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Moxifloxacin and cholesterol combined treatment of pneumococcal keratitis.

Abstract：

PURPOSE:Compare the efficacy of treatment of pneumococcal keratitis with cholesterol, moxifloxacin, or a mixture of the two (moxifloxacin/cholesterol). MATERIALS AND METHODS:New Zealand white rabbits were injected intrastromally with 10(6) colony-forming units (CFU) of a clinical keratitis strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Eyes were examined before and after treatment of topical drops every 2 hr from 25 to 47 hr post-infection (PI). Corneas were harvested to quantitate bacterial CFU, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was measured at 48 hr PI. Eyes were extracted for histology. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined for each compound. RESULTS:Eyes treated with moxifloxacin/cholesterol had a significantly lower mean slit lamp examination (SLE) score than eyes treated with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), moxifloxacin alone, or cholesterol alone (P ≤ 0.02). A significantly lower log(10) CFU was recovered from corneas treated with moxifloxacin/cholesterol and moxifloxacin alone as compared to corneas of eyes treated with PBS or cholesterol alone (P < 0.01). At 48 hr PI, significantly lower MPO activity was quantitated from eyes treated with moxifloxacin/cholesterol as compared to eyes treated with cholesterol or moxifloxacin alone (P ≤ 0.046). Eyes treated with moxifloxacin/cholesterol had fewer immune cells and less corneal destruction than eyes from all other treatment groups. The MIC for moxifloxacin alone was 0.125 μg/mL, and cholesterol alone was unable to inhibit growth at any of the concentrations tested. The MIC for moxifloxacin when combined with 1% cholesterol was 0.0625 μg/mL. CONCLUSIONS:Treatment with a mixture of moxifloxacin and cholesterol significantly lowers the severity of infection caused by pneumococcal keratitis as compared to treatment with moxifloxacin alone, cholesterol alone, or PBS. This treatment mixture eradicates the bacteria in the cornea, unlike treatment with PBS or cholesterol alone. Using cholesterol with moxifloxacin as a treatment for bacterial keratitis could help lower the clinical severity of the infection.

journal_name

Curr Eye Res

journal_title

Current eye research

authors

Sanders ME,Tullos NA,Taylor SD,Norcross EW,King LB,Tolo I,Marquart ME

doi

10.3109/02713683.2010.512114

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2010-12-01 00:00:00

pages

1142-7

issue

eissn

0271-3683

issn

1460-2202

journal_volume

pub_type

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Moxifloxacin and cholesterol combined treatment of pneumococcal keratitis.