Inducible gene deletion in astroglia and radial glia--a valuable tool for functional and lineage analysis.

abstract：:Hyperpolarization-activated currents were recorded from rat brain cortical and spinal cord astrocytes maintained in culture. Spinal cord astrocytes expressed primarily an inward rectifier potassium current characterized by time-dependent inactivation, a strong dependence on extracellular Na+ and insensitivity to intra...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Guatteo E,Stanness KA,Janigro D

更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glial cells play a crucial role in the organization and function of the nervous system. Cell-cell adhesion receptors of the cadherin family have been shown to participate in distinct morphogenetic processes throughout the development of the CNS, but little is known about glial expression of cadherins. Applying immunof...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Gerhardt H,Rascher G,Schuck J,Weigold U,Redies C,Wolburg H

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glial tumor cells derived from primary tissue express large voltage-gated Na(+) currents, whereas glioma cell lines usually lack this feature. We studied the effect of serum deprivation on the expression of Na(+) currents in two astrocytoma cell lines (1321N1 and A172). Serum deprivation for more than 2 days sufficed ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kraft R,Basrai D,Benndorf K,Patt S

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:NG2 is a type 1 integral membrane glycoprotein encoded by the Cspg4 gene. It is expressed on glial progenitor cells known as NG2 glial cells or oligodendrocyte precursor cells that exist widely throughout the developing and mature central nervous system and vascular mural cells but not on mature oligodendrocytes, astr...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Gotoh H,Wood WM,Patel KD,Factor DC,Boshans LL,Nomura T,Tesar PJ,Ono K,Nishiyama A

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The extrasynaptic region of the squid giant nerve fiber exhibits neuron-Schwann cell interactions that appear to involve glutamate as a mediator. In an earlier work, it was demonstrated that the periaxonal sheaths of such nerves (where the Schwann cells are located) possess the capacity to transport glutamate. However...

journal_title：Glia

authors： García RA

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Perisynaptic Schwann cells (PSCs) envelop axonal terminals and are physiologically distinct from the nearby myelinating Schwann cells (MSCs), which surround the same innervating motor axons. PSCs have special functions at the neuromuscular synapse, where they detect and can modulate neurotransmitter release. Although ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Georgiou J,Charlton MP

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia have diverse actions, ranging from synapse pruning in development to cytotoxic effects in disease. Brain energy metabolism and substrate availability vary under normal and disease states, but how these variations influence microglial function is relatively unknown. Microglia, like most other cell types, expr...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Ghosh S,Castillo E,Frias ES,Swanson RA

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toll-like receptors 7 (TLR7) and 9 (TLR9) are important mediators of innate immune responses. Both receptors are located in endosomal compartments, recognize nucleic acids, and signal via Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88). In the current study, we analyzed TLR7 and TLR9 induced activation of astrocytes and mic...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Butchi NB,Du M,Peterson KE

更新日期：2010-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously reported that neonatal rat oligodendrocytes (OLGs) express and secrete neuregulins (NRGs) (Raabe et al., 1997). This laboratory has also shown that NRGs stimulate the differentiation of neonatal rat OLGs and that these cells express the erbB receptors for NRGs (Raabe et al., 1997). In this study, we...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Deadwyler GD,Pouly S,Antel JP,Devries GH

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glial cells from different brain regions and species are depolarized by the neurotransmitter glutamate. The depolarization or, if voltage-clamped at the resting membrane potential, the inward current induced by glutamate could be due either to activation of receptor-coupled ion channels or electrogenic uptake of the t...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Sontheimer H,Kettenmann H,Backus KH,Schachner M

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two membrane-localized transporter proteins (GLYT1 and GLYT2) are responsible for removal of extracellular glycine in the mammalian CNS. Whereas GLYT1 seems to be expressed mainly in glial cells, GLYT2 is neuronal. The highest concentrations of both transporters are found in glycinergic areas of the nervous system. Th...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Zafra F,Poyatos I,Gimenez C

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The prospects of achieving regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) have changed, as most recent findings indicate that several species, including humans, can produce neurons in adulthood. Studies targeting this property may be considered as potential therapeutic strategies to respond to injury or the effects ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Gómez RM,Sánchez MY,Portela-Lomba M,Ghotme K,Barreto GE,Sierra J,Moreno-Flores MT

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glial cell-mediated potassium and glutamate homeostases play important roles in the regulation of neuronal excitability. Diminished potassium and glutamate buffering capabilities of astrocytes result in hyperexcitability of neurons and abnormal synaptic transmission. The role of the different K+ channels in maintainin...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kucheryavykh YV,Kucheryavykh LY,Nichols CG,Maldonado HM,Baksi K,Reichenbach A,Skatchkov SN,Eaton MJ

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) of the optic nerve are generated in the preoptic area, from where they migrate to colonize it entirely. Sonic hedgehog (Shh) induces the proliferation of these cells as well as influencing their migration, acting through its canonical receptor (Ptc-1). However, the multiligand re...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Ortega MC,Cases O,Merchán P,Kozyraki R,Clemente D,de Castro F

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The interactions between migrating glioma cells and myelinated fiber tracts are poorly understood. We identified that C6 glioma cells can migrate along myelinated chicken retinal axons in a novel coculture, thereby expressing small GTPases of the Rho family and serine/threonine Rho-associated kinases (ROCKs). We found...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Oellers P,Schröer U,Senner V,Paulus W,Thanos S

