Abstract：
:Administration of antidepressant drugs to rodents appears to decrease 5-HT2 receptor function while transmission through postsynaptic 5-HT1 receptor synapses may be enhanced. Antidepressant drugs also alter 5-HT mechanisms in humans; some of these changes are congruent with effects noted in animal studies. Thus certain 5-HT-mediated neuroendocrine responses are enhanced by tricyclic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and it seems likely that tricyclics may act as 5-HT2 receptor antagonists in the human brain. However, there is presently no firm evidence that any of these changes are necessary for the clinical efficacy of antidepressant drugs. The best evidence that 5-HT neurons may be involved in mediating antidepressant effects is the antidepressant activity of selective 5-HT uptake blockers.
journal_name
Pharmacol Therjournal_title
Pharmacology & therapeuticsauthors
Cowen PJdoi
10.1016/0163-7258(90)90033-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-01-01 00:00:00pages
43-51issue
1eissn
0163-7258issn
1879-016Xpii
0163-7258(90)90033-Xjournal_volume
46pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Asthma is a chronic disorder characterized by persistent inflammation of the airways with mucosal infiltration of eosinophils, T lymphocytes, and mast cells, and release of proinflammatory cytokines and lipid mediators. The natural resolution of airway inflammation is now recognized as an active host response, with hi...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.01.004
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The vascular system develops during embryonic development by at least two distinct processes; vasculogenesis is the development of blood vessels from in situ differentiating angioblasts and angiogenesis is the sprouting of capillaries from pre-existing vessels. The molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of th...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(91)90066-u
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:beta(2)-adrenoceptor agonists are the mainstay for the acute symptomatic treatment of asthma and provide effective bronchoprotection to a wide range of bronchoconstrictor agents. However, over the past 4 decades there has been a continuing debate concerning whether regular chronic treatment with these drugs may be doi...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2007.04.009
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three separate experimental approaches, using site-selective cAMP analogs, antisense strategy and retroviral vector-mediated gene transfer, have provided evidence that two isoforms, the RI- and RII-regulatory subunits of cAMP-dependent protein kinase, have opposite roles in cell growth and differentiation; RI being gr...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(93)90010-b
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite some recent declines, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the major cause of death in the United States and worldwide. Most recent advances in the treatment of CVD states have been produced by inhibition of mechanisms involved in disease progress. Many studies conducted in the last decade have illustrated inc...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0163-7258(00)00114-5
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) is an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor that enables aerobic organisms to adapt to hypoxia. This is achieved through the transcriptional activation of up to 200 genes, many of which are critical to cell survival. Under conditions of normoxia, the hydroxylation of HIF by prolyl hydrox...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.07.005
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Injury to peripheral or spinal nerves following either trauma or disease has several consequences including the development of neuropathic pain. This syndrome is often refractory against conventional analgesics; and thus, novel medicaments are desired for its treatment. Recent studies have emphasized that dysfunction ...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.03.018
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hyperkinetic movement disorders comprise a variety of conditions characterized by involuntary movements, which include but are not limited to tardive dyskinesia, chorea associated with Huntington's Disease, and tic disorders. The class of medications that have been used to treat these conditions includes Vesicular Mon...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107580
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Preclinical animal models are useful tools to better understand tumor initiation and progression and to predict the activity of an anticancer agent in the clinic. Ideally, these models should recapitulate the biological characteristics of the tumor and of the related tumor microenvironment (e.g. vasculature,...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.01.001
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cancer research has been focusing so far on genetic alterations in protein-coding genes. However, mounting evidence underlines the importance of epigenetic and post-transcriptional events in cancer progression and therapy resistance. Moreover, recent genome-wide studies show that disease-causing mutations and chromoso...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.04.001
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glutathione (GSH) fulfills several essential functions: Detoxification of free radicals and toxic oxygen radicals, thiol-disulfide exchange and storage and transfer of cysteine. GSH is present in all mammalian cells, but may be especially important for organs with intense exposure to exogenous toxins such as the liver...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(91)90029-l
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of death in the developed countries. Taking into account the mounting evidence about the role of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in cardiovascular physiology, CYP polymorphisms can be considered one of the major determinants of individual susceptibility to CVDs. On...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.12.002
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several amphetamine analogs are potent psychostimulants and major drugs of abuse. In animal models, the psychomotor and reinforcing effects of amphetamine, methamphetamine (METH), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; Ecstasy), and methylphenidate (MPD; Ritalin) are thought to be dependent on increased extracellula...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2005.08.004
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several neurotropic cytokines relay their signaling through the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor. This 190kDa subunit couples with the 130kDa gp130 subunit to transduce intracellular signaling in neurons and oligodendrocytes that leads to expression of genes associated with neurosurvival. Moreover, activation of th...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.08.008
