Abstract：
:The aromatic amine 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) produced neoplasms in diverse target organs of many animal species. AAF was DNA-reactive after N-hydroxylation by CYP1A2 in the liver and nitrenium ion formation at the target site. In mouse bladder, AAF-DNA adducts were proportional to dose. An epigenetic component for tumor formation was also present since tumor incidence and hyperplasia showed a threshold dose and decreased following discontinuation of AAF exposure. In contrast, both adduct and tumor formation in the liver were proportional to dose, and discontinuation of AAF did not reduce tumor incidence.
journal_name
Pharmacol Therjournal_title
Pharmacology & therapeuticsauthors
Verna L,Whysner J,Williams GMdoi
10.1016/0163-7258(96)00063-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-01-01 00:00:00pages
83-105issue
1-2eissn
0163-7258issn
1879-016Xpii
0163-7258(96)00063-0journal_volume
71pub_type
共识发展会议,杂志文章,评审abstract：:Three major types of opioid receptors, designated mu, delta, and kappa, are widely expressed in the CNS. Development of selective receptor ligands and recent cloning of each receptor have contributed greatly to our increasing knowledge of the neuropharmacological profile of each opioid receptor type. It is of interest...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0163-7258(00)00099-1
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Enzymes of the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) superfamily contribute to the elimination of drugs from almost all therapeutic classes. Awareness of the importance of glucuronidation as a drug clearance mechanism along with increased knowledge of the enzymology of drug and chemical metabolism has stimulated interest ...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107689
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase inhibitors are a class of lipid-lowering medications, with a major activity on plasma cholesterol levels, now enjoying a vast popularity among physicians and patients. These drugs, affecting a very early and key step of sterol biosynthesis, differ to a large extent ...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(93)90031-8
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polymorphisms have been detected in a variety of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes at both the phenotypic and genotypic level. In the case of four enzymes, the cytochrome P450 CYP2D6, glutathione S-transferase mu, N-acetyltransferase 2 and serum cholinesterase, the majority of mutations which give rise to a defective ph...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(93)90053-g
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is the most frequently known activated aberrant pathway in human cancers. Pathologic activation can occur at multiple levels along the signaling pathway by a variety of mechanisms, including point mutations, amplifications, and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. This pathway is also a kn...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.09.006
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review concerns the development of small molecule therapeutics for the inherited neurodegenerative disease Friedreich ataxia (FRDA). FRDA is caused by transcriptional repression of the nuclear FXN gene, encoding the essential mitochondrial protein frataxin and accompanying loss of frataxin protein. Frataxin insuf...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2007.06.014
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The class of chemicals known as the "organophosphates" (OPs) comprises many of the most common agricultural and commercial pesticides that are used worldwide as well as the highly toxic chemical warfare agents. The mechanism of the acute toxicity of OPs in both target and non-target organisms is primarily attributed t...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.03.001
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP) is a ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) that inactivates ribosomes by the removal of a single adenine from ribosomal RNA. The studies summarized in our review concern the nature and application of this novel therapeutic agent. We describe how researchers continue to elucidate the stru...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(92)90053-3
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mammals dispose of cholesterol mainly through 7alpha-hydroxylated bile acids, and the enzyme catalyzing the 7alpha-hydroxylation, cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), has a deep impact on cholesterol homeostasis. In this review, we present the study of regulation of CYP7A1 as a good exemplification of the extraord...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2007.08.003
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The importance of regular administration of antiplatelet drugs in patients suffering from coronary artery disease stands on firm grounds, as large meta-analyses have shown these therapies to drastically reduce the risk of death. Although the current guidelines published jointly by the American Heart Association, the A...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.03.019
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurosteroids are neuroactive brain-born steroids. They can act through non-genomic and/or through genomic pathways. Genomic pathways are largely described for steroid hormones: the binding to nuclear receptors leads to transcription regulation. Pregnenolone, Dehydroepiandrosterone, their respective sulfate esters and...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.06.011
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of death in the developed countries. Taking into account the mounting evidence about the role of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in cardiovascular physiology, CYP polymorphisms can be considered one of the major determinants of individual susceptibility to CVDs. On...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.12.002
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heme, a complex of iron and protoporphyrin IX (PPIX), senses and utilizes oxygen in nearly all living cells. It is an essential component of various hemoproteins, including those involved in oxygen transport and storage (hemoglobin, myoglobin), electron transfer, drug and steroid metabolism (cytochromes), and signal t...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2007.02.001
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the search for new approaches to cancer therapy, the first alkyllysophospholipid (ALP) analogs were designed and studied about two decades ago, either as potential immunomodulators or as antimetabolites of phospholipid metabolism. In the meantime, it has been demonstrated that they really act in this way. However, ...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(95)00001-w
