Making a visual map: mechanisms and molecules.

abstract：:Oscillation in motor pattern generators is driven either by pacemaker neurons with inherent bursting properties or through network interactions. In a few examples in invertebrates and lower vertebrates, the mechanisms by which reciprocal inhibition combines with inherent membrane properties to produce network oscillat...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Calabrese RL

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies suggest that endocannabinoids act as retrograde messengers at many synapses in the central nervous system. Activation of phospholipases, either through calcium-mediated or receptor-mediated signaling, leads to the formation and release of endocannabinoids. These lipophilic signaling molecules diffuse to...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Kreitzer AC,Regehr WG

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite their differences, human language and the vocal communication of nonhuman primates share many features. Both constitute a form of joint action, rely on similar neural mechanisms, and involve discrete, combinatorial cognition. These shared features suggest that during evolution the ancestors of modern primates ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Seyfarth RM,Cheney DL

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent data show that the ventral premotor cortex in both humans and monkeys has motor and cognitive functions. The cognitive functions include space perception, action understanding and imitation. The data also show a clear functional homology between monkey area F5 and human area 44. Preliminary evidence suggests th...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Rizzolatti G,Fogassi L,Gallese V

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The idea that visual signals relayed by the parvocellular and magnocellular subdivisions of the lateral geniculate nucleus remain segregated in the cerebral cortex has attracted considerable attention. It has been proposed that parvocellular contributions dominate in the temporal visual cortex, and that magnocellular ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Maunsell JH

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent progress in our understanding of the trafficking of potassium channels can be seen in particular when considering the Kv-type channels. To date, we have discovered that folding of the Kv1.3 T1 domain begins in the ribosomal exit tunnel, and that the cell surface expression of Kv4 channels is enhanced by the pre...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Heusser K,Schwappach B

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent technological advances have enabled the use of different optical methods to activate neurons, including 'caged' glutamate, photoactivation of genetically engineered cascades, and direct two-photon excitation. The ability to use light as a stimulation tool provides, in principle, a non-invasive method for the te...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Callaway EM,Yuste R

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:New discoveries challenge the long-held view that aging is characterized by progressive loss and decline. Evidence for functional reorganization, compensation and effective interventions holds promise for a more optimistic view of neurocognitive status in later life. Complexities associated with assigning function to ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Reuter-Lorenz PA,Lustig C

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyclic-nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels play key roles in photoreceptor and olfactory signal-transduction pathways. Recent studies have focused on the molecular characterization of CNG channel subunits and on the identification of the structural domains that contribute to ligand selectivity and affinity, ion gating and...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Molday RS

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:'Auditory scenes' often contain contributions from multiple acoustic sources. These are usually heard as separate auditory 'streams', which can be selectively followed over time. How and where these auditory streams are formed in the auditory system is one of the most fascinating questions facing auditory scientists t...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Shamma SA,Micheyl C

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neocortex expansion in development and evolution reflects an increased and prolonged activity of neural progenitor cells. Insight into key aspects of the underlying cell biology has recently been obtained. First, the restriction of apical progenitors to undergo mitosis at the ventricular surface is overcome by generat...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Wilsch-Bräuninger M,Florio M,Huttner WB

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Müller Glia (MG), the radial glia cells of the retina, have spectacular morphologies subserving their enormous functional complexity. As early as 1892, the great neuroanatomist Santiago Ramon y Cajal studied the morphological development of MG, defining several steps in their morphogenesis [1,2]. However, the molecula...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： MacDonald RB,Charlton-Perkins M,Harris WA

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fast synaptic inhibition is largely mediated by GABA(A) receptors (GABA(A)Rs), ligand-gated chloride channels that play an essential role in the control of cell and network activity in the brain. Recent work has demonstrated that the delivery, number and stability of GABA(A)Rs at inhibitory synapses play a key role in...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Smith KR,Kittler JT

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The impact of microarray studies on neurobiology has been limited because, with the exception of a few outstanding papers, most reports provide little more than lists of genes, often leaving the reader at a loss to understand which and how many of the identified transcripts will be true positives with significant biol...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Henry GL,Zito K,Dubnau J

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:AMPA receptors (AMPARs) mediate the majority of fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the brain. Dynamic changes in neuronal synaptic efficacy, termed synaptic plasticity, are thought to underlie information coding and storage in learning and memory. One major mechanism that regulates synaptic strength involves the...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Anggono V,Huganir RL

