Proinflammatory cytokine regulation of cyclic AMP-phosphodiesterase 4 signaling in microglia in vitro and following CNS injury.

abstract：:Propagation of intercellular calcium waves (ICW) between astrocytes depends on the diffusion of signaling molecules through gap junction channels and diffusion through the extracellular space of neuroactive substances acting on plasmalemmal receptors. The relative contributions of these two pathways vary in different ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Suadicani SO,De Pina-Benabou MH,Urban-Maldonado M,Spray DC,Scemes E

更新日期：2003-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia undergo dynamic structural and transcriptional changes during the immune response to traumatic brain injury (TBI). For example, TBI causes microglia to form rod-shaped trains in the cerebral cortex, but their contribution to inflammation and pathophysiology is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Witcher KG,Bray CE,Dziabis JE,McKim DB,Benner BN,Rowe RK,Kokiko-Cochran ON,Popovich PG,Lifshitz J,Eiferman DS,Godbout JP

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enriched preparations of oligodendrocytes, isolated either from adult bovine brain or from 30-day-old rat brain, eventually yield cultures in MEM-15% calf serum that contain, in addition to oligodendrocytes, proliferating astrocytes and variable numbers of fibroblast-like cells. If these cultures are switched to a ser...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Norton WT,Farooq M,Chiu FC,Bottenstein JE

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Alzheimer disease-associated multifunctional low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 is expressed in the brain. Recent studies uncovered a role of this receptor for the appropriate functioning of neural stem cells, oligodendrocytes, and neurons. The constitutive knock-out (KO) of the receptor is embryon...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Bres EE,Safina D,Müller J,Bedner P,Yang H,Helluy X,Shchyglo O,Jansen S,Mark MD,Esser A,Steinhäuser C,Herlitze S,Pietrzik CU,Sirko S,Manahan-Vaughan D,Faissner A

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has become evident recently only that microglia are not only responsible for immunomodulatory functions in the brain but represent vital components of the larger synaptic formation, which also includes pre and postsynaptic neurones as well as astrocytes. Microglia critically contribute to CNS homeostasis by their a...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Blank T,Prinz M

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The p75 neurotrophin receptor has been implicated in the regulation of multiple cellular functions that differ depending on the cell context. We have observed that p75(NTR) is strongly induced on astrocytes as well as neurons in the hippocampal CA3 region after seizures; however, the function of this receptor on these...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Cragnolini AB,Huang Y,Gokina P,Friedman WJ

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Astrocytes are thought to play a variety of key roles in the adult brain, such as their participation in synaptic transmission, in wound healing upon brain injury, and adult neurogenesis. However, to elucidate these functions in vivo has been difficult because of the lack of astrocyte-specific gene targeting. Here we ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Mori T,Tanaka K,Buffo A,Wurst W,Kühn R,Götz M

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting predominantly motor neurons. Recent studies suggest that the disease progression of ALS is non-cell-autonomous, although the interaction between neurons and glial cells in different disease stages is not entirely clear. Here, we ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Wang R,Yang B,Zhang D

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Macrophage can adopt several phenotypes, process call polarization, which is crucial for shaping inflammatory responses to injury. It is not known if microglia, a resident brain macrophage population, polarizes in a similar way, and whether specific microglial phenotypes modulate cell death in response to brain injury...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Girard S,Brough D,Lopez-Castejon G,Giles J,Rothwell NJ,Allan SM

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuronal-glial interactions are important for normal brain function and contribute to the maintenance of the brain's extracellular environment. Damage to glial cells following traumatic brain injury (TBI) could therefore be an important contributing factor to brain dysfunction and neuronal injury. We examined the earl...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Zhao X,Ahram A,Berman RF,Muizelaar JP,Lyeth BG

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The distribution of metallothioneins I/II in the mouse brain and their specific area distribution upon physical stress were studied. To induce physical stress, groups of mice were subjected to total darkness for different periods (2 weeks, 1 month, and 2 months). The concentration of metallothioneins, evaluated by imm...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Beltramini M,Di Pisa C,Zambenedetti P,Wittkowski W,Mocchegiani E,Musicco M,Zatta P

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An organism's response to stress requires activation of multiple brain regions. This can have long-lasting effects on synaptic transmission and plasticity that likely provide adaptive benefits. Recent evidence implicates not only neurones, but also glial cells in the regulation of the central response to stress. Inten...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Murphy-Royal C,Gordon GR,Bains JS

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glial cells play a crucial role in the organization and function of the nervous system. Cell-cell adhesion receptors of the cadherin family have been shown to participate in distinct morphogenetic processes throughout the development of the CNS, but little is known about glial expression of cadherins. Applying immunof...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Gerhardt H,Rascher G,Schuck J,Weigold U,Redies C,Wolburg H

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transplantation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) results in efficient remyelination in animal models of demyelination. However, the experiments so far undertaken have not addressed the need for tissue-type matching to achieve graft-mediated remyelination. Examination of MHC expression (main determinant of all...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Tepavcević V,Blakemore WF

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The failure of the adult injured spinal cord to support axonal regeneration is in part attributed to the glial scar. Reactive astrocytes constitute a major cellular component of the glial scar and are heterogeneous with respect to the extracellular matrix proteins that they secrete. Astrocytes may produce antiregenera...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Gris P,Tighe A,Levin D,Sharma R,Brown A

