Abstract：
:The authors review the antineoplastic effect of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors and their biological basis. mTOR is an intracellular serine/threonine kinase that is a central controller of cell growth and proliferation. mTOR integrates signals from sources such as nutrients and growth factors. mTOR regulation can affect angiogenesis, cell growth, nutrient uptake and utilization, and metabolism. Growth factors such as insulin growth factor, epidermal growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor bind to and activate receptors located on the cell surface. Receptors activate intracellular signaling cascades phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase-serine-threonine kinase-mTOR (PI3K-AKT-mTOR) leading to protein synthesis. Activation of the mTOR pathway is linked to increased protein synthesis by modulating elements that are important in cellular processes, including growth, proliferation, angiogenesis and nutrient uptake. Many growth factor receptors and signaling pathway components are deregulated in cancer. Deregulations in mTOR-linked pathways increase the risk of developing cancer or have been identified in many human cancers. Deregulations include overexpression of growth factors, overexpression or mutations of growth factor receptors, loss of tumor suppressor genes, and gain-of-function mutations in mTOR-linked pathways. These deregulations permit the survival, growth, proliferation and migration of cancer cells and promote tumor angiogenesis. Targeting them has been a successful anticancer strategy. Targeting mTOR as well as these deregulated pathways could provide enhanced anticancer activity. The efficacy of mTOR inhibitors in preventing several types of cancers in transplanted patients or in recovering cancers developed in transplant patients has been documented in both trials and single reports.
journal_name
J Nephroljournal_title
Journal of nephrologyauthors
Bertoni E,Salvadori Msubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-07-01 00:00:00pages
457-62issue
4eissn
1121-8428issn
1724-6059journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：BACKGROUND:Removal of anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) antibody by extracorporeal treatment including plasmapheresis or immunoadsorption (IA) has been considered an effective method in the treatment of Goodpasture's syndrome. In this study, we investigated the effect of IA on serum anti-GBM level and evalua...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The ongoing necessity for systemic heparinization is a well-known disadvantage of continuous renal replacement therapies (CRRT), and alternative methods of anticoagulation may be required. Our aim was to evaluate, in patients with a high risk of bleeding, the possibility of an acceptable filter life with non...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The effect of interleukin-11 (IL-11) on transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß) is controversial and has not been examined in renal diseases. In this study, we (i) characterised the up-regulation of TGF-ß1, phospho-p38 MAPK (p-p38 MAPK) and extracellular matrix during pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis and (ii)...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5301/jn.2010.5094
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Neurocognitive impairment is commonly reported in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The precise nature of this impairment is unclear, due to the lack of objective and quantitative assessment tools used. The feasibility of using robotic technology to precisely quantify neurocognitive impairment in p...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s40620-020-00912-z
更新日期：2021-01-05 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Left ventricular (LV) geometric patterns have never been evaluated as independent risk factors for renal disease progression (RDP). We investigated the risk factors for RDP in type 2 diabetic nephropathy patients, especially focusing on the effects of LV geometric patterns. METHODS:This was a single-center ...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5301/jn.2010.353
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study was conducted to determine the association between mortality, rurality, and distance from the treatment facility of the patients with ESRD. The United States Renal Data System (USRDS) for the year 2007-08 was utilized to conduct analysis of 181,349 subjects. After adjusting for all other covariates, the odds...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s40620-016-0324-3
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report a unusual case of idiopathic nodular glomerulosclerosis mimicking changes that develop in diabetic nephropathy. A 66-year-old non-diabetic female developed nephrotic range proteinuria and the work up was unremarkable. Light and electron microscopy showed mesangial expansion with Kimmelsteil-Wilson nodules an...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 59 year-old woman showed rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis during immunotherapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. She received unilateral nephrectomy and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) therapy for the treatment of retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis of renal cell carcinoma. With CTL therapy, her retroperiton...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Dialysate calcium (Ca) concentration should be viewed as part of the integrated therapeutic regimen to control renal osteodystrophy and maintain normal mineral metabolism. Thus, a correct ionized calcium mass balance (Ca++MB) during hemodialysis (HD) is crucial in the treatment of renal osteodystrophy. The G...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.5301/JN.2011.6385
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Preemptive isolated liver transplantation (PLTX) can cure the metabolic defect in primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) but there are no uniformally accepted recommendations concerning the timing of this transplantation procedure. We have performed PLTX successfully in 4 children (age 3-9 years) with PH1 with no mortalit...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is present in the peritoneal effluent of stable peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, but there are no data on cfDNA in PD patients with peritonitis. We investigated the variation of peritoneal cfDNA levels subsequent to peritonitis in PD patients. METHODS:We enrolled 53 PD patients: 30 w...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s40620-015-0212-2
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Medullary cystic kidney disease type 1 (MCKD1; OMIM #174000) is a familial progressive tubule-interstitial nephropathy belonging to the recently defined group of autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney diseases (ADTKD). CASE REPORT:A specific type of cytosine insertion in the extracellular variable n...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s40620-016-0282-9