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The neuronal doctrine, developed a century ago regards neuronal networks as the sole substrate of higher brain function. Recent advances in glial physiology have promoted an alternative hypothesis, which places information processing in the brain into integrated neuronal-glial networks utilizing both binary (neuronal ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Nedergaard M,Verkhratsky A

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) activity is abundant in microglia, but the PTKs that participate in their activation have not been identified. For these studies, we used three paradigms to characterize PTK expression during microglial activation: resting and activated microglia were bulk fractionated from the adult brai...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Krady JK,Basu A,Levison SW,Milner RJ

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Injury to the adult brain results in the formation of a glial scar that involves both activated astroglia and microglia/macrophages. Although reactive gliosis has been linked to failure of axonal regeneration in the adult mammalian CNS, the spatio-temporal pattern of the postlesion responses in morphology and distribu...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Stichel CC,Müller HW

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive primary tumor, causing thousands of deaths worldwide every year. The mean survival of patients with GBM remains below 20 months despite current available therapies. GBM cells' interactions with their stromal counterparts are crucial for tumor development. Astrocytes are glial cells ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Brandao M,Simon T,Critchley G,Giamas G

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The myelin basic protein gene (Mbp) encodes for the major myelin structural proteins and it is included in the Golli-Mbp gene complex. Previously, we observed MBP-like proteins in the human central nervous system (CNS) at developmental stages preceding myelination. In an effort to distinguish between Golli (HOG5 and H...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Tosic M,Rakic S,Matthieu J-,Zecevic N

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rehabilitative therapies after stroke are designed to improve remodeling of neuronal circuits and to promote functional recovery. Only very little is known about the underlying cellular mechanisms. In particular, the effects of rehabilitative training on glial cells, which play an important role in the pathophysiology...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Keiner S,Wurm F,Kunze A,Witte OW,Redecker C

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuroinflammation perpetuates neuronal damage in many neurological disorders. Activation of resident microglia and infiltration of monocytes/macrophages contributes to neuronal injury and synaptic damage. Noninvasive imaging of these cells in vivo provides a means to monitor progression of disease as well as assess ef...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Venneti S,Lopresti BJ,Wiley CA

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In non-excitable cells, stimulation of phosphoinositide (PI) turnover and inhibition of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+-ATPase are methods commonly used to deplete calcium stores, resulting in a capacitative Ca2+ influx (i.e., Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ influx). Since this Ca2+ influx in glial cells has not been ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Wu ML,Kao EF,Liu IH,Wang BS,Lin-Shiau SY

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our knowledge of multiple sclerosis (MS) neuropathology has benefited from a number of studies that provided an in-depth description of plaques and, more recently, diffuse alterations of the normal-appearing white or grey matter. However, there have been few studies focusing on the periplaque regions surrounding demye...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Lieury A,Chanal M,Androdias G,Reynolds R,Cavagna S,Giraudon P,Confavreux C,Nataf S

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Long-term, persistent central nervous system inflammation is commonly seen following brain infection. Using a murine model of viral encephalitis (murine cytomegalovirus, MCMV) we have previously shown that post-encephalitic brains are maintained in an inflammatory state consisting of glial cell reactivity, retention o...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Lokensgard JR,Schachtele SJ,Mutnal MB,Sheng WS,Prasad S,Hu S

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhibition of Rho-kinase (ROCK) with Y27632 stimulates sprouting by injured corticospinal tract and dorsal column tract axons, and accelerates functional recovery. However, regeneration of these axons across the glial scar was not observed. Here we examined the effects of Y27632 treatment on chondroitin sulfate proteo...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Chan CC,Wong AK,Liu J,Steeves JD,Tetzlaff W

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is a ubiquitous nuclear enzyme involved in genomic stability. Excessive oxidative DNA strand breaks lead to PARP-1-induced depletion of cellular NAD(+), glycolytic rate, ATP levels, and eventual cell death. Glutamate neurotransmission is tightly controlled by ATP-dependent astroc...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Tang KS,Suh SW,Alano CC,Shao Z,Hunt WT,Swanson RA,Anderson CM

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Much of the cell death following episodes of anoxia and ischemia in the mammalian central nervous system has been attributed to extracellular accumulation of glutamate and ATP, which causes a rise in [Ca(2+)](i), loss of mitochondrial potential, and cell death. However, restoration of blood flow and reoxygenation are ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Domercq M,Mato S,Soria FN,Sánchez-gómez MV,Alberdi E,Matute C

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:IQSEC3, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for ADP-ribosylation factors (ARF-GEFs) is specifically expressed at GABAergic synapses, and its loss increases seizure susceptibility in mice. However, the contribution of microglia to initiation and/or progression of seizures in IQSEC3-deficient mice has not been investig...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Park D,Kim S,Kim H,Shin J,Jung H,Um JW

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglial cells have a double life as the immune cells of the brain in times of stress but have also specific physiological functions in homeostatic conditions. In pathological contexts, microglia undergo a phenotypic switch called "reaction" that promotes the initiation and the propagation of neuro-inflammation. Rea...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Hirbec H,Marmai C,Duroux-Richard I,Roubert C,Esclangon A,Croze S,Lachuer J,Peyroutou R,Rassendren F

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00