Abstract:
:In our previous study [Hong Y, Brown DG (2009) Appl Environ Microbiol 75(8):2346-2353], the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level of adhered bacteria was observed to be 2-5 times higher than that of planktonic bacteria. Consequently, the proton motive force (Delta p) of adhered bacteria was approximately 15% greater than that of planktonic bacteria. It was hypothesized that the cell surface pH changes upon adhesion due to the charge-regulated nature of the bacterial cell surface and that this change in surface pH can propagate to the cytoplasmic membrane and alter Delta p. In the current study, we developed and applied a charge regulation model to bacterial adhesion and demonstrated that the charge nature of the adhering surface can have a significant effect on the cell surface pH and ultimately the affect the ATP levels of adhered bacteria. The results indicated that the negatively charged glass surface can result in a two-unit drop in cell surface pH, whereas adhesion to a positively charged amine surface can result in a two-unit rise in pH. The working hypothesis indicates that the negatively charged surface should enhance Delta p and increase cellular ATP, while the positively charged surface should decrease Delta p and decrease ATP, and these results of the hypothesis are directly supported by prior experimental results with both negatively and positively charged surfaces. Overall, these results suggest that the nature of charge on the solid surface can have an impact on the proton motive force and cellular ATP levels.
journal_name
Biotechnol Bioengjournal_title
Biotechnology and bioengineeringauthors
Hong Y,Brown DGdoi
10.1002/bit.22606subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-04-01 00:00:00pages
965-72issue
5eissn
0006-3592issn
1097-0290journal_volume
105pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In enzymatic lysis of yeast for the recovery of intracellular proteins, the rupture of whole cells is caused by the action of a lytic system consisting primarily of protease and glucanase. A first-principles mechanism for the lytic reaction based on a two-layer model of the wall structure and a burst model for the dis...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260320905
更新日期:1988-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::Two simultaneous fermentations were performed at 26 degrees C with simultaneous inocula using Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum. Fermentation 1 prevented the gas formed by the biomass from escaping the fermentor while 2 allowed the gas formed to escape. Fermentor 1 provided for the production of butanol, acetone,...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260280302
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::More than 80 years after its discovery, penicillin is still a widely used and commercially highly important antibiotic. Here, we analyse the metabolic network of penicillin synthesis in Penicillium chrysogenum based on the concept of elementary flux modes. In particular, we consider the synthesis of the invariant mole...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.25694
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A kinetic resolution process for the production of chiral amines was developed using an enzyme-membrane reactor (EMR) and a hollow-fiber membrane contactor with (S)-specific omega-transaminases (omega-TA) from Vibrio fluvialis JS17 and Bacillus thuringiensis JS64. The substrate solution containing racemic amine and py...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.1050
更新日期:2001-05-05 00:00:00
abstract::The lignin peroxidases (LIP) and manganese peroxidases (MNP) of Phanerochaete chrysosporium catalyze a wide range of lignin depolymerization reactions with lignin models and synthetic lignins in solution. However, their ability to degrade insoluble natural lignin in aqueous media has not been demonstrated. Insoluble i...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19980320)57:6<704::aid-bit
更新日期:1998-03-20 00:00:00
abstract::A model for cometabolism is verified experimentally for a defined methanotrophic mixed culture. The model includes the effects of cell growth, endogenous cell decay, product toxicity, and competitive inhibition with the assumption that cometabolic transformation rates are enhanced by reducing power obtained from oxida...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(19971205)56:5<492::AID-BIT
更新日期:1997-12-05 00:00:00
abstract::A titration bioassay, designed to accurately determine the activity of acetoclastic methanogens, is described that also allows evaluation of inhibition due to potential toxicants on the active biomass. The instrument is made of a pH-stat connected to an anaerobic batch reactor. Acetate is blended and mixed with anaero...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.10088
更新日期:2002-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::Biofiltration of air polluted by volatile organic compounds is now recognized by the industrial and research communities as an effective and viable alternative to standard environmental technologies. Whereas many studies have focused on solid/liquid/gas biofilters, there have been fewer reports on waste air treatment ...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.20035
更新日期:2004-04-05 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of algae and bacteria to accumulate heavy metals from the surrounding environment is a widely recognized phenomenon that has a number of important implications. This work reports on the development of a quantitative model that addresses the basic mechanisms inherent in many uptake processes. The model post...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260340713
更新日期:1989-10-05 00:00:00
abstract::The cellulase system of Bacteroides cellulosolvens was subjected to both catabolite repression and feedback inhibition by cellobiose. Cellulose-solubilizing activity was 50% inhibited at a cellobiose concentration of 2.6 g/L and completely inhibited by 12 g/L. Glucose at 12 g/L (the highest concentration tested) had n...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260290916
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A model is proposed that accounts for the decreases in yield which occur in chemostat cultures of mesophilic yeasts at superoptimal growth temperatures. Two yield depressing effects were identified, one due to increased maintenance requirements by the viable fraction of the population, the other due to energy substrat...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260180603
更新日期:1976-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calculation of kinetic constants of an enzymatic reaction in organic solvents requires knowledge of the functional active-site concentration in organic solvents, and this can be significantly different than that in water. An experimental method for active-site titration of serine proteases in organic media has been de...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(19960505)50:3<329::AID-BIT
更新日期:1996-05-05 00:00:00
abstract::This research investigates the effect of solids retention time (SRT) on the acid-phase anaerobic digestion of primary sludge. A series of experiments were conducted using two continuous-flow 3-L units with the following configuration: a completely mixed reactor (CMR) with clarifier and solids recycle and an upflow ana...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260440103
