Abstract:
:The effects of a 14-day (gestation days 7-20) chronic methadone (6.3-9.0 mg/kg/day) infusion via osmotic minipumps were studied on the induction of physical dependence in both pregnant and nonpregnant female rats. Following continued methadone exposure, an acute injection of naloxone (2.0 mg/kg, SC) produced the following symptoms of withdrawal in both pregnant and nonpregnant methadone-exposed rats: increased frequency of head shakes, teeth-chattering and face-rubbing episodes, as well as the induction of burrowing, diarrhea, facial tremor, squeaking and vaginal sniffing. Increased fetal movement in the maternal abdomen was also observed in the pregnant rats. In the saline-exposed pregnant controls, naloxone failed to induce a significant effect. In addition, brain and plasma methadone levels during the various stages of pregnancy (gestation days 8-20) were determined. The methadone levels in plasma were initially variable (gestation days 8-12) but became more constant (approximately 50 ng/ml) from gestation day 14 to 20. Methadone brain levels also followed a similar pattern, except that the brain methadone content was at least 20-fold greater than plasma concentrations at any given time. Thus, relative to the high brain levels, the present data suggest that acute changes in methadone plasma concentration may not be a good index of pharmacological effect.
journal_name
Neurotoxicol Teratoljournal_title
Neurotoxicology and teratologyauthors
Darmani NA,Saady JJ,Schnoll SH,Martin BRdoi
10.1016/0892-0362(91)90046-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-11-01 00:00:00pages
627-30issue
6eissn
0892-0362issn
1872-9738journal_volume
13pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The association of general anesthesia with developmental neurotoxicity, while nearly impossible to study in pediatric populations, is clearly demonstrable in a variety of animal models from rodents to nonhuman primates. Nearly all general anesthetics tested have been shown to cause abnormal brain cell death in animals...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
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abstract::Deltamethrin (DTM) is a type II pyrethroid insecticide that elicits autonomic and neuroendocrine responses that indicate high levels of stress, presumably caused by the neurotoxic effect of the insecticide. This study investigated the effect of DTM exposure (10 mg/kg, p.o.) and an additional stress induced in the forc...
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journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
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abstract::We examined the relationship between acquired color vision loss and exposure to toluene and total hydrocarbons among 125 male workers. Seventy-two toluene-exposed printers were compared with 34 workers from the same photogravure plant with ambient background exposure, and with 19 workers from a bookbinding plant locat...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
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journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
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doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(01)00182-9
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journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
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journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
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doi:10.1016/0892-0362(94)90002-7
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journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0892-0362(95)02001-2
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0892-0362(96)00026-8
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journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
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journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
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journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
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abstract::In vitro studies with permanent cell lines derived from ENU-induced rat CNS and PNS tumors have shown that substances acting on second messenger systems as well as glucocorticoids have a cytostatic effect at high cell densities, but enhance proliferation at low densities. The nontoxic cytostatic effects are partially ...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0892-0362(89)90037-8
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the implementation of the Food Quality Protection Act in 1996, more detailed evaluations of possible health effects of pesticides on developing organisms have been required. As a result, considerable developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) data have been generated on a variety of endpoints, including developmental chan...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
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abstract::Early-life exposures to brominated diphenyl ethers (BDEs) lead to neurobehavioral abnormalities later in life. Although these agents are thyroid disruptors, it is not clear whether this mechanism alone accounts for the adverse effects. We evaluated the impact of 2,2',4,4',5-pentabromodiphenyl ether (BDE99) on PC12 cel...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2013.02.001
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Male Swiss mice, 25-30 g, were utilized to define some of the behavioral effects of the herbicides Lasso [alachlor 43%; (A)], Basalin [fluchloralin 45%; (F)], Premerge 3 [dinoseb 51%; (D)], and the fungicide Maneb-80 [maneb 80%; (M)]. These compounds were tested for their effects on locomotor activity and for their ab...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0892-0362(89)90084-6
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abstract::The effects of lindane on behavior and central monoaminergic systems were studied in rat pups at 15 days of postnatal age. Pups were previously given nonconvulsant lindane PO doses, either a single 20 mg/kg or 7-day repeated 10 mg/kg doses. Both treatment schedules improved the passive avoidance acquisition but only t...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(97)00079-2
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is now estimated at 0.97 cases per 1,000 live births in the general obstetric population and 4.3% among "heavy" drinkers. The general incidence is more than 20 times higher in the United States (1.95 per 1,000) compared to Europe and other countries (0.08 per 1,000). Within the ...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0892-0362(95)00005-c
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of the club drugs 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and 5-methoxy-n,n-diisopropyltryptamine (Foxy) is of growing concern, especially as many of the effects, particularly during development, are unknown. The effects of these drugs upon homeostasis may be important since both are known to stimulate the hy...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2009.08.012
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research suggests that use and abuse of marijuana can be especially harmful if it occurs during adolescence, a period of vast developmental changes throughout the brain. We examined the effects of 2mg/kg (9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) administered daily via intra-peritoneal injections during juvenile/early adolescence...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2010.05.001
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study examines possible persisting effects on the peripheral nervous system and visual system in tunnel workers previously exposed to acrylamide and N-methylolacrylamide during grouting work. We compared neurophysiological function in 44 tunnel workers previously exposed during grouting operations (2-10 years post...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2008.01.006
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00