Abstract:
:Older adults tend to have poorer outcomes compared to younger adults following moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Currently, there is a need for research focusing on how elderly TBI has changed as the U.S. population shifts. This study provides a statewide account of moderate-to-severe TBI in regard to injury-related variables and incidence rates in the elderly. Data from Pennsylvania accredited trauma centers collected in the Pennsylvania Trauma Outcome Study between 1992 and 2009 were used in the current study. Incidence rates for TBI were calculated using U.S. Census Bureau estimates for individuals aged 65-90 years (separated into three subgroups: ages 65-73, 74-82, and 83-90 years). In addition, we focused on describing the following injury-related variables: mechanism of injury, injury severity, hospital length of stay, and functional status at discharge. The results indicate that the incidence of elderly TBI has approximately doubled in the past 18 years, and that the increase in elderly TBI is greatest for individuals between the ages of 83 and 90. Furthermore, this age group had the poorest outcomes following TBI. Prevention and awareness of TBI in the elderly is imperative in reducing the likelihood of injury and disability. Continued statewide work is needed to demonstrate trends in elderly TBI nationwide to further add to the knowledge base used for prevention and rehabilitation work.
journal_name
J Neurotraumajournal_title
Journal of neurotraumaauthors
Ramanathan DM,McWilliams N,Schatz P,Hillary FGdoi
10.1089/neu.2011.2197subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-05-01 00:00:00pages
1371-8issue
7eissn
0897-7151issn
1557-9042journal_volume
29pub_type
杂志文章abstract::This study examines the effects of combination therapy of collagen scaffolds and human marrow stromal cells (hMSCs) on the expression of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats. Adult male Wistar rats (n=48) were injured with controlled cortical impact and treated either with scaf...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2010.1694
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate the time course and the correlation of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) serum levels to the severity of traumatic brain injury in rats. Sixty-five male Wistar rats were subjected to severe cortical impact injury (100 PSI, 2 mm deformation). Blood samples were drawn directly after ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/089771501300227378
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Striking gender differences have been reported in the pathophysiology and outcome of acute neurological injury. Greater neuroprotection in females versus males may be due, in part, to direct and indirect sex hormone-mediated antioxidant mechanisms. Progesterone administration decreases brain levels of F(2)-isoprostane...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/089771504772695896
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The striatum, together with the hippocampus, is one of the most vulnerable regions in the brain. Recently, genetic abnormalities or mutations have been linked to various neurodegenerative diseases, that is, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), etc., but the processes from gen...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2000.17.251
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Moderate hypothermia may reduce subsequent neuronal damage after traumatic brain injury. Interleukin (IL)-6 may have a role in the pathogenesis of traumatic neuronal damage or repair. Using the enzyme-linked immunological sorbent assay (ELISA), we serially measured IL-6 levels in plasma obtained from the radial artery...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1999.16.225
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The majority of studies do not support the use of the prophylactic anticonvulsants studied thus far for the prevention of late PTS. Routine seizure prophylaxis later than 1 week following head injury is, therefore, not recommended. If late PTS occur, patients should be managed in accordance with standard approaches to...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 指南,杂志文章,实务指引,评审
doi:10.1089/neu.2000.17.549
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytokine measurement directly from the brain parenchyma by means of microdialysis has documented the activation of certain procedures in vivo, after brain trauma in humans. However, the intercalation of the micro-catheter insertion with the phenomena triggered by the head trauma renders the assessment of the findings ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2011.1790
更新日期:2011-11-18 00:00:00
abstract::Increasing evidence indicates that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may develop following traumatic brain injury (TBI), despite most patients having no conscious memory of their accident. This prospective study examined the frequency, timing of onset, symptom profile, and trajectory of PTSD and its psychiatric co...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2015.3992
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is a potentially life-threatening syndrome in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) above the T6 spinal level that is characterized by episodic hypertension in response to noxious stimuli below the lesion. Maladaptive intraspinal plasticity is thought to contribute to the temporal develo...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2017.5184
更新日期:2018-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::4-Aminopyridine (4AP), a potassium channel antagonist, can improve hindlimb motor function in dogs with chronic thoracolumbar spinal cord injury (SCI); however, individual response is variable. We hypothesized that injury characteristics would differ between dogs that do and do not respond to 4AP. Our objective was to...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2018.5975
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated time course and characteristics of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death after partial optic nerve injury. In situ end labeling of DNA fragments with the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated deoxyuridine (dUTP)-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) method revealed the presence of apoptotic ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1999.16.153
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::It remains unclear whether the benefits of early surgical timing are significant in neurologically complete spinal cord injury (SCI). We wanted to compare the effects of early and late surgical timing on non-neurological outcomes in persons with traumatic complete SCI. All cases of traumatic complete SCI referred to a...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2013.2957
更新日期:2013-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Anecdotal observations of blast victims indicate that significant neuropathological and neurobehavioral defects may develop at later stages of life. To pre-clinically model this phenomenon, we have examined neurobehavioral changes in rats up to 1 year after exposure to single and tightly coupled repeated blasts using ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2019.6591
