Abstract:
:Zearalenone (ZEN) is a non-steroidal mycoestrogen that widely contaminates agricultural products. ZEN and its derivatives share similar molecular mechanisms and activity with estrogens and interact with ERα and ERβ leading to changes in the reproductive system in both animals and humans. The reduced form of ZEN, α-ZEA ralenol, has been used as an anabolic agent for animals and also proposed as hormonal replacement therapy in postmenopausal women. Furthermore, both zearelanol ZEN and derivatives have been patented as oral contraceptives. ZEN has been widely used in the United States since 1969 to improve fattening rates in cattle by increasing growth rate and feed conversion efficiency. Evidence of human harm from this practice is provided by observations of central precocious puberty. As a result, this practice has been banned by the European Union. As ZEN has been associated with breast enlargement in humans, it has been included in many bust-enhancing dietary supplements but epidemiological evidence is lacking with regard to breast cancer risk. Extensive work with human breast cancer cell lines has shown estrogenic stimulation in those possessing ER but a reduction in DMBA-induced breast cancers in rodents given ZEN. Protein disulfide isomerase provides a molecular biomarker of dietary exposure to ZEN and its derivatives allowing the detection and control of harmful food intake. The interaction of ZEN with anti-estrogens, anticancer agents and antioxidants requires further investigation.
journal_name
Int J Clin Practjournal_title
International journal of clinical practiceauthors
Pazaiti A,Kontos M,Fentiman ISdoi
10.1111/j.1742-1241.2011.02805.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-01-01 00:00:00pages
28-36issue
1eissn
1368-5031issn
1742-1241journal_volume
66pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:Elevated levels of blood lipids are considered a major modifiable risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. The optimal management of dyslipidaemia remains inadequate worldwide. Accordingly, there is an increasing need to evaluate the basis that health care providers are using to control dy...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ijcp.13784
更新日期:2020-10-23 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To assess the safety and efficacy of omarigliptin in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic renal impairment (RI). METHODS:Patients with T2DM with moderate RI (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] ≥30 to <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 ) (N=114), severe RI (eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m2 ) (N=55) or end-sta...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/ijcp.12955
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report an unusual presentation of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the thyroid which mimicked an acute infective thyroiditis and was associated with acute stridor and dysphagia. The mode of presentation and diagnosis of thyroid lymphoma are discussed and the value of early fine needle aspiration emphasised. ...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sulphonylureas (SUs) and biguanides (metformin) are the current mainstays in the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and represent the most commonly used oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHAs). In recent years, a variety of new OHAs have become available, including thiazolidinediones, glinides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors,...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2008.01980.x
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:It is undecided whether glucose control as advocated by the professional organisations and the glucose-lowering method by itself affects clinical outcome in patients with diabetes mellitus hospitalised in general medical wards. Our aim was to investigate whether a basal/bolus regimen and a modified prehospit...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2010.02384.x
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:Splenectomised patients are associated with lifelong risk of fatal overwhelming post-splenectomy infection (OPSI), which is mostly caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Today OPSI cases can still be reported even in patients with appropriate vaccination. In our study, the levels of vaccine-specific memory B- and T ce...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ijcp.13077
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This double-blind, randomised, controlled study compared the efficacy of candesartan cilexetil 8 mg (n = 87) and losartan 50 mg (n = 89), once daily for 6 weeks, relative to placebo (n = 80) in patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension (diastolic blood pressure (DBP): 95-115 mmHg). Ambulatory BP measuremen...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1368-5031.2006.00903.x
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this journal, Cummins et al reported an experiment that examined clinicians' predictions of causes of death from subjects' pre-morbid photographs. They found that clinicians performed at chance. The validity of two of their other conclusions are challenged. First, that clinicians routinely form impressions of how a...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:Infection is a major cause of increased mortality after a liver transplant (LT). This study sought to identify the incidence, prevalence and risk factors of microbial infection for recipients who underwent LT using grafts from donors after cardiac death (DCD). METHODS:We retrospectively analysed the frequency and ...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ijcp.12812
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Studies on macrovascular consequences of glucose control in elderly patients (>75 years) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are lacking. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between HbA(1c) and mortality in this specific population. METHODS:Between 1998 and 1999, 374 primary care patients wit...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2010.02596.x
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Smoking is the leading risk factor for preventable morbidity and mortality as a result of heart and lung diseases and various forms of cancer. Reimbursement coverage for smoking cessation therapies remains limited in Canada and the United States despite the health and economic benefits of smoking cessation. ...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ijcp.12363
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between plasma fibrinogen level and risk for cognitive decline and dementia in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Elderly patients with suspected cognitive impairment were screened and evaluated periodically. One hundred and eighty-five patients who met ...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2007.01268.x
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:We aimed to compare the effect of risedronate (RIS) and teriparatide (TPTD) (recombinant human parathyroid hormone 1-34) on bone turnover markers in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. METHODS:Forty-four Caucasian women (age 65.1 +/- 1.6 years) with postmenopausal osteoporosis were randomly assigned to receiv...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2008.01768.x
