Glutamate transport by retinal Muller cells in glutamate/aspartate transporter-knockout mice.

abstract：:Transplantation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) results in efficient remyelination in animal models of demyelination. However, the experiments so far undertaken have not addressed the need for tissue-type matching to achieve graft-mediated remyelination. Examination of MHC expression (main determinant of all...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Tepavcević V,Blakemore WF

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In previous work, we demonstrated that NF-κB p50 acts as crucial regulator of adult hippocampal neural progenitor cells (ahNPC). Indeed, NF-κB p50 knockout (KO) mice are characterized by remarkably reduced hippocampal neurogenesis. As a follow up to that work, herein we show that when cultured in vitro, ahNPC from wil...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Cvijetic S,Bortolotto V,Manfredi M,Ranzato E,Marengo E,Salem R,Canonico PL,Grilli M

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glial growth factors are proteins encoded by the neuregulin gene and are thought to signal via receptor tyrosine kinases. Many neuregulin gene products bind heparin, and we hypothesize that affinity for heparin may implicate cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HeSPGs) as co-receptors for the soluble neuregulin...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Sudhalter J,Whitehouse L,Rusche JR,Marchionni MA,Mahanthappa NK

更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Much of our present knowledge of glial cell function stems from studies of glioma cell lines, both rodent (C6, C6 polyploid, and TR33B) and human (1321N1, 138MG, D384, R-111, T67, Tp-276MG, Tp-301MG, Tp-483MG, Tp-387MG, U-118MG, U-251MG, U-373MG, U-787MG, U-1242MG, and UC-11MG). New methods such as patch clamp and Ca2...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Brismar T

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia survey the brain environment by sensing several types of diffusible molecules, among which extracellular nucleotides released/leaked from damaged cells have central roles. Microglia sense ATP or other nucleotides by multiple P2 receptors, after which they change into several different phenotypes. However, so...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Imura Y,Morizawa Y,Komatsu R,Shibata K,Shinozaki Y,Kasai H,Moriishi K,Moriyama Y,Koizumi S

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The interactions between migrating glioma cells and myelinated fiber tracts are poorly understood. We identified that C6 glioma cells can migrate along myelinated chicken retinal axons in a novel coculture, thereby expressing small GTPases of the Rho family and serine/threonine Rho-associated kinases (ROCKs). We found...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Oellers P,Schröer U,Senner V,Paulus W,Thanos S

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia undergo dynamic structural and transcriptional changes during the immune response to traumatic brain injury (TBI). For example, TBI causes microglia to form rod-shaped trains in the cerebral cortex, but their contribution to inflammation and pathophysiology is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Witcher KG,Bray CE,Dziabis JE,McKim DB,Benner BN,Rowe RK,Kokiko-Cochran ON,Popovich PG,Lifshitz J,Eiferman DS,Godbout JP

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Astrocytes are thought to play a variety of key roles in the adult brain, such as their participation in synaptic transmission, in wound healing upon brain injury, and adult neurogenesis. However, to elucidate these functions in vivo has been difficult because of the lack of astrocyte-specific gene targeting. Here we ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Mori T,Tanaka K,Buffo A,Wurst W,Kühn R,Götz M

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:alpha-Syntrophin, a member of the dystrophin-associated protein complex, is required for proper localization of the water channel aquaporin-4 at the blood-brain barrier. Mice lacking alpha-syntrophin have reduced levels of aquaporin-4 in perivascular astroglial endfeet. Consequently, they exhibit reduced edema and inf...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Bragg AD,Amiry-Moghaddam M,Ottersen OP,Adams ME,Froehner SC

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The failure of the adult injured spinal cord to support axonal regeneration is in part attributed to the glial scar. Reactive astrocytes constitute a major cellular component of the glial scar and are heterogeneous with respect to the extracellular matrix proteins that they secrete. Astrocytes may produce antiregenera...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Gris P,Tighe A,Levin D,Sharma R,Brown A

更新日期：2007-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:To study the function of astrocytes in the adult brain, we have targeted the expression of E. coli nitroreductase (NTR) to the astrocytes of transgenic mice under the control of the GFAP promoter. The astrocytes expressing NTR were selectively ablated after administration of the prodrug CB1954, resulting in motor disc...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Cui W,Allen ND,Skynner M,Gusterson B,Clark AJ

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Astrocytes play an important role in neuroprotective responses. Recent studies indicate that endothelin-1, a neuropeptide upregulated during brain injury, increases levels of the endocannabinoid anandamide, a lipid with neuroprotective properties, in astrocytes in primary cultures. However, whether this neuropeptide a...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Walter L,Stella N

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the effect of receptor blockade induced by an angiotensin II type-1 receptor antagonist (AT(1)-RB) on glial and vascular changes in oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR), a model of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). OIR was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by exposure to 80% oxygen from postnatal (P) days 0-1...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Downie LE,Pianta MJ,Vingrys AJ,Wilkinson-Berka JL,Fletcher EL

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We demonstrate that there are significantly more p75 neurotrophin receptor- (NTR)-expressing cells in olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) primary cultures from olfactory nerve rootlets (ONR), but a greater proportion of O4 antigen- and PSA-NCAM-expressing cells in parallel cultures from the nerve fibre layer of the olfac...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kumar R,Hayat S,Felts P,Bunting S,Wigley C

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammation has been linked to the induction of apneas and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, whereas proinflammatory mediators inhibit breathing when applied peripherally or directly into the CNS. Considering that peripheral inflammation can activate microglia in the CNS and that this cell type can directly release all p...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Lorea-Hernández JJ,Morales T,Rivera-Angulo AJ,Alcantara-Gonzalez D,Peña-Ortega F

