membrane targeting modules. Here, we investigate the activities of individual C1 domai...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2005.02.007
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite the essential role of the fibrinogen gamma-chain as a blood clotting factor, the fibrinogen gamma-chain contains a number of interaction sites to recruit other factors such as leukocytes important for prevention of pathogen entry and propagation of the repair process. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is known as the major...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2007.04.007
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the involvement of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (A kinase)2 in the inhibition by cilostamide, a specific inhibitor of the low Km cAMP-phosphodiesterase (PDE), on 9,11-epithio-11,12-methanothromboxane A2 (STA2)-induced platelet aggregation. For comparative purposes, the PGE1 analogue, 17S-20-dimethyl-trans...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0898-6568(92)90039-b
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have investigated the role of the hydrolysis of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) as one of the signalling pathways elicited after interaction of epidermal growth factor (EGF) with its specific plasma membrane receptor (EGFR). Endogenous GPI was characterized in both NIH 3T3 mouse fibroblast cells and in EGFR-tra...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0898-6568(95)00002-7
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatocyte membranes from both lean and obese Zucker rats exhibited adenylate cyclase activity that could be stimulated by glucagon, forskolin, NaF and elevated concentrations of p[NH]ppG. In membranes from lean animals, functional Gi was detected by the ability of low concentrations of p[NH]ppG to inhibit forskolin-a...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0898-6568(89)90016-8
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Overcoming de novo and acquired resistance to anticancer drugs that target signaling networks is a formidable challenge for drug design and effective cancer therapy. Understanding the mechanisms by which this resistance arises may offer a route to addressing the insensitivity of signaling networks to drug intervention...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2010.10.011
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative illness and the leading cause of dementia in the elderly. The accumulation of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) is a well-known pathological hallmark associated with the disease. However, Aβ is only one of several metabolites produced by β- and γ-secretase actions on the transmembr...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2011.10.007
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The CD34 protein is regarded as a marker of stem cells from multiple origins. Recently a mesenchymal progenitor CD34 positive cell identified from traumatized human skeletal muscle demonstrates differentiation capability into vascular endothelial cells, osteoblasts and adipocytes. Here they were treated with a small i...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109711
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Long-term amino acid starvation represents a form of metabolic stress which stimulates gene expression. Here we report that depriving HeLa cells for any one of a series of amino acids activates c-Jun N-terminal kinase-1 (JNK-1). In contrast, the other mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) ERK-1 and, to a lesser ex...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0898-6568(01)00159-0
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Akt (also known as protein kinase B or PKB) comprises three closely related isoforms Akt1, Akt2 and Akt3 (or PKBα/β/γ respectively). We have a very good understanding of the mechanisms by which Akt isoforms are activated by growth factors and other extracellular stimuli as well as by oncogenic mutations in key upstrea...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2011.05.004
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid that can regulate various physiological and pathological processes. The expression of S1P has been detected in human follicular fluid. In addition, two S1P receptors, S1P1 and S1P3, are expressed at a high level in human granulosa cells. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.03.006
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heterotrimeric G proteins typically transduce signals from G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to effector proteins. In the conventional G protein signaling paradigm, the G protein is located at the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane, where, after activation by an agonist-bound GPCR, the GTP-bound Gα and free ...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2011.08.014
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Certain TRP cation channels confer the ability to sense environmental stimuli (heat, cold, pressure, osmolarity) across physiological and pathophysiological ranges. TRPA1 is a TRP-related channel that responds to cold temperatures, and pungent compounds that include the cold-mimetic icilin and cannabinoids. The initia...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2005.12.009
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MAP Kinase Phosphatase-2 (MKP-2) is a dual specific nuclear phosphatase which is selective for both ERK and JNK, MAP kinases implicated in the regulation of apoptosis in response to genotoxic stress. Here we report the conditional expression of MKP-2 in human embryonic kidney cells 293. We demonstrate that Flag-WT-MKP...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2005.01.003
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microglia play a prominent role in the brain's inflammatory response to injury or infection by migrating to affected locations, secreting inflammatory molecules, and phagocytosing damaged tissue. However, because severe or chronic neuroinflammation exacerbates many neurological conditions, controlling microglia action...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2008.10.014
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies from acutely transfected HeLa cells have identified an acidic alpha-helix in the Type IIbeta PtdIns5P 4-kinase (PIPkin IIbeta) as a putative novel nuclear localisation sequence (Ciruela et al. Biochem. J. 364, 587-591 2000). However, some heterogeneity in cellular localisation was always observed, and...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2007.01.010
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Disruption of autophagy plays an import role in neurodegenerative disorders, where deficient elimination of abnormal and toxic protein aggregates promotes cellular stress, failure and death. Therefore, induction of autophagy has been proposed as a reasonable strategy to help neurons clear abnormal protein aggregates a...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.08.019
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endothelial migration and proliferation are fundamental processes in angiogenesis and wound healing of injured or inflamed vessels. The present study aimed to investigate the regulation of the Eph/ephrin-system during endothelial proliferation and the impact of the ligand ephrin-A1 on proliferation and migration of hu...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.10.003
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase IIδ (CaMKIIδ) acts as a molecular switch regulating cardiovascular Ca2+ handling and contractility in health and disease. Activation of CaMKIIδ is also known to regulate cardiovascular inflammation and is reported to be required for pro-inflammatory NF-κB signalling. In this...
journal_title：Cellular signalling
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.07.008
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
