Non-myelin-forming perisynaptic schwann cells express protein zero and myelin-associated glycoprotein.

abstract：:Astroglial dysfunction plays an important role in neurodegenerative diseases otherwise attributed to neuronal loss of function. Here we focus on the role of astroglia in ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T), a disease caused by mutations in the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene. A hallmark of A-T pathology is progressiv...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Campbell A,Bushman J,Munger J,Noble M,Pröschel C,Mayer-Pröschel M

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell death in the oligodendrocyte lineage occurs during development and in pathological conditions as the result of a balance between opposing molecular signals. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms of activation of signal transduction pathways affecting life/death decisions in progenitor cells and in matur...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Casaccia-Bonnefil P

更新日期：2000-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Accumulating evidence indicates that astrocytes are actively involved in the physiological and pathophysiological functions of the brain. Intracellular Ca2+ signaling, especially Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), is considered to be crucial for the regulation of astrocytic functions. Mice with genetic ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Okubo Y,Kanemaru K,Suzuki J,Kobayashi K,Hirose K,Iino M

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Replication-defective Moloney murine leukemia virus expressing the GAD67 gene under the control of the GFAP promoter was produced using selected clones of a fibroblast-packaging cell line. A spontaneously immortalized astrocyte cell line was infected with this virus and cellular clones expressing GAD67 selected. Astro...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Sacchettoni SA,Benchaibi M,Sindou M,Belin MF,Jacquemont B

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Free glycine is known to have vital functions in the mammalian brain, where it serves mainly as both neurotransmitter and neuromodulator. Despite its importance, little is known about the metabolic pathways of glycine synthesis and degradation in the central nervous system. In this study, the pathway of glycine metabo...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Verleysdonk S,Martin H,Willker W,Leibfritz D,Hamprecht B

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The X-linked mutation rumpshaker (rsh), which is probably an allele of jimpy (jp), causes hypomyelination in the CNS of mice. This study examines the developmental expression of the morphology, glial cells, and immunostaining of myelin proteins in the optic nerve and spinal cord. The optic nerve contains varying numbe...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Fanarraga ML,Griffiths IR,McCulloch MC,Barrie JA,Kennedy PG,Brophy PJ

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synaptic zinc ions released during synaptic transmission interact with pre- and postsynaptic neuroreceptors, thus modulating neurotransmission. It is likely that they have to be efficiently cleared from the extracellular milieu to assure subsequent synaptic events. Both neurons and glia are assumed to participate in t...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Varea E,Alonso-Llosà G,Molowny A,Lopez-Garcia C,Ponsoda X

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have developed a novel method of isolating and culturing murine colonic mucosal glial cells. Two morphologies are appreciated, a small flat bi or tri polar cell and a larger multipolar cell. The glial cultures have been freed of contaminating fibroblasts and epithelial cells and have been passaged by trypsinization...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Bernstein CN,Vidrich A

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transient global ischemia induces CA1 hippocampal neuronal death without astrocyte death, perhaps mediated in part by the toxic translocation of zinc from presynaptic terminals to postsynaptic neurons. We tested the hypothesis that cellular depolarization, which occurs in the ischemic brain due to increased extracellu...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Sheline CT,Takata T,Ying H,Canzoniero LM,Yang A,Yu SP,Choi DW

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The removal by phagocytosis of degenerated myelin is central for repair in Wallerian degeneration that follows traumatic injury to axons and in autoimmune demyelinating diseases (e.g., multiple sclerosis). We tested for roles played by the cAMP cascade in the regulation of myelin phagocytosis mediated by complement re...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Makranz C,Cohen G,Reichert F,Kodama T,Rotshenker S

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammatory changes have been found in Parkinson's disease, in humans intoxicated with the parkinsonian toxin MPTP, and in animal models of the disease. However, it is still not known whether inflammatory changes are responsible for active nerve cell death or if they have a protective role against neurodegeneration. ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Barcia C,Sánchez Bahillo A,Fernández-Villalba E,Bautista V,Poza Y Poza M,Fernández-Barreiro A,Hirsch EC,Herrero MT

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unlike microglia and NG2 glia, astrocytes are incapable of migrating to sites of injury in the posttraumatic cerebral cortex, instead relying on proliferation to replenish their numbers and distribution in the affected region. However, neither the spectrum of their proliferative repertoire nor their postinjury distrib...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Lange Canhos L,Chen M,Falk S,Popper B,Straub T,Götz M,Sirko S

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glial cells from different brain regions and species are depolarized by the neurotransmitter glutamate. The depolarization or, if voltage-clamped at the resting membrane potential, the inward current induced by glutamate could be due either to activation of receptor-coupled ion channels or electrogenic uptake of the t...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Sontheimer H,Kettenmann H,Backus KH,Schachner M

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:GABA receptors are distributed widely throughout the central nervous system on a variety of cell types. It has become increasingly clear that astrocytes, both in cell culture and tissue slices, express abundant GABAA receptors. In astrocytes, GABA activates Cl(-)-specific channels that are modulated by barbiturates an...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Fraser DD,Mudrick-Donnon LA,MacVicar BA

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The reaction of astroglia was investigated after unilateral destruction of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus in the primary visual cortex of adult albino rats. The destruction of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus was performed by stereotaxic injections of ibotenic acid, and the location was verified in Nissl s...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Hajós F,Kálmán M,Zilles K,Schleicher A,Sótonyi P