更新日期:1994-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::Non-viral delivery of cell-impermeant drugs and DNA in vivo has traditionally relied upon either chemical or physical stress applied directly to target tissues. Physical methods typically use contact between an applicator, or electrode, and the target tissue and may involve patient discomfort. To overcome contact-depe...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.22451
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enzymatic bioreactors with both high flow characteristics and mechanical stability based on macroporous poly(2-vinyl-4, 4-dimethylazlactone-co-acrylamide-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) monoliths have been prepared. Covalent immobilization of trypsin on these support is achieved in a single reaction step using the azlacto...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19990105)62:1<30::aid-bit4
更新日期:1999-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::A new method for solid-state ethanol fermentation (the SSEF system) was experimented on for the ethanol production from solid starchy materials, where a packedbed-type fermentor was used. Both cultivation of Aspergillus saitoi and enrichment of a saccharifying enzyme were effective for hydrolysis of the starch. Ethano...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260270907
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tissue function is comprised of a complex interplay between biological and physicochemical rate processes. The design of bioreactors for tissue engineering must account for these processes simultaneously in order to obtain a bioreactor that provides a uniform environment for tissue growth and development. In the prese...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(19960605)50:5<479::AID-BIT
更新日期:1996-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::In this article, we consider the impact on downstream process design resulting from the use of metabolically engineered yeast strains. We address the issue of how manipulation of cell wall permeability can improve the release and subsequent recovery of heterologous products produced in yeast. ...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1998-04-20 00:00:00
abstract::The marine diatom Cyclotella cryptica was grown over a period of 13 months in a 48-m(2) shallow outdoor flume. The use of foil arrays at intervals of 1.2 m to effect systematic vertical mixing in the flume was found to significantly enhance microalgal production (p = 0.006). Average photosynthetic efficiencies (based ...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260320204
更新日期:1988-07-05 00:00:00
abstract::A new high throughput technique for enzyme characterization with specific attention to the long term stability, called "Enzyme Test Bench," is presented. The concept of the Enzyme Test Bench consists of short term enzyme tests in 96-well microtiter plates under partly extreme conditions to predict the enzyme long term...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.22242
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A bubble column (0.05 m(3)) and an air-lift fermentor (1.2 m(3)) were used for the production of the exocellular microbial polysaccharide xanthan with Xanthomonas campestris in a synthetic medium. Upon oxygen depletion in the liquid, the xanthan production rate dropped sharply and then became a linear function of the ...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260390113
更新日期:1992-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::Bifidobacterium animalis ATCC 27536 represents among bifidobacteria a host-model for cloning experiments. The segregational and structural stabilities of a family of cloning vectors with different molecular weights but sharing a common core were studied in continuous fermentation of the hosting B. animalis without sel...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.10737
更新日期:2003-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::Highly branched mutants of two strains of Aspergillus oryzae (IFO4177, which produces alpha-amylase, and a transformant of IFO4177 [AMG#13], which produces heterologous glucoamylase in addition to alpha-amylase) were generated by UV or nitrous acid mutagenesis. Four mutants of the parental strain (IFO4177), which were...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19991220)65:6<638::aid-bit
更新日期:1999-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::Protein engineering is a powerful tool for improving the properties of enzymes. However, large changes in enzyme properties are still challenging for traditional evolution strategies because they usually require multiple amino acid substitutions. In this study, a feasible evolution approach by a combination of fragmen...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.27203
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Product inhibition of biological production systems is a widely observed phenomenon with prominent implications for the design and ultimately the success of biotechnological processes. In order to investigate whether such effects could limit the maximal concentrations in the production of the beta-lactamase inhibitor ...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.21783
更新日期:2008-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::A strategy to determine effective diffusion coefficients of proteins in chromatographic gels is presented in this article. An experimental methodology based on frontal liquid chromatography was combined with a numerical methodology based on a mathematical model describing the chromatographic process including the extr...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.20738
更新日期:2006-03-05 00:00:00
abstract::Plasmid gene product accumulation in a cell population depends on the fraction of plasmid-containing cells and the distribution of single-cell plasmid content. These important population properties have been related to plasmid replication regulation and kinetics and to plasmid segregation rules at the single-cell leve...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260260519
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A model was developed to evaluate the effects of cells and surfactants on oxygen transfer in surface-aerated bioreactors. The model assumed the presence of serial layers of adsorbed surfactants and microorganisms directly adjacent to the gas-liquid interface due to their surface activities, followed by a stagnant liqu...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260401108
更新日期:1992-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::The encapsulin nanocompartment from Rhodococcus erythropolis N771 (Reencapsulin) was expressed and purified in wild-type and C-terminally His-tagged forms. Negative-stained transmission electron microscopy, field-flow fractionation combined with multi-angle light scattering and dynamic light scattering analyses showed...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.25322
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A rapid method is developed to analyze the kinetics of thermal inactivation of enzymes that exhibit a nonlinear biphasic log(activity)-time relationship. Thermal destruction experiments on alcohol dehydrogenase from baker's yeast demonstrate the applicability of the method. The method is based on physical consideratio...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(19960105)49:1<106::AID-BIT
更新日期:1996-01-05 00:00:00