更新日期:2020-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Remarkable advances have been made in pharmacologic treatments of acute and chronic spinal cord injury. The recent National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study (NASCIS) showed that very high dose methylprednisolone given within 8 hr after injury improves neurologic recovery. The mechanism is believed to be inhibition of li...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using a structured outcome interview, this study addressed the validity and sensitivity to change of the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) and the Extended GOS (GOSE) in a prospective study of patients who sustained mild (n = 30) to moderate (n = 13) traumatic brain injury (TBI) or general trauma (n = 44). The patients were...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1089/089771501750291819
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic microvascular injury (tMVI) is a universal endophenotype of traumatic brain injury (TBI) that is responsible for significant neurological morbidity and mortality. The mechanism underlying tMVI is not fully understood. The present study aims to determine plasma levels of von Willebrand factor (VWF), a disinte...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2018.5696
更新日期:2019-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Over the last decade, biomarker research has identified potential biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Several cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum biomarkers have shown promise in predicting long-term outcome after severe TBI. Despite this increased focus on identify...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2012.2578
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was designed to investigate the additional benefits of a multimodal early onset stimulation (MEOS) paradigm when combined with enriched environment (EE) versus EE only and standard housing (SH) on the recovery after experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI). Male Sprague- Dawley rats were subjected to moder...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2005.22.772
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies measuring the volume of infarcted tissue and survival after pharmacologic intervention in stroke are complicated by the potential effect of survival time on infarct volume. In this study, the volume of infarcted tissue as defined by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining was determined in rabbits at 28 h...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1996.13.583
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::While autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is well recognized in the chronic stage of spinal cord injury (SCI) this potentially life-threatening complication has been only rarely documented in the acute phase (1 month) after SCI. Based on our clinical experience we hypothesized that AD is under-recognized in the acute phase of ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/089771503767869944
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many patients with mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) concurrently sustain extracranial injuries; however, little is known about the impact of these additional injuries on outcome. We assessed the impact of additional injuries on the severity of postconcussional symptoms (PCS) and functional outcome 6 months post-inju...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2006.23.1561
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Efforts to understand spinal cord injury (SCI) and other complex neurotrauma disorders at the pre-clinical level have shown progress in recent years. However, successful translation of basic research into clinical practice has been slow, partly because of the large, heterogeneous data sets involved. In this sense, tra...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2014.3399
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fatalities or injuries following motorized and non-motorized vehicle accidents (MNMVA) are reported by police or health care systems. However, limited data exist for spinal injuries. Using an epidemiological database of road accidents occurring in a defined geographic area, we measured the incidence of major spinal tr...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2009.1197
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Collaboration among investigators, centers, countries, and disciplines is essential to advancing the care for traumatic brain injury (TBI). It is thus important that we "speak the same language." Great variability, however, exists in data collection and coding of variables in TBI studies, confounding comparisons betwe...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2010.1617
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The horizontal ladder task is an established method to assess skilled locomotor recovery after neurological dysfunction. Walking speed is often used as a standardized measure in locomotor assessment of overground walking in human and pre-clinical studies, but the assessment of walking speed is typically ignored during...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2018.6152
更新日期:2019-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiometabolic risk factors are sorely underreported after spinal cord injury (SCI), despite the high prevalence of metabolic disorders and cardiovascular mortality in this population. Body-composition analysis and serum-lipid profiling are two assessments that are beginning to be more widely used to document metabol...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2009.1064
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a ubiquitous nuclear protein that is passively released from damaged and necrotic cells, and actively released from immune cells. In contrast, cytochrome c is released from mitochondria in apoptotic cells, and is considered a reliable biomarker of apoptosis. Thus, HMGB1 and cytochr...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2011.2171
更新日期:2012-07-20 00:00:00
abstract::Dementia pugilistica (DP) is associated with chronic traumatic brain injury (CTBI), and leads to a "punch drunk" syndrome characterized by impairments in memory and executive function, behavioral changes, and motor signs. Microscopic features include the accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), beta-amyloid (Aβ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2011.1957
更新日期:2012-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::Although mechanisms involved in progression of cell death in spinal cord injury (SCI) have been studied extensively, few are clear targets for translation to clinical application. One of the best-understood mechanisms of cell survival in SCI is phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and associated downstream signali...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2018.6294
更新日期:2019-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Fluid percussion brain injury is associated with an immediate rise in mean arterial pressure (MAP). However, the cerebral morphologic basis for this response is still not clear. Thirty-four anesthetized rats were injured using a lateral craniotomy preparation. In 19 rats, impact level was set at 1.73 +/- 0.04 atm, and...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1991.8.219
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00