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhibition of Rho-kinase (ROCK) with Y27632 stimulates sprouting by injured corticospinal tract and dorsal column tract axons, and accelerates functional recovery. However, regeneration of these axons across the glial scar was not observed. Here we examined the effects of Y27632 treatment on chondroitin sulfate proteo...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Chan CC,Wong AK,Liu J,Steeves JD,Tetzlaff W

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:NG2 is a type 1 integral membrane glycoprotein encoded by the Cspg4 gene. It is expressed on glial progenitor cells known as NG2 glial cells or oligodendrocyte precursor cells that exist widely throughout the developing and mature central nervous system and vascular mural cells but not on mature oligodendrocytes, astr...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Gotoh H,Wood WM,Patel KD,Factor DC,Boshans LL,Nomura T,Tesar PJ,Ono K,Nishiyama A

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of microglia, the brain resident macrophages, in glioma biology is still ill-defined. Despite their cytotoxic potential, these cells that significantly infiltrate the tumor mass seem to support tumor growth rather than tumor eradication. A proper activation of microglia anti-tumor activities within the tumor ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Mora R,Abschuetz A,Kees T,Dokic I,Joschko N,Kleber S,Geibig R,Mosconi E,Zentgraf H,Martin-Villalba A,Régnier-Vigouroux A

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the last decade, microRNAs have been increasingly recognized as key modulators of glial development. Recently, we identified miR-125a-3p as a new player in oligodendrocyte physiology, regulating in vitro differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). Here, we show that miR-125a-3p is upregulated in acti...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Marangon D,Boda E,Parolisi R,Negri C,Giorgi C,Montarolo F,Perga S,Bertolotto A,Buffo A,Abbracchio MP,Lecca D

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is known to promote proliferation of both retinal progenitors and Muller glia in vitro, but several questions remain concerning an in vivo role for this factor. In this study, we investigated whether the EGF receptor (EGFR) is necessary for the maintenance of normal levels of progenitor a...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Close JL,Liu J,Gumuscu B,Reh TA

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glutamate transporters are involved in maintaining extracellular glutamate at a low level to ensure a high signal-to-noise ratio for glutamatergic neurotransmission and to protect neurons from excitotoxic damage. The mammalian retina is known to express the excitatory amino acid transporters, EAAT1-5; however, their s...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Sarthy VP,Pignataro L,Pannicke T,Weick M,Reichenbach A,Harada T,Tanaka K,Marc R

更新日期：2005-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the optic nerve, as an analogous tissue to brain white matter, to assess possible relationships between changes in the blood-nerve barrier, axonal integrity, and astrocyte morphology in the central nervous system during fatal murine cerebral malaria (FMCM). In the FMCM model, namely, CBA mice infected with...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Ma N,Madigan MC,Chan-Ling T,Hunt NH

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:ATP stimulates arachidonic acid mobilization and eicosanoid production in cultured astrocytes via P2Y-purinergic receptors. To assist in determining the mechanism of phospholipase A2 activation and the role of calcium in eicosanoid production, cultures were pretreated with pertussis toxin (PTx). ATP-evoked eicosanoid ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Bruner G,Murphy S

更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glial cells have been shown to express several biophysically and pharmacology distinct potassium channel types. However, the molecular identity of most glial K+ channels is unknown. We have developed an antibody specific for the Shaker type potassium channel Kv1.5 protein, and demonstrate by immunohistochemistry the p...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Roy ML,Saal D,Perney T,Sontheimer H,Waxman SG,Kaczmarek LK

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute liver failure (ALF) is consistently accompanied by alterations in brain energy metabolites and recent nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies suggest disturbances in brain oxidative metabolism in experimental ALF. Glucose transport across the blood-brain barrier is essential to sustain brain energy metabolism a...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Bélanger M,Desjardins P,Chatauret N,Butterworth RF

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship between radial glia and neurons migrating tangentially from the ganglionic eminence (GE) has been suggested but not firmly established. To study this relationship we used a ferret model of cortical dysplasia where radial glia are highly disorganized. To produce this, an antimitotic, methylazoxy methan...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Poluch S,Juliano SL

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The dorsal root entry zone is a PNS-CNS junction between Schwann cells and astrocytes, defining the site where dorsal root ganglia (DRG) axons enter the adult mammalian spinal cord. Following dorsal root injury (rhizotomy), DRG axons regenerate within the PNS environment of the root but stop at the DREZ and fail to re...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Golding JP,Bird C,McMahon S,Cohen J

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of cholinergic agonists and antagonists on the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) of leech neuropile glial cells was investigated by use of iontophoretically injected fura-2. In neuropile glial cells, cholinergic agonists induced a marked increase in [Ca2+]i that was inhibited by d-tubocurarine...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Hochstrate P,Schlue WR

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Schwann cells develop from neural crest cells in an ordered series of events and give rise to myelinating and nonmyelinating subtypes. In their mature state, myelinating Schwann cells produce myelin sheaths that provide trophic support to axons and allow saltatory conduction in the vertebrate peripheral nervous system...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Fröb F,Wegner M

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accumulating evidence has revealed that astrocytes are potential targets for various neurotransmitters. Here we investigated the effects of prostaglandins (PGs) on signal transduction in purified primary cultures of rat type-1 and type-2 astrocytes. PGF2 alpha, PGD2, and 9 alpha,11 beta-PGF2, a metabolite of PGD2 and ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Ito S,Sugama K,Inagaki N,Fukui H,Giles H,Wada H,Hayaishi O

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00