Abstract：
:Radionuclides represent a serious health risk to humans in the case of incorporation. To elucidate the potential of time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS) to determine the dominant radionuclide species in natural biofluids, we investigated the in vitro speciation of curium(III) in human urine samples. Because in speciation studies trivalent lanthanides are often used as analogues for trivalent actinides, we also probed the suitability of this theory by investigating the speciation of europium(III) in human urine. Comparison with reference spectra of both heavy metals in model urine and of their complexes with single organic and inorganic urine constituents then allowed for the determination of the dominant species. Furthermore, the chemical composition of all urine samples was analyzed, and the parameters affecting the speciation of the metals were determined. The pH was found to be the most important parameter because for both, the actinide and the lanthanide, two analogue species were identified in dependence on the pH. In samples with slightly acidic pH a curium(III) and europium(III) citrate complex dominates, respectively, whereas in samples with near-neutral pH a higher complex with phosphate and calcium as the main ligands and the additional participation of citrate and/or carbonate is formed in each case. Comparison with thermodynamic modeling yields some discrepancies, especially at higher pH, which is due to a lack of data for the complex formation of the higher species for both heavy metals. Nevertheless, TRLFS has proven to be a suitable method for the direct determination of the dominant heavy metal species in untreated natural human urine samples.
journal_name
Chem Res Toxicoljournal_title
Chemical research in toxicologyauthors
Heller A,Barkleit A,Bernhard Gdoi
10.1021/tx100273gsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-02-18 00:00:00pages
193-203issue
2eissn
0893-228Xissn
1520-5010journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Nickel(II) compounds are established human carcinogens, but the molecular mechanisms underlying their activity are only partially known. One mechanism may include mediation by nickel of promutagenic oxidative DNA damage that depends on Ni(II) binding to chromatin. To characterize such binding at the histone moiety of ...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx00047a007
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to better understand the skin sensitization mechanism of allylic hydroperoxides, linalyl hydroperoxide (1) and several of its potential rearrangement products-epoxylinalool (2), epoxynerol (3), epoxygeraniol (4), and furan (5) and pyran (6) derivatives-were synthesized. The sensitizing properties of these mol...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx970014r
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage, has been extensively studied to assess human exposure to carcinogenic compounds. Previous studies have associated levels of human urinary hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) with those of 8-OHdG. However, measurements of OH-...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx200517h
更新日期：2012-02-20 00:00:00
abstract：:The tremendous demand of the market for carbon nanotubes has led to their massive production that presents an increasing risk through occupational exposure. Lung deposition of carbon nanotubes is known to cause acute localized pulmonary adverse effects. However, systemic cardiovascular damages associated with acute pu...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx5004003
更新日期：2015-03-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidemiological studies have implicated a role for airborne particulates of <2.5 microm diameter in the development/exacerbation of chronic cardiopulmonary disease; however, specific pathogenic mechanisms and the etiological significance of particle physicochemical properties remain unresolved. Using a microporous alu...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx049893p
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Water samples from the Waka River, which runs through an area housing many chemical industry facilities in Wakayama, Japan, have been found to show significant mutagenicity, especially without a mammalian metabolic activation system (S9 mix) in the Salmonella typhimurium YG1024 strain. Mutagens in the river water were...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx010163g
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nevirapine (NVP) treatment is associated with a significant incidence of skin rash in humans, and it also causes a similar immune-mediated skin rash in Brown Norway (BN) rats. We have shown that the sulfate of a major oxidative metabolite, 12-OH-NVP, covalently binds in the skin. The fact that the sulfate metabolite i...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx400098z
更新日期：2013-05-20 00:00:00
abstract：:All pesticides must go through a rigorous risk assessment process in order to show that they are safe for use.With respect to dermal risk assessment for re-entry workers, the absorption value applied to predict systemic dose from this external exposure is obtained by testing liquid forms of the pesticide in vivo and/o...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx500509z
更新日期：2015-02-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Nitrofluorenes are mutagenic and carcinogenic environmental pollutants arising chiefly from combustion of fossil fuels. Nitro aromatic compounds undergo nitroreduction to N-hydroxy arylamines that bind to DNA directly or after O-esterification. This study analyzes the DNA binding and adducts from the in vitro nitrored...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx010172p
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interstrand cross-links are minor components of the collection of products formed in DNA by ionizing radiation. Through their formation by other damaging agents, it is known that interstrand cross-links exert significant effects on replication and transcription. The structures of DNA interstrand cross-links produced a...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx7002307
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The diarrhetic shellfish toxin composition in the digestive glands of mussels collected in June 2001 from the Northern Adriatic sea was investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry. Along with known yessotoxins (1, 3-6), identified by comparison of their r...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx025527z
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With CO2 present in excess, ONOO- reacts to form an adduct in solution and in the solid state, most likely ONOOCO2-. In solution, the adduct appears within 2 ms and absorbs at 300 with an extinction coefficient, which is either 50% or 100% (preferred) of that of ONOO-, 1.70 × 103 M-1 cm-1, and at 685 nm with an extinc...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00068
更新日期：2018-08-20 00:00:00
abstract：:1-{4-[(4-Phenyl-5-trifluoromethyl-2-thienyl)methoxy]benzyl}azetidine-3-carboxylic acid (MRL-A) is a potent sphingosine-1-phosphate-1 receptor agonist, with potential application as an immunosuppressant in organ transplantation or for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. When administered orally to rats, radiolabeled ...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx300017s
更新日期：2012-07-16 00:00:00
