Mechanisms of disease progression in NASH: new paradigms.

abstract：:The diagnosis of AIH depends on the finding of several suggestive features together with careful exclusion of liver diseases of other etiologies. Wherever possible, the diagnosis should be confirmed histologically by an experienced hepatopathologist. Seronegativity for the conventional autoantibodies at presentation d...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： McFarlane IG

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Histologic cholestasis and clinical jaundice may be seen in all stages of alcoholic liver disease. In rare cases, isolated cholestasis without significant steatosis, hepatitis, or cirrhosis is identified in an alcoholic patient. The mechanisms of ethanol-induced cholestasis are not well studied but may involve compres...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Tung BY,Carithers RL Jr

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A variety of benign and malignant neoplasms can be encountered in the liver. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained tissue sections alone may not yield sufficient information to definitively diagnose liver tumors; therefore, ancillary studies with immunohistochemical markers can play a crucial role in differentiating the diffe...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Chan ES,Yeh MM

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acetaminophen (APAP) is the leading worldwide cause of drug overdose and acute liver failure (ALF). Single overdose ingestion and therapeutic misadventure may cause hepatotoxicity. Several factors, such as concomitant alcohol use or abuse, concurrent medications, genetic factors, and nutritional status, can influence ...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Bunchorntavakul C,Reddy KR

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Primary liver cancer is the fifth most common malignancy worldwide and the third leading cause of cancer mortality. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in the United States encompassing a spectrum of entities marked by hepatic steatosis in the absence of significant alco...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Page JM,Harrison SA

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cirrhosis is a complex process in which the architecture of the liver is replaced by structurally abnormal nodules due to cirrhosis. Cirrhosis frequently leads to the development of portal hypertension. In children, portal hypertension may be caused by a wide range of etiologies, including extrahepatic portal vein obs...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Chapin CA,Bass LM

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatotoxicity associated with any antibiotic is rare. With the wide-spread use of antimicrobial agents, however, hepatic injury is not an infrequent occurrence. Penicillins remain a widely used class of antimicrobials with a well defined record of low hepatotoxicity. The combination of clavulanate with amoxicillin ma...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Thiim M,Friedman LS

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare but highly fatal condition. The most common causes include drug-induced and viral hepatitis, but other less common etiologies, especially autoimmune hepatitis, Budd-Chiari syndrome, and Wilson disease, need to be considered. Because diagnosis is frequently tied to potential for reve...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Rosenblatt R,Brown RS Jr

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There have been major advances in the field of hepatitis B (HBV) over the last few decades. These advances have resulted in the understanding of the natural history of chronic HBV infection, effective vaccines against the virus, sensitive assays for screening and monitoring of treatment, and effective treatments for v...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Lai M,Liaw YF

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Serologic assays for HBV are the mainstay diagnostic tools for HBV infection. However, the advent of molecular biology-based techniques has added a new dimension to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with chronic HBV infection. Over the past decade, improvements in molecular technology, permitting detection of as...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Servoss JC,Friedman LS

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy is predominantly clinical, and the tests available assist in the diagnosis only by excluding other causes. Covert hepatic encephalopathy, which is defined as abnormal performance on psychometric tests when standard neurologic examination is completely normal, has gained widespre...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Edula RG,Pyrsopoulos NT

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The DILI-sim Initiative is a public-private partnership using quantitative systems toxicology to build a model (DILIsym) capable of understanding and predicting liver safety liabilities in drug candidates. The effort has provided insights into mechanisms underlying dose-dependent drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and i...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Watkins PB

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The management of autoimmune and cholestatic liver disorders is a challenging area of hepatology. Autoimmune and cholestatic liver diseases represent a comparatively small proportion of hepatobiliary disorders, yet their appropriate management is of critical importance for patient survival. In this article, management...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Krok KL,Munoz SJ

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the past two decades, pediatric liver transplantation has become the state-of-the-art operation with anticipated success and limited mortality. The future success of pediatric liver transplantation will require thoughtful solutions to the delicate balance of risk to donors and recipients, the complex needs of the a...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Tiao G,Ryckman FC

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver disorder that can be divided into benign steatosis or nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Elastography and scoring systems based on clinical features and routine biochemical testing can be used to assess fibrosis in patient...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Gunn NT,Shiffman ML

