Abstract：
:In recent years, the emphasis of theoretical work on phylogenetic inference has shifted from the development of new tree inference methods to the development of methods to measure the statistical support for the topologies. This paper reviews 3 approaches to assign support values to branches in trees obtained in the analysis of molecular sequences: the bootstrap, the Bayesian posterior probabilities for clades, and the interior branch tests. In some circumstances, these methods give different answers. It should not be surprising: their assumptions are different. Thus the interior branch tests assume that a given topology is true and only consider if a particular branch length is longer than zero. If a tree is incorrect, a wrong branch (a low bootstrap or Bayesian support may be an indication) may have a non-zero length. If the substitution model is oversimplified, the length of a branch may be overestimated, and the Bayesian support for the branch may be inflated. The bootstrap, on the other hand, approximates the variance of the data under the real model of sequence evolution, because it involves direct resampling from this data. Thus the discrepancy between the Bayesian support and the bootstrap support may signal model inaccuracy. In practical application, use of all 3 methods is recommended, and if discrepancies are observed, then a careful analysis of their potential origins should be made.
journal_name
J Appl Genetjournal_title
Journal of applied geneticsauthors
Wróbel Bdoi
10.1007/BF03195249subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-01-01 00:00:00pages
49-67issue
1eissn
1234-1983issn
2190-3883pii
430journal_volume
49pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Selective DNA pooling is an advanced methodology for linkage mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) in farm animals. The principle is based on densitometric estimates of marker allele frequency in pooled DNA samples of phenotypically extreme individuals from half-sib, backcross and F(2) experimental designs in farm ...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proper epigenetic regulation processes are crucial in the normal development of the human brain. An ever-increasing group of neurodevelopmental disorders due to derangements of epigenetic regulation involve both microdeletion and monogenic syndromes. Some of these syndromes have overlapping clinical phenotypes due to ...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s13353-017-0408-3
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In addition to their normal developmental processes, plants have evolved complex genetic and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms to cope with various environmental stresses. It has been shown that both DNA methylation and histone modifications are involved in DNA damage response to various types of stresses. In this stud...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s13353-014-0226-9
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Group-1 homoelog genes in wheat genomes encode storage proteins and are the major determinants of wheat product properties. Consequently, understanding the genetic diversity of group-1 homoelogs and genes encoding storage proteins, especially the low-molecular-weight glutenins (LMW-GSs), within wheat landrace genomes ...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s13353-020-00564-6
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Kernel size and morphology influence the market value and milling yield of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling kernel traits in hexaploid wheat. We recorded 1000-kernel weight, kernel length, and kernel width for 185 recombinant inb...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF03208872
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites with potential dangers for animal and human health. In particular, maize (Zea mays L.) infection caused by Fusarium and the consequent fumonisin contamination is widespread in several countries such as Italy. We developed six maize populations differing in their constitution of reg...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s13353-010-0014-0
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Porcine pregnancy-associated glycoprotein genes (pPAG) are known as a multigene family, in which five members have been cloned and sequences of their cDNAs identified. Porcine PAG1 and pPAG3 genes, belonging to the pPAG1-like subfamily, both encode enzymatically inactive precursors. In contrast, cDNAs of pPAG2, pPAG4 ...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent evidence indicates an important role of inflammation pathways, airways remodeling and epithelium activation in asthma genetics. In particular, transcriptome studies have detected differentially expressed genes involved in eosinophil apoptosis, the arginase pathway, response to allergens or interleukins, and to ...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review presents the basic problems and currently available molecular techniques used for genetic profiling in disaster victim identification (DVI). The environmental conditions of a mass disaster often result in severe fragmentation, decomposition and intermixing of the remains of victims. In such cases, traditio...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s13353-011-0068-7
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pollen proteases were discovered over 100 years ago, whereas the enzymes from female tissues have been used since the Roman era in simple biotechnological processes. In the last decade a great progress has been made in studies on plant proteases, including those from the generative organs. This paper reviews reports p...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of genetic background in childhood-onset combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD) has been extensively studied. The major contributors are the PROP1, POU1F1, LHX3, LHX4 and HESX1 genes coding transcription factors implicated in pituitary organogenesis. The clinical consequences of mutations encompass impa...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s13353-015-0328-z
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A simplified AFLP method, based on methylation-sensitive Alw44I restriction endonuclease, has been developed and evaluated for fingerprinting 15 wheat cultivars. The selected germplasms represented groups of spring and winter wheats with and without the 1BL.1RS translocation. Ten selective primers yielded 57 markers, ...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Progress in mammalian cloning started from cloning embryos (of mice, rats, rabbits, sheep, goats, pigs, cattle and rhesus monkeys) and culminated in obtaining clones of sheep, cattle, pigs and mice from adult somatic cells. Knowing the relationship between the cell cycles of the recipient and the donor of cell nucleus...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH) is a group of rare neurodevelopmental diseases with severe microcephaly at birth. One type of the disorder, MCPH2, is caused by biallelic mutations in the WDR62 gene, which encodes the WD repeat-containing protein 62. Patients with WDR62 mutation may have a wide range of...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s13353-019-00486-y
