Abstract：
:Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is a widely used anticoagulant that has long been known to potentiate platelet responses to subthreshold doses of platelet agonists. UFH has been reported to bind and induce modest conformational changes in the major platelet integrin, αIIbβ3, and induce minor changes in platelet morphology. The mechanism by which UFH elicits these platelet-activating effects, however, is not well understood. We found that both human and murine platelets exposed to UFH, either in solution or immobilized onto artificial surfaces, underwent biochemical and morphologic changes indicative of a potentiated state, including phosphorylation of key cytosolic signaling molecules and cytoskeletal changes leading to cell spreading. Low molecular weight heparin and the synthetic pentasaccharide, fondaparinux, had similar platelet-potentiating effects. Human or mouse platelets lacking functional integrin αIIbβ3 complexes and human platelets pretreated with the fibrinogen receptor antagonists eptifibatide or abciximab failed to become potentiated by heparin, demonstrating that heparin promotes platelet responsiveness via its ability to initiate αIIbβ3-mediated outside-in signaling. Taken together, these data provide novel insights into the mechanism by which platelets become activated after exposure to heparin and heparin-coated surfaces, and suggest that currently used glycoprotein IIb-IIIa inhibitors may be effective inhibitors of nonimmune forms of heparin-induced platelet activation.
journal_name
Bloodjournal_title
Bloodauthors
Gao C,Boylan B,Fang J,Wilcox DA,Newman DK,Newman PJdoi
10.1182/blood-2010-09-307751subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-05-05 00:00:00pages
4946-52issue
18eissn
0006-4971issn
1528-0020pii
blood-2010-09-307751journal_volume
117pub_type
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