Abstract：
:Noncirrhotic portal hypertension represents a heterogeneous group of conditions that have distinct clinical and hemodynamic features that often help distinguish them from cirrhosis. [figure: see text] The sites of portal flow resistance may not be precisely localized to one area of the hepatic lobule and may extend beyond the site where the pathogenetic process began. Even in patients with portal hypertension caused by an increased flow, there may be subsequent development of increased resistance. The prognosis is variable; outcomes are better in patients with presinusoidal portal hypertension. A good understanding of the presentation of the various noncirrhotic conditions that cause portal hypertension will help determine the cause, the site of resistance, and the therapeutic plan. Ascites is not a feature of presinusoidal portal hypertension, whereas it may be the predominant feature in postsinusoidal portal hypertension.
journal_name
Clin Liver Disjournal_title
Clinics in liver diseaseauthors
Molina E,Reddy KRdoi
10.1016/s1089-3261(05)70191-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-08-01 00:00:00pages
769-87issue
3eissn
1089-3261issn
1557-8224pii
S1089-3261(05)70191-4journal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Mathematical modeling of hepatitis C viral kinetics has been an important tool in understanding hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection dynamics and in estimating crucial in vivo parameters characterizing the effectiveness of HCV therapy. Because of the introduction of direct-acting antiviral agents, there is a need to exte...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2012.09.003
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Current prophylactic measures have greatly reduced recurrence rates of hepatitis B after liver transplantation. HBIG remains a critically important compound and although there is variability in dosing regimens and target anti-HBs levels, it is the backbone of recurrence prevention. Adjuvant therapies with nucleoside/n...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2004.02.011
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serologic assays for HBV are the mainstay diagnostic tools for HBV infection. However, the advent of molecular biology-based techniques has added a new dimension to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with chronic HBV infection. Over the past decade, improvements in molecular technology, permitting detection of as...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2004.02.001
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Steatosis is a common finding in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) due to a combination of the direct steatogenic effect of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and the prevalence of metabolic risk factors in the HCV population. Steatosis is now established as a risk factor for disease progression in CHC and significantly im...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2004.06.007
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autoimmune liver diseases have much in common with each other, and there are clear associations with genetic haplotypes. Elegant studies have shown autoimmune liver disease induced by viruses and drugs. Although there is evidence for nonimmunological events precipitating immune disease, especially in primary sclerosin...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(05)70005-2
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Obesity has become increasingly prevalent, and the number of obese patients in need of liver transplant is expected to continue to increase. In addition, liver disease due to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is expected to become the leading cause of liver transplantation in the near future. However, obesity remains a...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2016.12.001
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With obesity reaching epidemic proportions in the United States, it is imperative that hepatologists have an understanding of the medical ramifications and methods of treatment. Evaluation of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease may get the patient into the office,but weight reduction may provide a therapeutic hurdle. Thi...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2004.04.003
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is emerging as the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. This trend is, in part, secondary, to the growing incidence of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Other risk factors include age, gender, race/ethnicity, genetic predisposition, and polycystic ovari...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2017.08.008
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) is increasingly recognized as an important and common public health problem that can lead to cirrhosis and hepatic failure. Because it is often asymptomatic,many people may not know that they have it. NAFL is closely linked to obesity, which in the United States and other developed coun...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2004.04.008
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a systemic disease with hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations, including neuropsychiatric conditions. Depression is a frequent disorder, which has been reported in one-third of patients with HCV infection and has an estimated prevalence of 1.5 to 4.0 times higher than that observ...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2017.03.007
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatocellular carcinoma can be treated using minimally invasive, image-guided, catheter-based or percutaneous techniques. Such procedures offer compelling clinical outcomes with a favorable side-effect profile in a population of patients who are poor candidates for surgical or systemic treatment. This article discuss...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2015.01.008
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Osteopenia, in the form of osteoporosis, is a common complication of chronic cholestatic liver diseases and, although its cause is poorly understood, it appears to be intimately related to the cholestasis itself. With more patients surviving longer with successful liver transplantation, the clinical significance of su...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(05)70015-5
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A human betaretrovirus has been characterized in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and the related mouse mammary tumor virus linked with autoimmune biliary disease in the NOD.c3c4 mouse model. Translational studies have been performed in patients who have PBC to investigate the role of viral infection in d...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2008.02.006