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Pericardial effusion in uremic patients (UPE) was first described by R. Bright in 1836. It is generally agreed that patients require emergency pericardial drainage when tamponade signs are present, but in patients with no tamponade the optimal timing for drainage remains unclear. METHODS:To define patients ...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s40620-014-0107-7
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Lack of adherence may influence the efficiency of phosphate binders. Our clinical hypothesis was that if lanthanum carbonate (LC) might offer some advantage over sevelamer (S), that that would be in those patients in whom serum phosphate (P) levels were not controlled by S or in those requiring high doses ...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Different mitogens are involved in the pathogenesis of kidney damage after subtotal nephrectomy. One of them, TGF-beta, controls mesangial cell proliferation and interstitial fibrosclerosis. The transduction of the TGF-beta signal is controlled by intracellular signalling molecules such as Ras G monomeric pr...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Because urinary low molecular weight protein (LMWP) measurement shows changes in renal integrity at an early stage, beta2-microglobulin (B2m), retinol-binding protein (RBP) and alpha1-microglobulin (A1m) were evaluated in 24-hour urine collection of 65 patients with pure monoclonal light chain (MLC) proteinu...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic hypotension, defined by a systolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg in the interdialytic period, affects 5-10% of hemodialysis patients, and is more prevalent among patients on long-term hemodialysis. This complication requires a substantial amount of medical and nursing care before and during dialysis to control its...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Page kidney was first described in animal experiments in 1939. In the 1950s and 1960s the human counterpart became evident. In this review we examine the modest literature on this rare but important renal/urological complication, summarize the clinical features, and discuss the best approach to diagnosis and managemen...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One of the major concerns in organ transplantation is the early detection of humoral rejection, through improved diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Long-term survival of renal allografts is significantly lower in recipients developing donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies (DSAs) either pretransplant or posttransplant....
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.5301/jn.5000240
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Osteoporosis and chronic kidney disease (CKD) have both independently important potential impact on bone health. A significant number of patients with CKD stages 3a-5D have been shown to have low bone mineral density (BMD), leading to a strikingly elevated risk of fractures (mainly hip fractures) and higher associated...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s40620-017-0404-z
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inherited distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) is caused by impaired urinary acid excretion resulting in hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. Although the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is usually preserved, and hypertension and overt proteinuria are absent, it has to be considered that patients with dRTA also suffer ...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s40620-016-0370-x
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Causes of hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy in hemodialysis (HD) patients are multiple, but the role of fluid overload appears to be crucial. Short daily HD (sDHD = 2 hr x 6/week) seems to allow reductions in left ventricular mass (LVM) through the reduction of extracellular water (ECW). Better cardiovasc...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common complication of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) Types 1 and 2, and prevention of end stage renal disease (ESRD) remains a major challenge. Despite its high prevalence, the pathogenesis of DN is still controversial. Initial glomerular disease manifested by hyperfiltration and loss of glomer...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s40620-017-0423-9
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The aim of this work was to investigate the benefit of basiliximab induction therapy in living-related-donor kidney transplantation. METHODS:One hundred adult recipients of a first kidney allograft were randomized into two treatment groups, one to receive basiliximab and the second as a control. All patient...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The increase in progressive kidney disease, rising numbers of patients with end-stage renal disease, organ shortages for kidney transplants and poor long-term graft survival rates underline the need for better strategies to diagnose, prevent and treat renal disease. Histological analysis, based on renal biopsies and r...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.5301/jn.5000205
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gitelman syndrome (GS), an inherited disorder due to loss of function in mutations of the gene encoding the distal convoluted tubule Na-Cl cotransporter (NCCT), is characterized by hypokalemia metabolic alkalosis, hypomagnesemia and hypocalciuria. A 18-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital with a history of muscl...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The hallmark of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is macroscopic hematuria coinciding with, or immediately following, a mucosal infection, usually of the upper respiratory airways. The role of mucosal pathogens has been proven in different experimental models. Mucosal (or innate) immunity acts through the recognition of pathogen...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Rural-dwelling hemodialysis patients have less frequent contact with nephrologists than urban-dwelling patients, and are known to have higher mortality. We hypothesized that rural-dwelling hemodialysis patients would have more evidence of poorly controlled extracellular fluid volume (ECVF) than otherwise sim...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s40620-016-0337-y
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The kidney maintains systemic acid-base homeostasis through proximal tubular reclamation of filtered bicarbonate, and excretion of the daily mineral acid load by collecting duct type A intercalated cells. Impairment of either process produces renal tubular acidosis (RTA). This article will provide an overview of famil...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study aimed to evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and burden on family caregivers of chronic dialysis patients and to analyze which factors were associated with it. METHODS:A cross-sectional multicentric study was carried out with 221 patient/caregiver pairs. General population Short F...
journal_title：Journal of nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
