Abstract:
:It has been argued that the phenomenon of hormesis should prompt us to revise current regulatory policy in order to take beneficial effects of small doses of various agents into account. I argue that three problems--the comparative smallness of hormetic effects, the fine-tuning problem, and the problem of aggregated actions--should lead us not to overemphasize the importance of hormesis for policy, and that they, if anything, points towards a non-consequentialist approach to the ethics of risk.
journal_name
Hum Exp Toxicoljournal_title
Human & experimental toxicologyauthors
Sandin Pdoi
10.1177/0960327108098490subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-08-01 00:00:00pages
643-6issue
8eissn
0960-3271issn
1477-0903pii
27/8/643journal_volume
27pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::After acknowledging Renn's careful investigation and valuable insights, this paper expands on some issues that have been somewhat neglected in his account. It addresses the relationship between risk, uncertainity and ignorance in risk assessment, focusing in particular on the need to recognize that framing assumptions...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1191/0960327103ht315oa
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The synthetic catecholamine isoprenaline (ISO) has been used as an inductor in the acute myocardial infarction model for more than a half century. Despite the fact that many articles were published on this topic, precise early haemodynamic pathology remains unknown. Acute haemodynamic changes were measured in rats; fi...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327112438927
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Postoperative cognitive dysfunction, which is associated with a wide range of cognitive functions including working memory, long-term memory, information processing, attention, and cognitive flexibility, is a major clinical issue in geriatric surgical patients. The aim of the current study was to determine the protect...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327116688068
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methanol, a potent toxicant in humans, occurs naturally at a low level in most alcoholic beverages without causing harm. However, illicit drinks made from "industrial methylated spirits" [5% (v/v) methanol:95% (v/v) ethanol] can cause severe and even fatal illness. Since documentation of a no-adverse-effect level for ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/096032701718620864
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present investigation was to check the fluctuation in essential elements, such as Na, K, Mg, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cr and Ni in the brain, spinal cord, liver and kidney of mice during methylmercury chloride (MMC) toxication and therapy with monothiols (N-acetyl-DL-homocysteine thiolactone and glutathione) and vit...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719401301201
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two studies were performed in order to evaluate cytochrome P450 1A2 mediated caffeine metabolism during different nutritional conditions. 1. In the first study, 23 healthy male non-smokers, mean age 25, changed from a customary mixed diet to a standard diet in 6 days. The 6 day's standard diet was based on bread, pota...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719501401004
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two previously healthy women developed nausea, vomiting, headache and dizziness for several days, a massive hair loss about 2 weeks later and a discoloration of the fingernails. Detailed diagnostic procedures did not reveal any pathological results. Therapeutic measures did not show any effect. Thallium and arsenic we...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327109360046
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study of Jayjock and Lewis, 'Implication of Hormesis for Industrial Hygiene', represents a challenge for the scientific community to consider hormesis as a possible working hypothesis for redefining risk assessment strategy for low-dose exposures in the realm of industrial hygiene. This invited commentary aims at ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327102ht269xx
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pityriasis rosea (PR) is a common, acute, and self-limited inflammatory skin disease. The typical clinical presentation includes the appearance of a primary "herald" patch followed within days to weeks by the onset of secondary scaly skin eruptions distributed along the skin tension line in most cases. Although PR is ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327113478444
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we examined the effect of the aqueous extract of Thonningia sanguinea (T.S.) on 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD, CYP1A1), 7-pentoxyresorufin O-dealkylase (PROD, CYP2B1/2), 7-methoxyresorufin O-demethylase (MROD, CYP1A2), aniline hydroxylase (aniline, CYP2E1), p-nitrophenol hydroxylase (PNPH, CYP2E1)...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/096032700667732543
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of bisphenol A (BPA) on nitric oxide (NO) production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression by neutrophils with regard to sex and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway participation in this process. This study demonstrated that BPA intensifies the production o...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327118793188
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dimerized translationally controlled tumor protein (dTCTP) plays a role in allergic diseases. A 7-mer peptide, dimerized translationally binding protein 2 (dTBP2), binds to dTCTP and inhibits dTCTP, suggesting that the 7-mer peptide may have therapeutic potential. We assessed the safety of dTBP2 by examining its cytot...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327113477873
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN) is a progressive neuropathic disorder that manifests in days to weeks following exposure to an acute dose of organophosphates. The precise mechanism involved in the development of OPIDN is not clear as it develops after many days of the cessation of cholinergic crisis...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327112446842
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was designed to evaluate the cardioprotective potential of lycopene (LCP) against isoproterenol (ISP)-induced myocardial infarction (MI), by assessing hemodynamic, biochemical and histopathological parameters. Wistar male albino rats were orally administered with LCP (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg/kg) or with ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327112454890