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Relationship coefficients are particularly useful to improve genetic management of endangered populations. These coefficients are traditionally based on pedigree data, but in case of incomplete or inexistent pedigrees they are replaced by coefficients calculated from molecular data. The main objective of this study wa...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF03195664
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reviews and updates current information on the possible genetic basis for cutaneous lupus erythematosus. The aetiology of this condition remains unknown and is believed to be multifactorial, involving genetic, environmental and retroviral factors. A genetic predisposition is probably the greatest risk fac...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The white coat colour of sheep is an important economic trait. For unknown reasons, some animals are born with, and others develop with time, black skin spots that can also produce pigmented fibres. The presence of pigmented fibres in the white wool significantly decreases the fibre quality. The aim of this work was t...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s13353-011-0066-9
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The psbA-trnH intergenic region is among the most variable regions in the gymnosperm chloroplast genome. It is proposed as suitable for DNA barcoding studies and is useful in phylogenetics at the species level. This region consists of two parts differing in their evolutionary characteristics: 1) the psbA 3’UTR (...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF03208855
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Functional lox-like sequences have been identified within the yeast and mammalian genome. These hetero-specific lox sites also allow Cre recombinase to specifically target efficient integration of exogenous DNA into the endogenous pseudo-lox (ψlox) sequences that occur naturally in the host genome using a Cre/loxP int...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s13353-010-0011-3
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gaucher disease (GD) is an autosomal recessive inborn error of metabolism, resulting from a deficiency of the enzyme glucocerebrosidase, causing an accumulation of the glycolipid glucocerebroside within lysosomes of macrophages in the reticuloendothelial system. Three major clinical forms have been assigned and more t...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF03195642
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nearly all bacterial species, including pathogens, have the ability to form biofilms. Biofilms are defined as structured ecosystems in which microbes are attached to surfaces and embedded in a matrix composed of polysaccharides, eDNA, and proteins, and their development is a multistep process. Bacterial biofilms const...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s13353-015-0309-2
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently, leaf rust and yellow rust caused by the fungi Puccinia triticina Erikss. and P. striiformis Westend f. sp. tritici Eriks and Henn are diseases of increasing threat in triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack, AABBRR, 2n = 6x = 42) growing areas. The use of genetic resistance is considered the most economical, eff...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s13353-020-00562-8
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The type-B authentic response regulators (ARR-Bs) function as positive regulators of cytokinin signal transduction and play important roles in abiotic stress resistance and plant development. However, little of ARR-B family is known in tomato. In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of ARR-B family factor...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s13353-020-00565-5
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to evaluate phenotypic variation of R0 androgenic plants obtained from four seed sources and donor plants by anther culture. Several morphological traits (leaf size, petiole length, leaf division, cortex colour) and the range of diversity were evaluated. There was large variation in all trait...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a species considered as having one of the most complicated mechanisms of sex determination. Peroxidase and esterase isoenzymes in leaves of the two sexual phenotypes of hemp were studied. Significant differences in isoperoxidase and isoesterase patterns were found between male and female p...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A linkage map of garden pea was constructed on the basis of 114 plants (F2 generation) derived from a cross combination Wt10245 x Wt11238. The map, consisting of 204 morphological, isozyme, AFLP, ISSR, STS, CAPS and RAPD markers, was used for interval mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling seed number, ...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The bovine growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene has been identified as a strong positional and functional candidate gene influencing milk production. A non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in exon 8 leads to a phenylalanine to tyrosine amino acid substitution (F279Y) in the receptor. The aim of the study ...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s13353-011-0051-3
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interspecific amphihaploid and amphidiploid hybrids between Nicotiana glauca Grah. (2n = 24) and N. tabacum L. (2n = 48) cultivars BY 103 and K 326 were analysed. F1 amphihaploids (2n = 36) were viable and completely self- and cross-sterile, and mostly univalents were present during meiosis (with pairing range from 0 ...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Precise pre-mRNA splicing, essential for appropriate protein translation, depends on the presence of consensus "cis" sequences that define exon-intron boundaries and regulatory sequences recognized by splicing machinery. Point mutations at these consensus sequences can cause improper exon and intron recognition and ma...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s13353-018-0444-7
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in genes involved in DNA-damage-induced responses are reported frequently to be a risk factor in various cancer types. Here we analysed polymorphisms in 5 genes involved in DNA repair (XPD Asp312Asn and Lys751Gln, XRCC1 Arg399Gln, APE1 Asp148Glu, NBS1 Glu185Gln, and XPA G-4A) and in a g...
journal_title：Journal of applied genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF03208865
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