abstract：:3-(2-Deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-6-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrimido[1,2-a]purin-10(3H)-one is formed in low yield by the reaction of acrolein with 2'-deoxyguanosine. The nucleoside and an oligodeoxynucleotide containing it have been synthesized. For preparation of the nucleoside 2'-deoxyguanosine was alkyla...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx010181y
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The biological response of bronchial epithelial cells to particles is associated with a sequestration of cell metal by the particle surface and a subsequent disruption in host iron homeostasis. The macrophage is the cell type resident in the respiratory tract that is most likely to make initial contact with inhaled pa...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00301
更新日期：2019-09-16 00:00:00
abstract：:The perfluorinated carboxylic acid, perfluoro-n-decanoic acid (PFDA), is a known peroxisome proliferator which displays toxicity in rodents. Using a paired-tracer first-pass extraction technique, the effect of PFDA on hepatic glucose transport was determined in the isolated perfused rat liver. In brief, livers isolate...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx00043a010
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The toxicity of CuO nanoparticles (NPs) to human lung epithelial (A549) cells was investigated in this study. CuO NPs (10-100 mg/L) had significant toxicity to A549 cells, whereas CuO bulk particles (BPs) showed much lower toxicity (24 h IC(50), 58 and 15 mg/L for CuO BPs and NPs, respectively). Transmission electron ...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx3002093
更新日期：2012-07-16 00:00:00
abstract：:2-Nitrosoamino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (N-NO-MeIQx) is a nitrosation product of the food carcinogen 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) and is proposed to form in vivo under inflammatory conditions. This study evaluated the stability and reactivity of N-NO-MeIQx to assess its possible r...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx050305x
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prolonged ingestion of Yellow Starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis) and Russian Knapweed (Centaurea repens) by horses has been shown to result in a fatal neurodegenerative disorder called equine nigropallidal encephalomalacia (ENE). Bioassay-guided fractionation of extracts from Centaurea species using the PC12 cell li...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx049864e
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can be produced during normal aerobic metabolism, can induce the formation of tandem DNA lesions, including 8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosine (cyclo-dA) and 8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyguanosine (cyclo-dG). Previous studies have shown that cyclo-dA and cyclo-dG accumulate in cells and can block ...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx3001576
更新日期：2012-08-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxidative stress is believed to play a role in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including diabetes and inborn errors of metabolism. The types of oxidative damage observed in these pathologies have been attributed to the excessive production of reactive intermediates relating to the accumulation of toxic metabolit...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx049821y
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Contact allergy is caused by a wide range of chemicals after skin contact. Its clinical manifestation, allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), is developed upon repeated contact with the allergen. This perspective focuses on two areas that have yielded new useful information during the last 20 years: (i) structure-activity...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1021/tx7002239
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidemiologic studies have shown causal relationships between air pollution particles and adverse health effects in susceptible subpopulations. Fly ash particles (containing water-soluble and insoluble metals) are a component of ambient air particulate pollution and may contribute to particulate-induced health effects...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx000110j
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's disease, the most common cause of dementia, is at epidemic proportions (15 to 44% depending on age, of those age 65 to 84) in the U.S. and other developed countries but remains relatively rare in undeveloped countries. Surprisingly, solid historical data reveal the epidemic is a creature of the last centur...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00373
更新日期：2017-03-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Although selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are useful in the treatment and prevention of breast cancer, the SERM tamoxifen has been associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer possibly due to metabolism to electrophilic quinoids. Another SERM, arzoxifene is currently in clinical trials for the...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx049776u
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The skeleton is a target organ for most metals. This leads to their bioaccumulation, either as storage of useful oligoelements or as a protection against damage by toxic elements. The different events leading to their accumulation in this organ, under constant remodeling, are not fully understood, nor the full subsequ...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1021/tx300064m
更新日期：2012-06-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Vinyl chloride and acrolein are important industrial chemicals. Both form DNA adducts, vinyl chloride after enzymatic oxidation to chlorooxirane and acrolein by direct reaction. Reaction at the N(2) position of guanine is a major pathway. The resulting 2-oxoethyl and 3-oxopropyl adducts cyclize spontaneously to hydrox...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx990167+
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Free-radical oxidation of human plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) produces (carboxyalkyl)pyrrole (CAP) epitopes that were detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using antibodies raised against keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH)-bound 2-(omega-carboxyheptyl)-pyrrole (CHP) and 2-(omega-carboxypropyl)pyrrole (C...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx970112c
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many organic sulfides (mono-, di-, and polysulfides) are present in our environment. Simple derivatives are produced by some plants and animals, while complex sulfides are secondary metabolites of several genera of bacteria and fungi. Sulfides play an important role in the smell and taste of food, and many such compou...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1021/tx200373u
更新日期：2012-01-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Two 2-aminofluorene-derived hydroxamic acids that differ only in the nature of the N-acyl group were examined for their relative abilities to undergo covalent binding to nucleic acids. Studies of the bioactivation of N-hydroxy-N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene (N-OH-AAF) and N-hydroxy-N-glycolyl-2-aminofluorene (N-OH-GAF) were...
journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1021/tx00001a008
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
