Abstract:
:It is known that transmitted drug resistance (TDR) will most likely emerge in regions where antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been widely available for years. However, after a decade of rapid scale-up of ART in China, there are few data regarding TDR among HIV-infected patients prior to initiating first-line ART in China. A prospective, observational cohort study was performed at sentinel sites in five provinces or municipalities. Study participants were recruited at the county- or city-level centers for disease control (CDCs), during routine monitoring visits following referral from diagnosing parties (e.g., hospitals). Each province or municipality recruited 140 patients through sequential sampling throughout the 2011 calendar year. A total of 627 eligible subjects were included in the analysis. the median CD4(+) cell count was 206 cells/ml at the baseline survey. The majority of patients (93.5%) had plasma HIV viral load ≥1,000 copies/ml. Of the 627 patients, 17 (2.7%) had drug resistance mutations for any type of HIV drugs. The prevalence of drug resistance mutations to nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) drugs (8/627, 1.3%) was higher than to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) drugs (5/627, 0.8%) and protease inhibitor (PI) drugs (4/627, 0.6%). A logistic regression model showed that the only predictive factor was the route of infection through homosexual intercourse, i.e., men who have sex with men (MSM) status. As HIV prevalence is rising rapidly among Chinese MSM, it is essential to continue surveying this risk group and related high-risk populations with low awareness of HIV, and to develop new public health interventions that help to reduce the spread of drug-resistant HIV.
journal_name
AIDS Res Hum Retrovirusesjournal_title
AIDS research and human retrovirusesauthors
Wang X,He C,Xing H,Liao L,Xu X,He J,Liu Y,Ling H,Liang S,Hsi JH,Ruan Y,Shao Ydoi
10.1089/aid.2012.0164subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-12-01 00:00:00pages
1637-9issue
12eissn
0889-2229issn
1931-8405journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The concept that HIV causes AIDS only by directly killing CD4 cells has been questioned by a number of investigators. There has been experimental support for a number of indirect mechanisms such as apoptosis, anergy, superantigen-induced cell proliferation and depletion, defective signaling, molecular mimicry, and aut...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/aid.1993.9.287
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-1 subtype C is the prevalent subtype in South Africa, with non-C subtypes being sporadically detected. The accessory genes of subtype C have not been well studied in South Africa. In this study the HIV-1 vpr region of 58 strains was amplified, sequenced, and subtyped. Phylogenetic analysis characterized 54 strains...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2008.0251
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journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
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journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2011.0192
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to investigate how human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gains entry to the placenta, we have performed in vitro experiments in which highly purified trophoblast cells isolated from term human placentas were examined for their susceptibility to HIV infection. Trophoblast cells were exposed to cell-free HIV-1 for...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1991.7.735
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journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1994.10.595
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) leads to a progressive immunodeficiency characterized by decreasing levels of CD4+ T lymphocytes. VaxSyn, a vaccine based on the recombinant envelope glycoprotein subunit (rgp160) of HIV-1IIIB, was used to immunize HIV-infected patients to determine whether its adm...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1089/aid.1998.14.483
更新日期:1998-04-10 00:00:00
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journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1991.7.923
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enhancement of immunity in the setting of HIV infection is difficult owing to loss of functional CD4+ T cells. The MHC class II-deficient mouse (II-/-) environment simulates that of the immunocompromised HIV-infected individual, since these mice have low CD4+ T cell numbers, defective CD4-dependent responses, and are ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1998.14.1263
更新日期:1998-09-20 00:00:00
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journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2006.22.1131
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2009.0305
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2004.20.1289
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/08892220050042783
更新日期:2000-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::We compared HIV-1 subtype B reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease mutation patterns in isolates from heavily treated persons in Northern California with those from persons described in the published literature predominantly from other parts of the United States and Europe. There were few differences in the prevalenc...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922203322493085
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a frequent comorbidity among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Alcohol consumption is a significant predictor of nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART), as well as worsening immunological and virological indicators among PLWHA. Clinical studies indicate that higher viral loads in...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2017.0195
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate the changes of neutralizing antibodies and viruses during simian and human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) infection, we examined the cross-neutralizing ability of sequential sera from three macaques infected with SHIV, NM-3rN, and analyzed the sensitivity of the reisolate to neutralizing antibodies. Neut...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922202753614236
更新日期:2002-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::Population genotyping (PG) can underestimate resistance if resistance-containing low abundance variants go undetected. PG and clonal analysis (CA) results were compared in virologic failures (VFs) from a 48-week clinical trial that evaluated once-daily fosamprenavir/ritonavir (FPV/r) 1400 mg/100 mg or atazanavir/riton...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1089/aid.2009.0189
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2005.21.673
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922204323048168
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922201750461366
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journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1994.10.1557
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-1 Nef has been demonstrated to be integral for viral persistence, infectivity, and the acceleration of disease pathogenesis (AIDS) in humans. Nef has also been detected in the plasma of HIV-infected individuals and is released from infected cells. The form in which Nef is released from infected cells is unknown. H...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Matilda effect illustrates how the contributions of women to science have been historically attributed to their male colleagues in some circumstances. This effect may perpetuate and even increase the gender gap we currently face. Recognizing the work of great women who led our way and committed their careers to tr...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::In this study HIV-1 subtype C-infected adults demonstrated higher purifying selection on their viral populations in reverse transcriptase (RT) than infected children. This difference is likely explained by more mature cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses in adults, which may have implications for the development of drug r...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2015.0023
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abstract::To investigate the HIV-1 molecular epidemiology among young people (18 to 25 years old) in Hangzhou. Plasma samples from 262 newly diagnosed HIV-1-infected patients were collected between 2009 and 2013 from Hangzhou of Zhejiang province. HIV-1 nucleotide sequences of pol gene regions were amplified using a nested poly...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Although the breadth of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific cellular immune response and its impact on the control of viral replication have already been addressed, reported data have proven controversial. We hypothesize that the nature of targeted epitopes, rather than the simple breadth or magni...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Understanding factors that affect heterosexual transmission of HIV in women is of great importance. Lactobacilli in the lower genital tract of women utilize glycogen in vaginal epithelial cells as an energy source and produce lactic acid. The resultant vaginal acidity is believed to provide protection against HIV infe...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2011.0071
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Replacing the Pseudomonas exotoxin A (PE) cell binding domain with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gp120 binding domain from CD4 yields a hybrid toxin (CD4-PE) with potential therapeutic use in treating acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). To find the most therapeutically potent combination of CD4 and PE ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1991.7.393
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To examine the genetic features of the long terminal repeat (LTR) derived from six HIV-1-infected individuals enrolled in the Mexico City Cohort, we cloned and sequenced a 505-bp fragment of the proviral LTR from their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). All patients harbored HIV-1 LTR quasispecies correspondi...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
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