Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Infancy may be a sensitive period regarding effects of sodium intake on future blood pressure (BP). This has only been demonstrated in one randomized trial of low sodium formulae with follow-up in adolescence in one-third of participants. OBJECTIVE:To prospectively assess associations between sodium intake in infancy and BP at 7 years in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). SUBJECTS:A total of 533 children with sodium data at 4 months and 710 children with sodium at 8 months. RESULTS:0.4% of participants at 4 months and 73.0% at 8 months exceeded recommended levels for infant sodium intake. After minimal adjustment (child age, sex, energy), sodium intake at 4 months was positively associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) at 7 years (beta=0.54 mm Hg/mmol; 95% CI: 0.09, 0.98 mm Hg; P=0.02). This changed little following adjustment for confounders but attenuated after adjusting for breastfeeding. This association was not mediated by sodium intake at 7 years. Due to high sodium-potassium correlations, effects of sodium independent of potassium could not be estimated with reasonable precision. Sodium intake neither at 8 months nor at 7 years was associated with SBP at 7 years. CONCLUSION:The association between sodium intake at 4 months and future SBP requires replication in studies that can control for effects of potassium before we can conclude that early infancy is a sensitive period with respect to effects of sodium on future BP. The majority of infants exceeded recommended levels of sodium intake at 8 months, and interventions to reduce sodium in infants' diets should be considered.
journal_name
Eur J Clin Nutrjournal_title
European journal of clinical nutritionauthors
Brion MJ,Ness AR,Davey Smith G,Emmett P,Rogers I,Whincup P,Lawlor DAdoi
10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602837subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-10-01 00:00:00pages
1162-9issue
10eissn
0954-3007issn
1476-5640pii
1602837journal_volume
62pub_type
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