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been suggested that astrocytic glutamate release or perturbed glutamate metabolism contributes to the proneness to epileptic seizures. Here we investigated whether astrocytic contents of the major glutamate degrading enzymes glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) decreases on moving from th...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Hammer J,Alvestad S,Osen KK,Skare Ø,Sonnewald U,Ottersen OP

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and its receptor TrkC are known to be important for neuronal survival. More recently, NT-3 has been implicated as playing a role in oligodendrocyte (OL) proliferation and survival in vitro. Examination of NT-3 and TrkC knockout mice revealed a reduction in NT-3-dependent neurons. To date, no stud...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kahn MA,Kumar S,Liebl D,Chang R,Parada LF,De Vellis J

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synemin, a very unique type VI intermediate filament (IF) protein, exhibits alternative splice variants termed alpha and beta. Unlike other IF proteins, synemin binds to actin-associated proteins, including alpha-actinin, vinculin, and alpha-dystrobrevin. Our previous work has demonstrated the presence of synemin in d...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Jing R,Pizzolato G,Robson RM,Gabbiani G,Skalli O

更新日期：2005-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The addition of isolated neurons to monolayers of cultured astrocytes induced a morphological change in the astrocytes that came into contact with the added neuronal cell bodies or neurites. The change, which included an increase in the complexity of cell shape, took at least 3 days to become detectable and was enhanc...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Matsutani S,Yamamoto N

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) is a major output nucleus of the basal ganglia circuitry particularly sensitive to pathological dopamine depletion. Indeed, hyperactivity of SNr neurons is known to be responsible for some motor disorders characteristic of Parkinson's disease. The neuronal processing of basal...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Bosson A,Boisseau S,Buisson A,Savasta M,Albrieux M

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Myelination in corpus callosum plays important role for normal brain functions by transferring neurological information between various brain regions. However, the factors controlling expression of myelin genes in myelination are poorly understood. Here, CXXC5, a recently identified protein with CXXC-type zinc finger ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kim MY,Kim HY,Hong J,Kim D,Lee H,Cheong E,Lee Y,Roth J,Kim DG,Min do S,Choi KY

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The red nucleus (RN) has been widely used to study the formation and remodeling of synaptic connections during development and in post-lesion plasticity. Since glial cells are thought to contribute to synaptic plasticity, and information on functional properties of brain stem glia is missing, we analyzed voltage-gated...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Akopian G,Kuprijanova E,Kressin K,Steinhüser C

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuroadapted Sindbis Virus (NSV) is a neuronotropic virus that causes hindlimb paralysis in susceptible mice and rats. The authors and others have demonstrated that though death of infected motor neurons occurs, bystander death of uninfected neurons also occurs and both contribute to the paralysis that ensues followin...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Carmen J,Gowing G,Julien JP,Kerr D

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with immune-mediated pathogenesis is frequently associated with enhanced expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on resident glial cells, including astrocytes. Recently, a soluble form of ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) has been demonstrated within the CNS and cerebrospina...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Lyons PD,Benveniste EN

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Galactosylceramide (GalC) is the major sphingolipid of the myelin membrane. Mice lacking GalC due to ceramide galactosyltransferase (CGT) deficiency form unstable and functionally affected myelin and exhibit a progressive demyelination, accompanied by severe motor coordination deficits. In addition to oligodendrocytes...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Zöller I,Büssow H,Gieselmann V,Eckhardt M

更新日期：2005-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Two membrane-localized transporter proteins (GLYT1 and GLYT2) are responsible for removal of extracellular glycine in the mammalian CNS. Whereas GLYT1 seems to be expressed mainly in glial cells, GLYT2 is neuronal. The highest concentrations of both transporters are found in glycinergic areas of the nervous system. Th...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Zafra F,Poyatos I,Gimenez C

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cannabinoid agonists might serve as neuroprotective agents in neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we examined this hypothesis in a rat model of Huntington's disease (HD) generated by intrastriatal injection of the mitochondrial complex II inhibitor malonate. Our results showed that only compounds able to activate CB2 r...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Sagredo O,González S,Aroyo I,Pazos MR,Benito C,Lastres-Becker I,Romero JP,Tolón RM,Mechoulam R,Brouillet E,Romero J,Fernández-Ruiz J

更新日期：2009-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The electron donors glutathione and thioredoxin play many vital roles in the mechanisms of cells to cope with oxidative stress. Critical to such antioxidant functions are the ability to synthesize glutathione and keep it reduced via glutathione reductase and the ability to reduce oxidized-thioredoxin via thioredoxin r...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Eftekharpour E,Holmgren A,Juurlink BH

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Within the last few years, the expression of voltage-dependent, TTX-sensitive Na+ channels has been demonstrated in several types of neuroglial cells such as astrocytes and Schwann cells. Recently, we reported the occurrence of such Na+ currents in retinal Müller (glial) cells from dog and cat. This paper deals with t...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Chao TI,Skachkov SN,Eberhardt W,Reichenbach A

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the optic nerve, as an analogous tissue to brain white matter, to assess possible relationships between changes in the blood-nerve barrier, axonal integrity, and astrocyte morphology in the central nervous system during fatal murine cerebral malaria (FMCM). In the FMCM model, namely, CBA mice infected with...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Ma N,Madigan MC,Chan-Ling T,Hunt NH

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00