Abstract:
:Male and female preimplantation mammalian embryos differ not only in their chromosomal complement, but in their proteome and subsequent metabolome. This phenomenon is due to a finite period during preimplantation development when both X chromosomes are active, between embryonic genome activation and X chromosome inactivation, around the blastocyst stage. Consequently, prior to implantation male and female embryos exhibit differences in their cellular phenotype. Manifestations of such differences include altered total activity of specific X-linked enzymes and the metabolic pathways they regulate. Subsequently, one would expect to be able to determine differences in the rate of consumption and utilization of specific nutrients between male and female embryos. Data to date on animal models support this, with sex-specific differences in glucose and amino acid utilization being reported for the mouse and cow blastocysts. Such differences in metabolic phenotype may logically be involved in the reported differences in growth rates between preimplantation embryos of different sex. As the fields of proteomics and metabolomics are being increasingly applied to human assisted conception it is prudent to consider how such technologies may be applied to identify sex differences in the human embryo. Such data would have implications far beyond current invasive technologies used to identify the sex of an embryo conceived in vitro for the diagnosis of X-linked diseases.
journal_name
Mol Hum Reprodjournal_title
Molecular human reproductionauthors
Gardner DK,Larman MG,Thouas GAdoi
10.1093/molehr/gaq042subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-08-01 00:00:00pages
539-47issue
8eissn
1360-9947issn
1460-2407pii
gaq042journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Controlling the sex of offspring by the separation of X and Y chromosome-bearing spermatozoa using flow cytometry has been reported as a clinical technique aiding prevention of X-linked diseases. Although this technique has resulted in several hundred normal births in animals and at least one human birth, there is sti...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/3.9.821
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although available data from the mouse model suggest that morphogenesis during preimplantation development is dependent on the expression of embryonic genes, convincing data for human preimplantation embryos are missing. To investigate the expression of genes involved in human preimplantation development we constructe...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/4.6.571
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sperm are motile cells. Thus, a significant component of the spermatogenic cycle is devoted to the formation of flagellum, a process that must be coordinated to insure proper construction. To document the temporal pattern of flagellar gene expression, we employed real-time PCR to assess changes in accumulation of a co...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/gah163
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the uterus, epithelial cell proliferation changes during the estrous cycle and pregnancy. Uncontrolled epithelial cell proliferation results in implantation failure and/or cancer development. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling is a fundamental regulator of diverse biological processes and is indispensab...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/gau033
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In spite of progress in diagnosis and treatment, prostate cancer has become one of the most frequent lethal cancers in males in many Western industrialized countries. Research on the molecular biology of prostate cancer is expected to reveal those aspects of Western lifestyle contributing to its high incidence with th...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/molehr/gag064
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of seminal plasma on the mRNA expression of cytokines in human endometrial epithelial and stromal cells and the cytokine production of spermatozoa were investigated in vitro. Seminal plasma and spermatozoa were collected from healthy volunteers and were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for c...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/gag095
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oligozoospermia (low sperm count) is a common semen deficiency. However, to date, few genetic defects have been identified to cause this condition. Moreover, even fewer molecular genetic diagnostic tests are available for patients with oligozoospermia in the andrology clinic. Based on animal and gene expression studie...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/gat008
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prevention of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diseases may currently be possible using germline nuclear transfer (NT). However, scientific evidence to compare efficiency of different NT techniques to overcome mtDNA diseases is lacking. Here, we performed four types of NT, including first or second polar body transfer (PB1/2...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/gaz062
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of interphase fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) has shown that a large number of human embryos exhibit chromosomal abnormalities in vitro. The most common abnormality is mosaicism which is seen in up to 50% of preimplantation embryos at all stages of development. In this study, comparative genomic hybri...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/gam087
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY QUESTION:What is the prevalence, reproducibility and biological significance of transcriptomic differences between sister blastomeres of the mouse 2-cell embryo? SUMMARY ANSWER:Sister 2-cell stage blastomeres are distinguishable from each other by mRNA analysis, attesting to the fact that differentiation starts ...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/gay021
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was initiated to determine the relationship between the fertilizing potential of spermatozoa and abnormalities in the compact packing of their chromatin which occurs in the final stage of male germ cell differentiation. Chromatin packing involves disulphide bridge covalent cross-linking. The degree of packi...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/5.9.825
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acrosome status in human spermatozoa from 20 normozoospermic men was evaluated by flow cytometry following the induction of the acrosome reaction with the ionophore A23187. Dual fluorescence staining of methanol fixed spermatozoa incubated with and without (control) the ionophore A23187 was performed with probes which...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/4.3.243
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Drosophila melanogaster staufen gene encodes an RNA binding protein (Dm Stau) required for the localization and translational repression of mRNAs within the Drosophila oocyte. In mammals translational repression is important for normal spermatogenesis in males and storage of mRNAs in the oocytes of females. In the...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/6.11.983
