Abstract：
:Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS continues to spread worldwide, and most of the HIV-infected people living in developing countries have little or no access to highly active antiretroviral therapy. The development of efficient and low-cost microbicides to prevent sexual transmission of HIV should be given high priority because there is no vaccine available yet. Cyanovirin-N (CVN) is an entry inhibitor of HIV and many other viruses, and it represents a new generation of microbicide that has specific and potent activity, a different mechanism of action, and unusual chemicophysical stability. In vitro and in vivo antiviral tests suggested that the anti-HIV effect of CVN is stronger than a well-known gp120-targeted antibody (2G12) and another microbicide candidate, PRO2000. CVN is a cyanobacteria-derived protein that has special structural features, making the artificial production of this protein very difficult. In order to develop an efficient and relatively low-cost approach for large-scale production of recombinant CVN to satisfy medical use, this protein has been expressed in many systems by trial and error. Here, to summarize the potential and remaining challenges for the development of this protein into an HIV prevention agent, the progress in the structural mechanism determination, heterologous production and pharmacological evaluation of CVN is reviewed.
journal_name
Appl Microbiol Biotechnoljournal_title
Applied microbiology and biotechnologyauthors
Xiong S,Fan J,Kitazato Kdoi
10.1007/s00253-010-2470-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-04-01 00:00:00pages
805-12issue
3eissn
0175-7598issn
1432-0614journal_volume
86pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Pseudomonads are ubiquitous Gram-negative gamma proteobacteria known for their extreme versatility and adaptability. Some are plant pathogens (Pseudomonas syringae) which have to survive on the surface of leaves while others can colonize the rhizosphere or survive in soil (Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas putida),...
journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00253-010-2550-2
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Artificial cold adaptation of a mesophilic protease, subtilisin BPN' was attempted by means of random mutagenesis of its entire gene coupled with screening of cleared-zone-forming colonies on skim-milk plates at a low temperature. Out of sixty clones screened at 10 degrees C, one mutant enzyme (termed M-15) was found ...
journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
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doi：10.1007/s002530050886
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alkalophilic Bacillus sp. KSM-K16 produced three alkaline proteases, as detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). The major protease, designated M protease, was recently purified to homogeneity and its properties were characterized. In the present study, two minor proteases, designated H protease and N pr...
journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
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doi：10.1007/s002530050650
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
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doi：10.1007/s00253-015-6707-x
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
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doi：10.1007/s00253-010-2896-5
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abstract：:The first two genes of the threonine pathway, ask and asd, were cloned and sequenced from the aminoethoxyvinylglycine-producing Streptomyces sp. NRRL 5331. The two genes are organized in a bicistronic operon. ask, encoding the apartokinase (ASK), is located upstream from asd. The presence of a ribosome-binding site wi...
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doi：10.1007/s00253-003-1440-2
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
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doi：10.1007/s00253-014-5665-z
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00253-020-10375-8
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00253-016-7935-4
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
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doi：10.1007/BF00178624
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The stereoselective kinetic biotransformation of thioridazine, a phenothiazine neuroleptic drug, by endophytic fungi was investigated. In general, the sulfur of lateral chain (position 2) or the sulfur of phenothiazinic ring (position 5) were oxidated yielding the major human metabolites thioridazine-2-sulfoxide and t...
journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00253-007-1171-x
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Seasonal shifts of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and the dynamics of microbial communities for nitrogen transformation were investigated in the water column of Chesapeake Bay. The relative abundance of nitrogen over phosphorus (N) showed a strong seasonal and spatial pattern: gradually decreased from upstream to ...
journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00253-013-5337-4
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Certain lactic acid bacteria, especially heterofermentative strains, are capable to produce mannitol under adequate culture conditions. In this study, mannitol production by Lactobacillus reuteri CRL 1101 and Lactobacillus fermentum CRL 573 in modified MRS medium containing a mixture of fructose and glucose in a 6.5:1...
journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00253-011-3617-4
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leather biotechnology based on enzyme is one of the main directions toward clean technology in the leather manufacturing process. Proteins such as collagen, elastin, and keratin are important components in animal hides or skins, and proteases are most frequently used in the leather manufacturing process for the remova...
journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00253-018-9419-1
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evolvulus alsinoides L. is used for preparation of 'Shankhapushpi', an important popular ayurvedic drug that contributes considerably to the improvement of memory power. The improvement is attributed to the presence of furanocoumarin scopoletin, a metabolite with a wide range of biological activities. This report desc...
journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00253-015-7153-5
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have characterized a mutant of Streptomyces clavuligerus NRRL 3585 which is almost completely blocked in cephalosporin biosynthesis and exhibits depressed activities of both the delta(L-alpha-aminoadipyl)-L-cysteinyl-D-valine (ACV) synthetase and cyclase enzymes of the cephalosporin pathway. A wild-type DNA region ...
journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00173728
更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Biotechnological production of vanillin is gaining momentum as the natural synthesis of vanillin that is very expensive. Ferulic acid (FA), a costly compound, is used as the substrate to produce vanillin biotechnologically and the making process is still expensive. Therefore, this study investigated the practical use ...
journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00253-017-8283-8
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxygenates, mainly methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), are commonly added to gasoline to enhance octane index and improve combustion efficiency. Other oxygenates used as gasoline additives are ethers such as ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE), tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME), and alcohols such as tert-butyl alcohol (TBA). As a r...
journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
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更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
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更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
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更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proteins that catalyze H2-pathways often contain iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters and are sensitive to O2. We tested whether deletion of the gene encoding the transcriptional negative regulator, IscR, could enhance the ability of Escherichia coli BL21 to synthesize active recombinant H2-pathway components and stimulate fer...
journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
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更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:D-lactic acid is used as a monomer in the production of poly-D-lactic acid (PDLA), which is used to form heat-resistant stereocomplex poly-lactic acid. To produce cost-effective D-lactic acid by using all sugars derived from biomass efficiently, xylose-assimilating genes encoding xylose isomerase and xylulokinase were...
journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Monascus purpureus, a pigment-producing ascomycetous fungus, has been traditionally used for red rice preparation using solid-state fermentation. The objective of this study was to develop an improved pigment-producing strain of M. purpureus MTCC 1090 through genome shuffling followed by detailed analytical estimation...
journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
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更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
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journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