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pharmaceutical industry offers the world's population alleviation and cure from a variety of medical conditions, while also contributing to the economic performance of many countries. The potential importance of these characteristics have made the industry an area of intense debate, criticism and praise. This revi...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(95)00002-x
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For decades, intensive studies have attempted to identify the mechanisms underlying malignant tumor growth. Despite significant progress, most therapeutic approaches fail to eliminate all tumor cells. The remaining tumor cells often result in recurrence and metastasis. Recently, the idea of a cancer stem cell was prop...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2008.04.008
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Severe and prolonged impairment of mitochondrial beta-oxidation leads to microvesicular steatosis, and, in severe forms, to liver failure, coma and death. Impairment of mitochondrial beta-oxidation may be either genetic or acquired, and different causes may add their effects to inhibit beta-oxidation severely and trig...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(95)00012-6
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proteolytic degradation of unwanted proteins by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is critical for normal maintenance of various cellular functions. Parkinson's disease (PD), one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders, is characterized by prominent and irreversible nigral dopaminergic neuronal loss and i...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2007.04.001
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by a newly emerged coronavirus (CoV) called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) comorbidities have significantly increased morbidity and mortality. The use of angiotensin-converting ...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107628
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lithium has been used clinically to treat bipolar disorder for over half a century, and remains a fundamental pharmacological therapy for patients with this illness. Although lithium's therapeutic mechanisms are not fully understood, substantial in vitro and in vivo evidence suggests that it has neuroprotective/neurot...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2010.07.006
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypertension is an epidemic health concern and a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Although there are available treatment strategies for hypertension, numerous hypertensive patients do not have their clinical symptoms under control and it is imperative that new avenues to treat or preven...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.02.005
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Decades of research have established that the biological functions of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) extend far beyond its role as a regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. Gary et al. [Gary, K.A., Sevarino, K.A., Yarbrough, G.G., Prange, A.J. Jr., Winokur, A. (2003). The thyrotropin-releasing hormo...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2008.09.004
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The "late sodium current" (I(NaL)) is a sustained component of the fast Na+ current of cardiac myocytes and neurons. As recently appreciated, common neurological and cardiac conditions are associated with abnormal I(NaL) enhancement, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of both electrical and contractile dysfuncti...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2008.06.001
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is now generally accepted that protein phosphorylation-dephosphorylation has a role in the regulation of essentially all cellular functions. Thus, it is of interest that this process is involved in signal transduction. Nonetheless, the extent to which protein phosphorylation participates in signaling is truly remar...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0163-7258(98)00056-4
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adipocyte hyperplasia occurs by the proliferation and differentiation of adipocyte precursor cells or preadipocytes. Although the process of commitment to the adipocyte lineage is poorly understood, a great deal of information has accumulated about the processes and regulatory mechanisms involved in preadipocyte diffe...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(94)90018-3
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Relationship between inflammation and cancer is now well-established and represents a paradigm that our immune response does not necessarily serves solely to protect us from infections and cancer. Many specific mechanisms that link chronic inflammation to cancer promotion and metastasis have been uncovered in the rece...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.09.011
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aspirin is integral to the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease and acts to impair the development of platelet-mediated atherothromboembolic events by irreversible inhibition of platelet cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1). Inhibition of this enzyme prevents the synthesis of the potent pro-aggregatory prostanoid thromb...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.08.005
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Natriuretic peptides play a critical role in coordination of fluid/electrolyte balance and vascular tone. The renal effects of circulating atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) are distinct from the paracrine effects of vascular C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). CNP is widely expressed t...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2004.08.011
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:New techniques for the analysis of proteins with specific binding for natural retinoids in human plasma and skin extracts have been developed. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), followed by protein blotting with an antiserum specific to retinol-binding protein (RBP), the plasma carrier of retinol, showed that:...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0163-7258(89)90073-9
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Current treatment of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection is effective, although it does not permanently suppress viral replication in all patients. Viral persistence, drug toxicity, and antiretroviral resistance are challenging barriers to successful treatment of HIV-1 infection. It has become increasingl...
journal_title：Pharmacology & therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.06.007
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