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glycoforms of recombinant human follicle stimulating hormone (rhFSH) (Org 32489, Puregon) were characterized using concanavalin A lectin affinity chromatography to reveal information about the internal carbohydrate complexity (extent of carbohydrate side-chain branching) of the preparations. The rhFSH glycoforms were ...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/2.10.807
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe a rapid and specific differential amplification system which can detect five of the most common cystic fibrosis mutations from a single cell. In the first round of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), regions of exons 4, 10 and 11 of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene conta...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/2.3.203
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::During folliculogenesis, the gonadotrophin (GTH)-dependent phase begins at the small antral follicle stage and ends with Graafian follicles. In this study, pregnant mare's serum GTH was used to induce GTH-dependent folliculogenesis in mice, following which the developmental events that follicles undergo, as well as th...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/gaaa069
更新日期:2020-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::The signals initiating the growth of primordial follicles are unknown. Growth factors such as neurotrophin 4/5 (NT-4/5) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may play a role in this process. To investigate the expression of NT-4/5 and BDNF and their receptor tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) in the early developing foll...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/gal033
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study assesses the role of progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) in actions of progesterone (P4) on human myometrium during pregnancy and labour. Myometrial tissues were obtained from non-pregnant patients during hysterectomy or pregnant women undergoing C-section at term and preterm, before and dur...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/gaq096
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The epithelium lining the epididymis in the male reproductive tract maintains a luminal environment that promotes sperm cell maturation. This process is dependent on the coordinated expression of many genes that encode proteins with a role in epithelial transport. We previously generated genome-wide maps of open chrom...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/gau075
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Successful embryo implantation depends on the quality of the embryo, as well as on the receptivity of the endometrium. The aim of this study was to investigate the endometrial gene expression profile in women with unexplained infertility in comparison with fertile controls at the time of embryo implantation in order t...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/gap102
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY HYPOTHESIS:In women with preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM), increased oxidative stress may accelerate premature cellular senescence, senescence-associated inflammation and proteolysis, which may predispose them to rupture. STUDY FINDING:We demonstrate mechanistic differences between preterm birt...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/gav074
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY QUESTION:Could a more detailed evaluation of marmoset spermatogonial morphology, kinetics and niches using high-resolution light microscopy (HRLM) lead to new findings? SUMMARY ANSWER:Three subtypes of marmoset undifferentiated spermatogonia, which were not evenly distributed in terms of number and position alon...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/gay017
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, the impact of sperm DNA damage on fertility has become an important issue. The different technologies developed to check sperm DNA fragmentation lead to the same conclusion: DNA damage negatively impacts upon reproductive processes. Oocyte DNA repair capacity is one of the cues to understanding embryo...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/gam038
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prostaglandins (PGs) are important factors in the physiology of human parturition and the control of uterine contractility. We have characterized the expression of 15 genes from all stages of the PG pathway in human pregnant and non-pregnant (NP) myometrium and in other uterine tissues at delivery, and the results sho...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/gaq057
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidative stress is a major aetiology in many pathologies, including that of male infertility. Recent evidence in somatic cells has linked oxidative stress to the induction of a novel cell death modality termed ferroptosis. However, the induction of this iron-regulated, caspase-independent cell death pathway has never...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/gaz015
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In humans, the most common chromosomal abnormality is aneuploidy. Because the majority of aneuploid conceptuses die during the early stages of embryonic development, an accurate estimate of the frequency of aneuploidy at conception can only be assessed by directly studying the gametes. The vast majority of aneuploidie...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/molehr/gat039
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) rearrangements, including more than 150 deletions and insertions, accumulate with age and are responsible for certain neuromuscular diseases. Human oocytes, arrested for up to 50 years, may express certain mtDNA rearrangements possibly affecting function. Investigations have previously ...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/5.10.927
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Before the advent of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) semen preparation techniques focused on the need to sustain the fertilizing potential of the spermatozoa particularly by reducing oxidative stress. However, for severely oligozoospermic patients treated by ICSI, sperm preparation protocols are used which aim...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/4.5.439
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human egg may only be fertilized by one spermatozoon to prevent polyploidy. In most mammals, the primary block to polyspermy occurs at the zona pellucida (ZP). Little is known of the human ZP and the changes occurring following fertilization to prevent polyploidy. Using antibodies directed against synthetic peptid...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/5.6.534
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endometriosis is a gynaecological disease with a certain genetic background, but the locations of possible genomic aberrations are still poorly clarified. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), which is a surface glycoprotein that promotes adhesion in immunological and inflammatory reactions, seems to play a role...
journal_title:Molecular human reproduction
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/molehr/gag002
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00