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Activation of receptors coupled to inhibitory G proteins (Galpha i/o) has opposing consequences for cyclic AMP accumulation and the activity of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, depending on the duration of stimulation. Acute activation inhibits the activity of adenylate cyclase, thereby attenuating cyclic AMP accu...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2004.12.005
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aromatic amine 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) produced neoplasms in diverse target organs of many animal species. AAF was DNA-reactive after N-hydroxylation by CYP1A2 in the liver and nitrenium ion formation at the target site. In mouse bladder, AAF-DNA adducts were proportional to dose. An epigenetic component for t...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 共识发展会议,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(96)00063-0
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Unless it is carefully controlled, bias often distorts the results of clinical trials, usually exaggerating the magnitude of true efficacy. For that reason, procedures to limit bias have been mandated by the FDA when assessing efficacy in clinical trials. The present review shows that the effects of bias in preclinica...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2007.05.002
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The demonstration that RNA can be cleaved by cis or trans ribozymes (catalytic RNAs, RNA enzymes) has potentially important therapeutic implications. Since their discovery in the 1980s, the biochemistry and conserved sequences of ribozymes have been well characterized. Ribozymes are effective modulators of gene expres...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(95)02008-x
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently, the pathogenesis of systemic inflammatory disease such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), multiple sclerosis (MS), systemic inflammatory arthritis, asthma, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has been reported to be related to the dysbiosis of gut microbiota. The contribution of special bacteria for the ...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.03.006
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The smooth muscle of the normal bladder wall must have some specific properties. It must be very compliant and able to reorganise itself during filling and emptying to accommodate the change in volume without generating any intravesical pressure, but whilst maintaining the normal shape of the bladder. It must be capab...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0163-7258(97)00038-7
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methamphetamine (METH) abuse is a major public health issue around the world, yet there are currently no effective pharmacotherapies for the treatment of METH addiction. METH is a potent psychostimulant that increases extracellular dopamine levels by targeting the dopamine transporter (DAT) and alters neuronal activit...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.01.009
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aside from their pharmacokinetic properties, e.g. their speed of action and the duration of residual effects, benzodiazepines are still considered as equivalent in terms of their effects on cognition. Here we review evidence suggesting that certain benzodiazepines, especially lorazepam, differ in a number of respects,...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2010.01.004
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease characterized by pathophysiological factors including airflow limitation, hyperinflation and reduced gas exchange. Treatment consists of lifestyle changes, lung rehabilitation and pharmacological therapies such as long acting beta-2-agonists (L...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.05.007
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The small heat shock proteins (HSPs) HSP20, HSP27 and alphaB-crystallin are chaperone proteins that are abundantly expressed in smooth muscles are important modulators of muscle contraction, cell migration and cell survival. This review focuses on factors regulating expression of small HSPs in smooth muscle, signaling...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2008.04.005
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Progress in methods of investigating endothelial function in humans has led to the demonstration that endothelial dysfunction is an early process involved in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases, and represents a new independent therapeutic target that may help to improve patient health. The administration o...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.03.015
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Elevated low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels have been associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Despite a 25-30% reduction in CVD risk with LDL-C reducing strategies, there is still a significant residual risk. Moreover, achieving target LDL-C values in individuals at high CVD...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.03.005
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is the most frequently known activated aberrant pathway in human cancers. Pathologic activation can occur at multiple levels along the signaling pathway by a variety of mechanisms, including point mutations, amplifications, and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. This pathway is also a kn...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.09.006
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Angiotensin II (Ang II) is the main effector hormone of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). The pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure and hypertension, appear to be related to Ang II production. The generation of Ang II involves angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in circulating and tis...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0163-7258(97)00021-1
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Apoptotic cell death mediated by the members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family is an essential process involved in the regulation of cellular homeostasis during development, differentiation, and pathophysiological conditions. Among the cell death receptors comprising the tumor necrosis factor receptor super...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0163-7258(00)00096-6
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is substantial molecular evidence for the involvement of beta1 integrin in tissue organisation and remodelling, which confers a key role in cell growth, differentiation, migration, and survival. This role has been, in part, highlighted using the transgenic approach which does little to define the more subtle fun...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2008.07.002
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