更新日期：2007-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Astrocytic lineage commitment and brain region-dependent specialization of glia are partly ascribed to epigenetic processes. Clearance of glutamate is an essential task, which astrocytes assume in a temporal-spatial fashion by distinct glutamate transporter expression. Glutamate transporter subtype 1 (GLT-1) is predom...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Perisic T,Holsboer F,Rein T,Zschocke J

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Within the last few years, the expression of voltage-dependent, TTX-sensitive Na+ channels has been demonstrated in several types of neuroglial cells such as astrocytes and Schwann cells. Recently, we reported the occurrence of such Na+ currents in retinal Müller (glial) cells from dog and cat. This paper deals with t...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Chao TI,Skachkov SN,Eberhardt W,Reichenbach A

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to investigate whether insulin, fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways protect retinal neurons against excitotoxicity and regulate the proliferation of Müller glia. We found that intraocular injections of insulin or FGF2 had variable effects u...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Fischer AJ,Scott MA,Ritchey ER,Sherwood P

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglial cells have a double life as the immune cells of the brain in times of stress but have also specific physiological functions in homeostatic conditions. In pathological contexts, microglia undergo a phenotypic switch called "reaction" that promotes the initiation and the propagation of neuro-inflammation. Rea...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Hirbec H,Marmai C,Duroux-Richard I,Roubert C,Esclangon A,Croze S,Lachuer J,Peyroutou R,Rassendren F

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Retinoic acid (RA), a metabolite of vitamin A, is required for the regulation of growth and development. Aberrant expression of molecules involved in RA signaling has been reported in various cancer types including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2 (CRABP2) has previously been sho...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Liu RZ,Li S,Garcia E,Glubrecht DD,Poon HY,Easaw JC,Godbout R

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study was performed in order to follow the response of rat cerebellum astroglial cells (Bergmann glial cells and astrocytes) to long-term portacaval shunt (PCS), by means of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and vimentin immunoreactivities. Bergmann glia accumulated GFAP in response to PCS, whereas as...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Suárez I,Bodega G,Arilla E,Rubio M,Villalba R,Fernández B

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a deadly neurodegenerative disease often caused by mutation in a gene called NPC1, which results in the accumulation of unesterified cholesterol and glycosphingolipids in the endosomal-lysosomal system. Most studies on the mechanisms of neurodegeneration in NPC have focused on neur...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Chen G,Li HM,Chen YR,Gu XS,Duan S

更新日期：2007-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A major role for Müller cells in the retina is to buffer changes in the extracellular K+ concentration ([K+]o) resulting from light-evoked neuronal activity. The primary K+ conductance in Müller cells is the inwardly rectifying K+ channel Kir4.1. Since this channel is constitutively active, K+ can enter or exit Müller...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Connors NC,Kofuji P

更新日期：2006-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia are intrinsic immune cells in the brain. In response to neurodegenerative events, excessively activated microglia change their shapes and release various cytokines leading to the pathogenesis of central nervous system (CNS) disease. Because the intracellular mechanisms of this process are still unclear, we h...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Konno M,Shirakawa H,Iida S,Sakimoto S,Matsutani I,Miyake T,Kageyama K,Nakagawa T,Shibasaki K,Kaneko S

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The extrasynaptic region of the squid giant nerve fiber exhibits neuron-Schwann cell interactions that appear to involve glutamate as a mediator. In an earlier work, it was demonstrated that the periaxonal sheaths of such nerves (where the Schwann cells are located) possess the capacity to transport glutamate. However...

journal_title：Glia

authors： García RA

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia transform from homeostatic to disease-associated-microglia (DAM) profiles in neurodegeneration. Within DAM, we recently identified distinct pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory sub-profiles although transcriptional regulators of homeostatic and distinct DAM profiles remain unclear. Informed by these studie...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Gao T,Jernigan J,Raza SA,Dammer EB,Xiao H,Seyfried NT,Levey AI,Rangaraju S

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two types of glial cells occur in the retina, Müller cells and astrocytes. These cells share several structural features such as extending endfeet onto blood vessels of the retina. Retinal vessels express a tight blood-retinal barrier which is comparable to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) of the CNS. While astrocytes ha...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Small RK,Watkins BA,Munro PM,Liu D

更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the CNS, are derived postnatally from oligodendrocyte precursors (OPs) of the subventricular zone (SVZ). However, the mechanisms that regulate their generation from SVZ neural stem cells (NSC) are poorly understood. Here, we have examined the role of glycogen synthase kinase ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Azim K,Rivera A,Raineteau O,Butt AM

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis is altered, microglial cells become rapidly activated, proliferate and release a broad range of molecules. Among the plethora of molecules involved in the regulation of microglial activation, cytokines are considered crucial. Although production of interleukin-10 (IL-10) h...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Recasens M,Shrivastava K,Almolda B,González B,Castellano B

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Extracellular purines are signaling molecules in the neurogenic niches of the brain and spinal cord, where they activate cell surface purinoceptors at embryonic neural stem cells (NSCs) and adult neural progenitor cells (NPCs). Although mRNA and protein are expressed at NSCs/NPCs for almost all subtypes of the nucleot...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Tang Y,Illes P

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00