Abstract:
:In a cross-sectional study of 926 subjects from 10 drug treatment programs conducted in 1984 in New Jersey, the seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was 35% overall; 30% in whites, 33% in hispanics, and 46% in blacks (p = 0.01 for comparison of blacks to non-blacks). Univariate analysis showed the seroprevalence of HIV was not associated with age or gender, but did correlate with frequency of cocaine or heroin injection (p trend less than 0.001); frequency of needle sharing (p trend = 0.007); and inversely with levels of education (p = 0.05). The prevalence of HIV was also inversely related to the distance of the treatment center from lower Manhattan; being highest for distances of less than 5 miles from lower Manhattan and lowest for distances of 80 miles, with intermediate rates for the intervening distances (p trend less than 0.001). In multivariate analyses, HIV seropositivity was consistently associated with the frequency of needle sharing (p = 0.02) and less than 12 years (high school level) of education (p = 0.02), but not with black race. However, blacks who shared needles less than once a month had a relative risk of 3.2 (95% CI 1.2, 7.7) while non-blacks who shared less than once a month had a relative risk of only 0.9 (95% CI 0.3, 2.4). The risk in non-blacks increased to more than twofold with more frequent needle sharing. When the analysis was stratified by gender and adjusted for needle sharing and geography, a significant twofold increased risk was observed for female (but not male) subjects who had two or more heterosexual partners compared with those who had one partner.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
AIDS Res Hum Retrovirusesjournal_title
AIDS research and human retrovirusesauthors
Caussy D,Weiss SH,Blattner WA,French J,Cantor KP,Ginzburg H,Altman R,Goedert JJdoi
10.1089/aid.1990.6.1459subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-12-01 00:00:00pages
1459-67issue
12eissn
0889-2229issn
1931-8405journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates from six infected individuals less then 4 years of age were phenotyped for their syncytium-inducing (SI) ability in MT-2 cells. Three viral isolates that induced syncytia were detected. One SI isolate was from an individual who was in disease stage P2A,B,C and two S...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1994.10.1613
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a set of 42 antiretroviral naive HIV-1 infected persons who were treated with either Zidovudine (AZT) monotherapy, or a combination of AZT + ddC (Zalcitabine) or AZT + ddI (Didanosine), the HIV-1 DNA load was measured by competitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and related to the HIV-1 RNA load in plasma, the CD...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1089/aid.1998.14.1053
更新日期:1998-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::Human T-lymphotrophic virus type II (HTLV-II) has not yet been associated with any disease. Little is known about the proviral loads of HTLV-II in vivo and its relationship, if any, to lack of pathogenicity. We determined the HTLV-II proviral copy number in peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) samples from 49 HTLV-II-inf...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1995.11.1235
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antigenic properties of the V3 region are reflected by HIV-1 serotypes. These may represent biological properties of the virus. We serotyped HIV-1 in 142 serum samples from participants in a rural Uganda cohort who seroconverted between August 1991 and December 2001. Clinical progression was assessed using Cox proport...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2004.20.932
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Depletion of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and mtDNA-encoded respiratory chain proteins in subcutaneous (SC) fat from patients with HIV lipoatrophy have clearly demonstrated the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in this syndrome. Research in HIV lipoatrophy, however, has been severely hampered by the lack of a suitable su...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2007.0262
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Combinations of drugs targeting viral proteins have been used to limit or control drug resistance, which is the most important cause of treatment failure in HIV-1-infected individuals. We suggest an alternative approach, namely to target cellular proteins, which are less prone to mutations than viral proteins. Here we...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1089/aid.1997.13.1403
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The main goal of this work was to identify molecular signatures in envelope surface glycoprotein that may be correlated with coreceptor usage by different human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-2 strains. From inspection of aligned HIV-2 sequences, we verified that V1/V2 region showed the highest degree of amino acid sequ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2017.0192
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::For a HIV vaccine to be effective, it will be essential that it protect against the virus variants to which individuals are most frequently exposed. HIV-1 is predominantly a sexually acquired virus, thus, variants in genital secretions are a potentially important reservoir of viruses that are transmitted. Because ther...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1996.12.107
更新日期:1996-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of switching to a dolutegravir (DTG)-based regimen in a cohort of virological suppressed HIV-infected patients. The dynamics of total HIV-DNA and levels of high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), soluble-CD14 (sCD14) and D-Dimer were also ana...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2020.0196
更新日期:2021-01-24 00:00:00
abstract::We have characterized human foamy virus (HFV) proviral DNA and determined HFV expression in a persistent infection model, the Dami megakaryocytic cell line. Molecular studies were performed on parental persistently infected cells (Dami-P), as well as on derived clones (Dami-Cl). We report that in these nonlytic and no...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1995.11.829
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The seroprevalence and the occurrence of an HIV-1 subtype was assessed in blood samples of the Tiriyo tribe. Antibody was found in 0.6% and the molecular analysis of the pro region detected the emergence of a subtype B for the first time in a native Indian tribe of the Amazon region of Brazil. ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2006.22.1267
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the Th1 protective and regulatory T and B cell (Treg and Breg) responses to pH1N1 monovalent influenza vaccine (IIV1) in HIV-infected pregnant women on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 52 study participants were cryopreserved before and after va...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2015.0151
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human foamy virus (HFV) is a complex retrovirus that contains several regulatory and auxiliary bel genes besides the gag, pol, and env genes. In contrast to the gene products of bel 1 and bel 2/bet that were identified previously, the Bel 3 protein has not been described to date. Here we report the identification ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1994.10.595