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The term "alcoholic liver disease" encompasses a spectrum of pathologic conditions ranging from isolated steatosis to established cirrhosis. Within this spectrum, varying degrees of inflammation, hepatocellular ballooning degeneration, hepatocyte necrosis, cholestasis, and fibrosis may be encountered. This article rev...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2016.02.006
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this article, the 4 phases of chronic HBV infection are reviewed and the factors that are associated with disease progression and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cirrhosis are discussed. Also discussed is what is known to date about how to identify persons at the highest risk of developing HCC...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2010.05.007
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Imaging and imaging guided intervention have revolutionized the management of hepatic inflammatory diseases. Pyogenic abscess is preferentially treated percutaneously. Radiologic techniques are crucial for the diagnosis of amebic liver abscess and infectious conditions of the liver in immunocompromised patients. ...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(03)00073-4
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Combination therapy with beta-blockers and endoscopic band ligation (EBL) is the standard prophylaxis of esophageal variceal rebleeding in cirrhosis. Beta-blockers are the backbone of combination therapy, since their benefit extend to other complications of portal hypertension. EBL carries the risk of post-banding ulc...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2014.01.007
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the liver disease associated with obesity, diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome. Although steatosis is a key histologic feature, liver biopsies of patients with NAFLD can show a wide range of findings. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive subtype of NAFLD fir...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2015.10.011
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is increasing at an astonishing rate in the US population. Although only a small proportion of these patients develop steatohepatitis (NASH), those who do have a greater likelihood of developing end-stage liver disease and complications. Research on liver fibrosis and ...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2012.05.002
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Liver dysfunction is common in both the critically ill and postoperative patient. Metabolic derangements secondary to sepsis, poor hepatic perfusion, total parenteral nutrition, in addition to hemodynamic and anesthetic-induced changes that occur during surgery, can cause liver damage ranging from small self-limited a...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2010.09.004
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:HCV infection becomes persistent in many patients who are otherwise immune competent. There is increasing support for potential contribution of innate immune response and viral interference with its components to the subsequent outcome. As for the adaptive immune response, humoral immunity may be largely ineffective d...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(02)00068-5
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Liver transplant (LT) is now an established indication for patients with chronic hepatitis B, mainly because of the development and use of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) and oral antivirals for prophylaxis. The combination of low-dose HBIG and antivirals has been considered the standard prophylaxis regimen to preve...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2016.06.004
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is characterized by the presence of high-titer disease specific autoantibodies directed against mitochondrial antigens (AMA) of the inner mitochondrial membrane, that are members of the 2-oxo acid complex. Among numerous other autoantibodies found in PBC the focus of ongoing studies is ...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(03)00104-1
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatotoxicity associated with any antibiotic is rare. With the wide-spread use of antimicrobial agents, however, hepatic injury is not an infrequent occurrence. Penicillins remain a widely used class of antimicrobials with a well defined record of low hepatotoxicity. The combination of clavulanate with amoxicillin ma...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(03)00021-7
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the intersection of alcohol ingestion with the law, medical ethics, and public safety, physicians are often unsure about how to proceed. Physicians' primary focus should be on patient education with an ethical and legal duty to warn the patient of the adverse effects of alcohol. Warning third parties of potential h...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2018.09.002
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The management of patients who have portal hypertension has changed dramatically over the last 2 decades. Pharmacologic therapy benefits the patient by reducing the risk for an initial bleed, improving the management of an acute bleed, and in reducing the risk for a rebleed. Endoscopic management has improved progress...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2006.08.020
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is prevalent in the cirrhotic population, it has also been considered a potentially reversible condition. Liver transplantation represents the ultimate reversal of the decompensated cirrhotic state and should provide the best option for the reversibility of HE. However, the neurolo...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2011.12.004
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Artificial liver-support devices attempt to bridge patients with fulminant hepatic failure until either a suitable liver allograft is obtained for transplantation or the patient's own liver regenerates sufficiently to resume normal function. It is thought that toxins contribute to the clinical picture of fulminant hep...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(05)70172-0
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatic changes resulting from the regular ingestion of alcohol are many and include fat infiltration, alcoholic hepatitis, and cirrhosis. Only 10% to 15% of chronic alcoholics develop liver disease. Women are more susceptible. An area of considerable importance is the high prevalence of concomitant infection with hep...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(05)70099-4
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Development of ethanol-induced fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and cirrhosis has been attributed in part to nutritional deficiencies for many years. Special attention must be focused on treating alcohol-induced liver disease while providing replacement of deficient amino acids, vitamins, minerals, and other nutrient...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2004.11.003
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
