Abstract：
:GM1 ganglioside, after intravenous injection into rats, is absorbed and taken up by various organs and tissues, including brain. The capacity of brain to take up gangliosides, referred to weight unit, is comparable to that of kidney and muscle. After injection of [Gal-(3)H]GM1 a relevant portion of brain associated radioactivity resided in the soluble fraction and was of a volatile nature. After brain subcellular fractionation, the lysosomal, plasma membrane and Golgi apparatus fractions carried the highest specific radioactivity. In addition, an enriched fraction of brain capillaries was highly labelled, suggesting that GM1 ganglioside is also tightly bound to the vessel walls. The metabolic events encountered in brain by exogenous gangliosides were investigated, in detail, after intracisternal injection of [Sph-(3)H]GM1. The results obtained demonstrate that GM1 is extensively metabolized in brain. Besides the degradation products (GM2, GM3, lactosylceramide, glucosylceramide, ceramide), compounds of a biosynthetic origin were also found to be formed: these include GD1a, GD1b and sphingomyelin. All the above results could indicate that gangliosides, after intravenous administration to rats, are taken up by brain, bind to the capillary network, penetrate into neural cells, associate to both plasma membranes and intracellular structures and undergo metabolic processing with formation of a number of products of both catabolic and biosynthetic origin.
journal_name
Neurochem Intjournal_title
Neurochemistry internationalauthors
Ghidoni R,Fiorilli A,Trinchera M,Venerando B,Chigorno V,Tettamanti Gdoi
10.1016/0197-0186(89)90164-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-01-01 00:00:00pages
455-65issue
4eissn
0197-0186issn
1872-9754pii
0197-0186(89)90164-2journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The less active form of human tyrosine hydroxylase has been previously reported but its physiological role is unknown. We partially purified the less active form of tyrosine hydroxylase from human adrenals, and examined differences in the properties of the active and less active forms. We succeeded in activation of th...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0197-0186(90)90123-b
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Resistance to inhibitors of cholinesterase (RIC) -3 promotes the maturation (folding and assembly) of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) as a molecular chaperone. The modulation effects of RIC-3 on homomeric α7 nAChRs are always positive, but its effects on heteromeric subtypes are inconsistent among ...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2017.10.007
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The oligosaccharides of rod and cone membranes were investigated with the aid of fluorescence and (125)I-labeled lectins. Additionally, the ability of lectins to cause agglutination in ROS suspensions was used as an index for the presence of the corresponding lectin receptors. The specificities of lectin-ligand intera...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0197-0186(80)90065-0
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Guanylate cyclase in the membrane fraction of rod outer segments (ROS-membrane) from the frog retina showed an extremely high activity but had no responsiveness to NaN(3) (+catalase), nitrosoguanidine or superoxide dismutase. These compounds, however, markedly activated the enzyme in a soluble fraction from the retina...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0197-0186(82)90006-7
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A competitive RT-PCR assay was used to quantify the expression of the GABA(A) receptor beta(1), beta(2) and beta(3) isoform mRNA transcripts in the superior frontal cortex and motor cortex of 21 control and 22 alcoholic cases. A single set of primers was designed that permitted amplification of all three transcripts a...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2004.05.009
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was carried out to clarify whether the imidazolines clonidine, moxonidine and cirazoline as well as the guanidine aganodine inhibit noradrenaline release in the rat and rabbit brain via imidazoline receptors, alpha 2-adrenoceptors and/or histamine H3 receptors. Slices or synaptosomes from the rat or ...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0197-0186(96)00045-9
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) plays a major role in decreased life quality of diabetes patients, however, the neural mechanisms underlying DNP remain unclear. Endomorphins are the endogenous ligands for mu-opioid receptor. There is increasing evidence implicating the involvement of spinal endomorphin-2 (EM2) in neur...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2017.05.014
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Striatal quinolinic acid lesions have been used as a model for the pathology seen in Huntington's disease. Seven days following a unilateral injection of 100 nmol of quinolinic acid into the rat caudate-putamen (striatum), a large increase in the binding of [3H]WIN 35,428 to the lesioned caudate-putamen was seen when ...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0197-0186(92)90091-5
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dopamine is the main catecholamine found in the chick retina whereas norepinephrine is only found in trace amounts. We compared the effectiveness of dopamine and norepinephrine in promoting cyclic AMP accumulation in retinas at embryonic day 13 (E13) and from post-hatched chicken (P15). Dopamine (EC(50)=10microM) and ...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2006.08.004
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although many studies have revealed alterations in neurotransmission during ischaemia, few works have been devoted to the neurochemical effects of mild hypoxia, a situation encountered during life in altitude or in several pathologies. In that context, the present work was undertaken to determine the in vivo mechanism...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2005.02.005
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brain edema and the subsequent increase in intracranial pressure are the major neurological complications in fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). Brain edema in FHF is predominantly "cytotoxic" due principally to astrocyte swelling. It is generally believed that ammonia plays a key role in this process, although the mecha...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2005.11.017
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Essential omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega3) are crucial to brain development and function, being relevant for behavioral performance. In the present study we examined the influence of dietary omega3 in the development of the glutamatergic system and on behavior parameters in rats. Female rats received isoca...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2010.02.010
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Uridine was administered in the drinking water (0.5 mg/ml) in adult 6 month-old rats for 6 months. The mean daily dose of uridine was 12.5 mg/rat. The effects of this treatment on tyrosine hydroxylase, galanin, somatostatin, neuropeptide Y and cholecystokinin-like immunoreactivities were studied by means of semiquanti...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0197-0186(88)90081-2