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological studies strongly suggest that a newly discovered herpesvirus, Kaposi's sarcoma associated-herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV8), is the likely infectious cause of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Identification of this agent suggests the possibility that existing anti-herpesvirus chemotherapeutics have activity against KSHV. ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1997.13.1229
更新日期:1997-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::Activation of primary CD4+ T cells induces the CD155, but not the CD112 ligands for the natural killer (NK) cell activation receptor (aNKR) CD226 [DNAX accessory molecule-1 (DNAM-1)]. We hypothesize that HIV productively infects activated CD4+ T cells and makes itself vulnerable to NK cell-mediated lysis when CD155 on...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2015.0375
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report a novel HIV-1 circulating recombinant form (CRF79_0107) from three epidemiologically unlinked patients through sexual contact in Shanxi province of China. This is the first second-generation circulating recombinant form identified in China. The breakpoint analysis of recombinants showed that CRF79_0107 was c...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2017.0066
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analysis of reverse transcriptase (RT) sequences of 382 HIV-1 isolates from untreated and treated patients recruited in JJ Hospital (Mumbai, India) between 2002 and 2008 shows that subtype C is largely predominant (98%) and that non-C sequences cluster with A1, B, CRF01_AE, and CRF06_cpx. ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2008.0261
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies suggest that natural killer T (NKT) cells play a role in early antiviral pathogenesis and are rapidly depleted in chronic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) clade B infection. We aimed to characterize the phenotypic and functional characteristics of NKT cells in HIV-1 clade C-infected Africans ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2010.0237
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is known that transmitted drug resistance (TDR) will most likely emerge in regions where antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been widely available for years. However, after a decade of rapid scale-up of ART in China, there are few data regarding TDR among HIV-infected patients prior to initiating first-line ART in Chi...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2012.0164
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemokine receptors are molecules involved in the fusion of immunodeficiency viruses after their attachment. As chimpanzees are the animal model for infection by HIV-1, we cloned and sequenced chimpanzee CXCR4 and CCR5 from PBMCs. Chimpanzee CXCR4 was found to be identical to human CXCR4, which provides an explanation...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1997.13.1583
更新日期:1997-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::Retroviruses have been suggested as possible pathogenic factors in multiple sclerosis (MS), supported by the observation that endogenous retroviruses are activated in MS patients. Different members of the herpes family of which several are neurotropic have also been suggested as factors in MS pathogenesis. Further, in...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922204323048168
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, the increase of migration from countries where human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) is endemic to industrialized countries has facilitated the spread of the virus in individuals previously unexposed to this threat. In this report, we performed a phylogenetic analysis on pol and env sequences of...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2013.0091
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our previous studies have indicated that HIV transmission from infected mothers to infants occurs with viruses showing rapid kinetics of replication, and either resistance to maternal neutralizing antibodies or sensitivity to enhancing antibodies. The genotypic patterns that result in these and other phenotypic viral ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/08892220050116998
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zidovudine (ZDV) is converted to its active triphosphate (ZDVTP) by intracellular kinases. The intermediate ZDV monophosphate (ZDVMP) is believed to play a major role in ZDV toxicity. Manipulation of ZDV phosphorylation is a possible therapeutic strategy for altering the risk-benefit ratio. Here we investigate whether...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1998.14.1661
更新日期:1998-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-1 infection causes functional defects in T cells. It also leads to a progressive reduction in numbers of such cells and both CD4+ and CD8+ cells have been reported to undergo apoptosis in culture. A corresponding reduction in B cells has not been described, but these cells are also functionally altered, with repor...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1997.13.1031
更新日期:1997-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::The conditioned medium of a HTLV-I-carrying T cell line HUT-102 showed cytotoxic activity against a mouse fibroblast cell line L-M. We prepared the cDNA library from HUT-102 poly(A)+ RNA and screened it using oligonucleotide probes that correspond to the amino acid sequences conserved in tumor necrosis factor (TNF) an...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1989.5.663
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined risk factors for avascular bone necrosis (AVN) particularly focusing o the question of whether antiretroviral treatment (ART) is associated with the emergence of osteonecrosis. After 11 years of following the entire cohort, 26 patients were found to have AVN. Compared to 260 concurrent HIV-infected control...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2004.20.909
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human endogenous retrovirus, type K (HERV-K) represents the most biologically active form of known retroelements present in the human genome. Several HERV-K genomes have transcriptionally active open reading frames and encode their own protease (PR). The HERV-K PR has been shown to authentically cleave human immun...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922200750054701
更新日期:2000-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::The induction of both neutralizing antibodies and non-neutralizing antibodies with effector functions, for example, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), is desired in the search for effective vaccines against HIV-1. In the pursuit of novel immunogens capable of inducing an efficient antibody response, rabb...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2017.0140
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-1 is capable of mimicking the ligand of integrin α(4)β(7) by displaying a tripeptide mimotope on the V2 region. Through this mimicry HIV can bind the α(4)β(7) integrin and get carried through the lymphocyte proliferation signaling pathway, cell-to-cell adhesion and can migrate to gut-associated lymphoid tissues. T...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2011.0007
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00