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Xenotransplantation of the liver, in its broadest conception, might involve the transplantation of an intact organ or xenogeneic hepatocytes, or the use of an intact xenogeneic liver or cells as an ex vivo "device." The indications for xenotransplantation include not only hepatic failure but also, potentially, the tre...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Kanai N,Platt JL

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an immune-mediated, autodestructive liver disease with hepatocytes as target cells, mostly affecting young women. Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is also regarded as an autoimmune liver disease with bile duct epithelia as the target cells, resulting in a continuous loss of bile ducts. Bot...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Dienes HP,Erberich H,Dries V,Schirmacher P,Lohse A

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:HCV infection becomes persistent in many patients who are otherwise immune competent. There is increasing support for potential contribution of innate immune response and viral interference with its components to the subsequent outcome. As for the adaptive immune response, humoral immunity may be largely ineffective d...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Chang KM

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the introduction of small bowel capsule endoscopy, and more recently of esophageal capsule endoscopy, these diagnostic tools have become available for the evaluation of the consequences of portal hypertension in the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine. The main advantage of the esophageal and the small bowel...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Rondonotti E,Villa F,Dell' Era A,Tontini GE,de Franchis R

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Autoimmune liver diseases have much in common with each other, and there are clear associations with genetic haplotypes. Elegant studies have shown autoimmune liver disease induced by viruses and drugs. Although there is evidence for nonimmunological events precipitating immune disease, especially in primary sclerosin...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Peters MG

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatocellular carcinoma can be treated using minimally invasive, image-guided, catheter-based or percutaneous techniques. Such procedures offer compelling clinical outcomes with a favorable side-effect profile in a population of patients who are poor candidates for surgical or systemic treatment. This article discuss...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Habib A,Desai K,Hickey R,Thornburg B,Lewandowski R,Salem R

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) can be predictable or idiosyncratic and has an estimated incidence of approximately 20 cases per 100,000 persons per year. DILI is a common cause of acute liver failure in the United States. No accurate tests for diagnosing DILI exist, and its diagnosis is based on exclusion of other c...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Gonzalez HC,Jafri SM,Gordon SC

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With obesity reaching epidemic proportions in the United States, it is imperative that hepatologists have an understanding of the medical ramifications and methods of treatment. Evaluation of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease may get the patient into the office,but weight reduction may provide a therapeutic hurdle. Thi...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Bouneva I,Kirby DF

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis share some clinical features with autoimmune hepatitis, but when features of autoimmune hepatitis are present, prognosis can be affected and immunosuppressive treatment warranted. The presence of severe interface hepatitis in primary biliary cirrhosis porten...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Mayo MJ

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Both covert hepatic encephalopathy (CHE) and overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE) impair the ability to operate machinery. The legal responsibilities of US physicians who diagnose and treat patients with hepatic encephalopathy vary among states. It is imperative that physicians know the laws regarding reporting in their...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Vierling JM

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Scientists and clinicians have made tremendous advances in understanding the pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and have developed impressive strategies for treating this hepatotropic virus in the short time since its discovery in 1989. This article goes beyond the current guidelines for the treatment o...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Darling JM,Fried MW

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Viral hepatitis can cause a wide spectrum of clinical presentations from a benign form with minimal or no symptoms to acute liver failure or death. Hepatitis D coinfection and superinfection have distinct clinical courses, with the latter more likely leading to chronic infection. Management of chronic hepatitis D viru...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Cheung A,Kwo P

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Artificial liver-support devices attempt to bridge patients with fulminant hepatic failure until either a suitable liver allograft is obtained for transplantation or the patient's own liver regenerates sufficiently to resume normal function. It is thought that toxins contribute to the clinical picture of fulminant hep...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Sechser A,Osorio J,Freise C,Osorio RW

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The greatest challenge facing liver transplantation today is the shortage of donor livers. Demand far exceeds supply, and this deficit has driven expansion of what is considered an acceptable organ. The evolving standard has not come without costs, however, as each new frontier of expanded donor quality (i.e., advanci...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Feng S,Lai JC

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Noncirrhotic portal hypertension represents a heterogeneous group of conditions that have distinct clinical and hemodynamic features that often help distinguish them from cirrhosis. [figure: see text] The sites of portal flow resistance may not be precisely localized to one area of the hepatic lobule and may extend be...

journal_title：Clinics in liver disease

authors： Molina E,Reddy KR

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00