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Malnutrition is a crucial health problem predominantly in the developing countries. Malnutrition in children is one of the main risk factors for diseases and mortality. Club foot or congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) is the most common form of congenital orthopaedic abnormality. Over the past 20 years, th...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ijcp.13957
更新日期:2020-12-20 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:While physical activity (PA) is known to have positive effects on psychological and physical health, little is understood about the association between non-compensatory PA (ie, not compulsive or intended to control weight or shape) and psychopathology among individuals with eating-disorder features. The prese...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ijcp.13401
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Erectile dysfunction (ED) shares the same risk factors as coronary artery disease, so the level of occult cardiovascular risk in men with ED was assessed. A total of 174 men presenting with ED underwent cardiac risk stratification according to the Princeton Consensus Guidelines. Thirty per cent were stratified as inte...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The high prevalence of both hypovitaminosis D and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in the Asian community is well recognised, but the impact of diabetes on vitamin D status and vice versa, has not been well reported. AIMS:To determine the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in Asian patients with T2DM and its impact on g...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2009.02221.x
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This open multicentre study compared the efficacy and tolerability of clarithromycin and spiramycin in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections in Brazil and Colombia. A total of 125 patients with a clinical and radiological diagnosis of pneumonia, acute bronchitis or exacerbation of chronic bronchitis were...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tobacco dependence remains the major preventable cause of early mortality and morbidity in the developed world. The primary reinforcer of the dependence is the nicotine present in tobacco smoke and, for many smokers, successful treatment depends upon breaking this dependence. Until recently, the only specific pharmaco...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Our objective was to compare the efficacy and safety of imidafenacin over fesoterodine in patients with overactive bladder (OAB). METHODS:This study is a randomised, double-blind, parallel-group, fesoterodine-controlled study in patients with continuous OAB symptoms for ≥ 3 months, daily mean voiding frequency (D...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/ijcp.12272
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe the efficacy and safety of asenapine for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. DATA SOURCES:The pivotal registration trials were accessed by querying http://www.pubmed.gov, http://www.fda.gov and http://www.clinicaltrials.govfor the search terms 'asenapine' or 'ORG 5222'. STUDY SE...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2009.02228.x
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monomeric prolactin (PRL) of molecular weight 23 kDa constitutes up to 95% of adult serum PRL. Macroprolactin is a large antigen-antibody complex of molecular weight greater than 100 kDa and constitutes less than 1% of circulating PRL. Thus, in most cases, hyperprolactinaemia is usually a result of high levels of mono...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1368-5031.2006.00732.x
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to identify the aerobic and the anaerobic microorganisms which can be related to duct ectasia. The patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 comprised 100 patients with coloured nipple discharge (duct ectasia group), and Group 2 (the control group) was composed of 50 patients without nip...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2005.00619.x
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Intervention studies have shown that angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) may reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is currently unclear whether short-term therapy with ARBs affects metabolic parameters. METHODS:i-RESPOND, a randomised, controlled, multicentre, double-blind study evaluated the effec...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2009.02246.x
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The association between inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) use and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) development is uncertain. We conducted a population-based case-control study to investigate whether ICS use increases the risk of developing TB. METHODS:Tuberculosis patients aged 18 years and older were identified using the ...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ijcp.12459
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::People in a first episode of psychosis are receiving increasing attention. This study describes the demographic and clinical diagnostic features of a cohort of 84 cases of first episode psychosis presenting in North Derbyshire from October 1999 to October 2000. Forty-two cases falling within the schizophrenia spectrum...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In clinical practice, hyponatraemia was frequently found in patients with hydrocephalus. We conducted this study to determine the prevalence and risk factors for hyponatraemia in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). METHODS:We retrospectively reviewed all patients with NPH who were admitted to...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2008.01925.x
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years the complexities and heterogeneity of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) have been recognised. Most PCOS sufferers with amenorrhoea, menstrual dysfunction, hirsutism, acne and infertility can be evaluated and safely managed in primary care. It is prudent to remember that all women with PCOS are at risk...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Niacin is underutilised because of flushing. Lack of a quantitative tool to assess niacin-induced flushing has precluded the objective evaluation of flushing associated with extended-release (ER) niacin formulations. We developed the Flushing Symptom Questionnaire((c)) (FSQ), a quantitative tool to assess ...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2008.01739.x
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To evaluate in a real-world setting the effectiveness of exenatide once-weekly (ExQW) in patients with T2D and to determine predictors of glycaemic and weight response to this drug at 6 months. METHODS:Observational, retrospective, multicenter study in adult patients with T2D and BMI ≥30 kg/m2 from 4 tertiary Spa...
journal_title:International journal of clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1111/ijcp.13055
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00