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Circadian clocks organize neural processes, such as motor activities, into near 24-hour oscillations and adaptively synchronize these rhythms to the solar cycle. Recently, the first mammalian clock genes have been found. Unpredicted diversity in signaling pathways and clock-controlled gating of signals that modulate t...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Gillette MU

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the past year, several key molecular components of the RNA trafficking pathway in myelinating cells have been identified: distinct cis-acting elements for RNA transport and localization have been characterized in myelin basic protein mRNA; hnRNP A2 has been identified as a trans-acting factor in oligodendrocytes th...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Carson JH,Kwon S,Barbarese E

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The study of spatial maps of the ventral sensory-motor cortex (vSMC) dates back to the earliest cortical stimulation studies. This review surveys a number of recent and historical reports of the features and function of spatial maps within vSMC towards the human behavior of speaking. Representations of the vocal tract...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Conant D,Bouchard KE,Chang EF

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article reviews recent evidence suggesting that endogenous ciliary neurotrophic factor may be involved in neural responses to injury, and discusses the possibility that ciliary neurotrophic factor could have therapeutic applications in a clinical setting. The functional relevance of ciliary neurotrophic factor in...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Adler R

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This past year has seen significant advances in our understanding of the physiology of emotion. Attention continues to focus on the amygdala and its interconnections with prefrontal cortical regions. New evidence underscores the importance of lateralization for emotion. There are also new findings on the physiological...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Davidson RJ,Sutton SK

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent functional brain imaging studies of the neurobiology of emotion have investigated how individual differences among subjects modulate neural responses during emotion processing. Differences in personality, dispositional affect, biological sex, and genotype can all substantially modulate the neural bases of emoti...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Hamann S,Canli T

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent experiments on the retina have examined the effectiveness of various factors (e.g. growth factors, neurotrophins and cytokines) for enhancing survival and reducing injury of retinal neurons, such as photoreceptors and ganglion cells, whose death leads to blindness in degenerative retinal diseases. It has also b...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Steinberg RH

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent years have seen cytoskeleton dynamics emerging as a key player in axon regeneration. The cytoskeleton, in particular microtubules and actin, ensures the growth of neuronal processes and maintains the singular, highly polarized shape of neurons. Following injury, adult central axons are tipped by a dystrophic st...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Blanquie O,Bradke F

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Proteoglycans are ubiquitous cell-surface and secreted glycoproteins that are involved in diverse cellular behaviors. The identities of several nervous system proteoglycans, including many of the major species in the mammalian brain, have recently come to light. In addition, recent studies have given new insights into...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Lander AD

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Classical eyelid conditioning has been used to great advantage in demonstrating that the cerebellum helps to improve movements through experience, and in identifying the underlying mechanisms. Results from recent studies support the hypotheses that learning occurs in both the cerebellar nucleus and cortex, and that th...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Medina JF,Nores WL,Ohyama T,Mauk MD

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent psychophysical studies on normal subjects, as well as brain imaging studies, have revised the concepts concerning the mechanisms underlying spatial orientation during navigation tasks. The emphasis has been put on internal models that allow the prediction of a planned trajectory and are essential in the steerin...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Berthoz A,Viaud-Delmon I

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cerebellar long-term depression is a persistent, input-specific attenuation of the parallel fiber-Purkinje neuron synapse induced by co-activation of parallel fibers and climbing fibers. This phenomenon endows the Purkinje neuron with a powerful associative computational ability. Recent investigations have provided st...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Linden DJ,Connor JA

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A major issue in development is to understand how local heterogeneities are interpreted to determine specific cell fates. The sense organs of Drosophila provide an accessible system for addressing this issue. Most sense organs comprise four types of cells, and their differentiation is the outcome of a complex developm...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Vervoort M,Dambly-Chaudière C,Ghysen A

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Expression of vnd in ventral, ind in intermediate, and msh in dorsal columns of fly neurectoderm, and of homologous gene families in corresponding domains of vertebrate neurectoderm, suggests that elements of dorsoventral neural patterning have been evolutionarily conserved. However, upstream signaling pathways regula...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Cornell RA,Ohlen TV

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of motor behaviour depends on the differentiation of underlying circuitry. Recent work with the zebrafish brings the simple swimming behaviour of lower vertebrates and their embryos into focus as a suitable model to study the development of motor circuitry and its genetic control. Changes in connectivi...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Bate M

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00