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2018.06.007
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ras homolog enriched in the brain (Rheb) is a homolog of Ras GTPase that regulates cell growth, proliferation, and cell cycle via mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Recently, it has been confirmed that Rheb activation not only promotes cellular proliferation and differentiation but also enhances cellular apoptosis ...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2013.01.025
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND METHODS:Glycine receptor (GlyR) consists of two α (1-4) and three β subunits. Considerable evidence indicates that the adult retina expresses the four types of α subunits; however, the proportion of these subunits in adult and immature retina is almost unknown. In this report we have studied mRNA and the...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2017.03.013
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Selective dopaminergic neurotoxicity induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+) is believed to be due to the transmembrane uptake by the dopamine transporter and subsequent inhibition of mitochondrial complex I and/or production of free radicals. However, little is known about the molecular sequence of intracellular ...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0197-0186(99)00083-2
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:The aggregates of amyloid beta peptides (Aβs) are regarded as one of the main pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). An imbalance between the rates of synthesis and clearance of Aβs is considered to be a possible cause for the onset of AD. Dipeptidyl peptidases II and IV (DPPII and DPPIV) are se...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2013.03.017
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glutathione (GSH) is an essential component of intracellular antioxidant systems that plays a primordial role in the protection of cells against oxidative stress, maintaining redox homeostasis and xenobiotic detoxification. GSH synthesis in the brain is limited by the availability of cysteine and glutamate. Cystine, t...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2018.10.007
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The changes in intracellar Ca(2+)-concentration, which occur during stimulation of vascular smooth muscle cells with excitatory agonists, are discussed. The effects of these agonists on the membrane potential of these cells are indirect, and mainly due to an activation of K(+)- and Cl(?)-channels by the release of cal...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0197-0186(90)90152-j
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sprague-Dawley rats were made chronically vitamin D deficient (VDD) and hypocalcemic, or VDD and normocalcemic. Rickets, severely reduced body weight, hair shedding, lethargy, muscular paralysis and a high mortality rate are characteristic features of the male VDD/hypocalcemic animals. An assessment was made of the ne...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0197-0186(91)90192-g
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Positron-emitting beta-adrenoceptor ligands for the CNS could allow determination of changes in beta-adrenoceptor availability after treatment of patients with norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors or tricyclic antidepressants, and differential diagnosis between multiple sclerosis and other brain disorders in an early st...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2007.09.009
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One- and two-dimensional electrophoresis patterns and distribution of major cytoskeletal proteins were studied in primary astrocytes with either flat-epitheloid or stellate appearance. No major differences in the electrophoretic patterns of actin, tubulin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and vimentin were detec...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0197-0186(84)90126-8
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although ischemic preconditioning (IP) can provide powerful protection on brain against ischemic insult, it is rarely used in clinic to prevent the occurrence of ischemic stroke because of safety concerns. It is therefore necessary to seek the safer stimuli to initiate pharmacological preconditioning. Our previous wor...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2012.11.007
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Therapeutic hypothermia as a physical method to lower the brain temperature of patients has been widely used in clinics as an effective and necessary step during the treatment of acute brain injury or edema. However, due to limitations of the ocular structure, the application of hypothermia in retinal neuroprotection ...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2019.03.006
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent in vitro studies have revealed that benzodiazepines, opiates, barbiturates and ethanol might influence GABA binding to CNS membrane sites. Further studies of such interactions might be helpful for explaining both the mechanisms of action of these psychoactive agents and the tolerance/dependence that might resul...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0197-0186(83)90062-1
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Superfused rat cerebral cortex slices were submitted to a continuous electrical (5 Hz) stimulation and treated with sodium azide (1-10 mM) in the presence of 2 mM 2-deoxyglucose ("chemical ischemia"). Presynaptic cholinergic activity, evaluated as acetylcholine release, was inhibited depending on the sodium azide conc...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2005.06.003
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Variants in the gene encoding the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase like 1 (GADL1) have been associated with response to lithium therapy. Both GADL1 and the related enzyme cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase (CSAD) have been proposed to be involved in the pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent biosynthesis of taurin...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2015.08.013
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To elucidate the role of Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (K(Ca)) channels in the presynaptic acetylcholine (ACh) release from splanchnic nerve endings and the postsynaptic catecholamine release from chromaffin cells, we applied microdialysis technique to the left adrenal medulla of anesthetized rats and investigated the effects...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2009.10.010
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We showed that dextromethorphan (DM) provides neuroprotective/anticonvulsant effects and that DM and its major metabolite, dextrorphan, have a high-affinity for sigma(1) receptors, but a low affinity for sigma(2) receptors. In addition, we found that DM has a higher affinity than DX for sigma(1) sites, whereas DX has ...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2007.01.008
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