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Deliberate self-poisoning (DSP) is a major health problem with increasing incidence mainly among young people. OBJECTIVE:To examine the clinical and toxicological characteristics of DSP, it is compared to unintentional (non-DSP) exposures and those characteristics which might be associated with increased to...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327104ht454oa
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A retrospective review of medical records was carried out to determine the pattern of drug and chemical poisoning cases admitted to a teaching hospital in Malaysia. Medical records of patients admitted during the period January 1987 to December 1995 were reviewed. They accounted for 0.2% of total admissions during the...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327102ht260oa
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Persistent organochlorine pollutants (POPs), such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane (DDT) and its major metabolite 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)-ethylene (p,p' -DDE) have been associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in rece...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1177/0960327107076886
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the present study is to establish a new animal model of azithromycin (AZ)-induced liver injury and study the molecular pathological change during the process. First, mice were respectively injected intraperitoneally with AZ of different high doses. Our results showed that 800 mg/kg AZ injection signific...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327115595684
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Celecoxib has been shown to have antitumor effect in previous studies but the mechanisms are unclear. The effect of celecoxib on cytosolic Ca(2+) concentrations ([Ca(2+)]i) and viability in HA59T human hepatoma cells was explored. The Ca(2+)-sensitive fluorescent dye fura-2 was applied to measure [Ca(2+)]i. Celecoxib ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327112472996
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hexafluorocyclobutene (HFCB), a reactive organohalogen gas, causes overwhelming pulmonary oedema. We investigated its effect on the rat lung surfactant system, comparing its action on type II pneumocytes with air-exposed rats. The inflammatory cell population and protein content of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was ana...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/096032701678227686
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pharmacological potential of curcumin was assessed in PC12 cells against hydrogen peroxide (H(2) O(2)) exposure. In MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays, 24-hour exposure of H(2)O(2) (0.5 mM and above) was found to be cytotoxic. A significant (p < 0...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327110371696
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deregulated cancer cell metabolism plays an important role in cancer progression. Cancer cell metabolism has been in the centre of attention in therapeutical cancer cell targeting. Repurposed chemical agents, such as metformin and aspirin, have been studied extensively as preventive and therapeutic agents. Metformin i...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327117747025
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The effect of pyridostigmine on cardiorespiratory function after oxime + atropine injection was investigated in tabun poisoned guinea-pigs and without tabun poisoning. 2. The trachea, a carotid artery and jugular vein were cannulated in female urethane-anaesthetised Pirbright-white guinea-pigs. After baseline measu...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719501400803
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Personal reflections on radiation hormesis for the past 50 years are presented. The causes of ignoring and rejections of this phenomenon by international and national bodies and by radiation protection establishment are analyzed. The opposition against nuclear weapons and preparations for nuclear war was probably the ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/0960327110363974
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In responding to Drs Calabrese and Baldwin's question, 'At what point, if ever, should hormesis be employed as the principal dose response default assumption in risk assessment?', we examined the benefits of replacing traditional dose-response with hormesis. In general, hormesis provides more complete useful informati...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327105ht521oa
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The isolated and identified triterpenoid, 1-hydroxytetratriacontane-4-one (C34H68O2), obtained from the methanolic leaf extract of Leucas aspera Linn. was explored for the first time for antisnake venom activity. The plant (L. aspera Linn.) extract significantly antagonized the spectacled cobra (Naja naja naja) venom ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327113494901
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Tobacco smoke contains around 4000 substances, most of which are described as toxic, and they may have an influence on the development of progeny. 2. The present studies concentrate on the measurement and calculation of indices describing the new-born's survival, rearing of pups, weight of foetuses, young animals, ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/096032799678839996
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seafood is considered by nutritionists to be a high source of omega 3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFAs) which are involved in prevention of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the present study is firstly to detect the presence of organochlorine pesticides and heavy metals in some fresh seafood of ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327110396535
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kampo (Japanese traditional herbal) medicines have been produced by combining multiple crude drugs, almost all of plant origin but with some of animal or mineral origin, and contain a great many substances. Their effect is a combination of the various interactions of the constituent substances, whether they are enhanc...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1191/0960327106het654oa
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cisplatin is an effective anticancer drug used against a variety of cancers. The full therapeutic potential of cisplatin is often hampered due to concurrent development of various side effects in the hosts. Rutin, a naturally occurring bioflavonoid shows several pharmacological activities. It has been earlier reported...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327120947793
更新日期:2020-08-13 00:00:00