Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Cytomegalovirus infection is initiated when tumor necrosis factor binds to the cytomegalovirus receptors of latently infected cells, resulting in the reactivation of the virus and the production of clinical disease of two types: direct infection causing pneumonia, mononucleosis, colitis and other viral-related syndromes, and indirect infection in which an array of cytokines are released by the host that produce much the same effect as does the rejection process. RECENT FINDINGS:These effects fall into three categories: allograft injury, an increase in superinfection with opportunistic pathogens and an increase in the incidence of B cell lymphoproliferative disease. Other factors that modulate the clinical impact of reactivated cytomegalovirus in the transplant patient include the past experience of the host with the virus (primary infection, donor seropositive and recipient seronegative), the degree of major histocompatibility complex mismatch, the viral burden and the amount of calcineurin inhibitor the patient receives. SUMMARY:Optimal therapy for diagnosing, treating and preventing these indirect effects still remains to be defined; the direct effects, in contrast, are well managed with valganciclovir.
journal_name
Curr Opin Infect Disjournal_title
Current opinion in infectious diseasesauthors
Rubin RHdoi
10.1097/QCO.0b013e328285a358subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-08-01 00:00:00pages
399-407issue
4eissn
0951-7375issn
1473-6527pii
00001432-200708000-00010journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To review risk-based pre-emptive treatment for adenovirus (ADV) based on quantitative PCR (qPCR) and to provide an update on clinical trials of brincidofovir (BCV) and ADV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (ADV-CTLs). RECENT FINDINGS:ADV qPCR in various body compartments enables distinction of clinica...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000379
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Invasive fungal infections have become the leading infectious cause of death in recipients of hematopoietic cell transplantation. Several factors have led to a renaissance in the study of invasive fungal infections. The growing incidence of both commonly encountered as well as emerging pathogens and t...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.qco.0000136935.13662.af
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Hepatitis E, a disease transmitted by hepatitis E virus, is increasingly recognized as being indigenous to affluent, temperate-zone countries. Issues pertaining to disease acquisition and hepatitis E virus infection, particularly in Western countries, are reviewed and highlighted. RECENT FINDINGS:Cli...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.qco.0000244052.61629.49
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review focuses on only the newest antifungal agents recently approved or still under development and the available data in pediatric and neonatal patients. The larger body of data in adult patients is used for comparative purposes only in an attempt to understand pediatric implications. RECENT F...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.qco.0000185986.64759.9a
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim is to describe and quantify the association between genitourinary tract infections and preterm birth. RECENT FINDINGS:Recent studies confirm the importance of identifying and treating both asymptomatic and symptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy, which is reflected in current antenatal screening...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e328360dc31
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Enteric fever continues to be an important infection among populations in endemic countries and among travelers to these areas. This review aims to describe recent epidemiological trends and developments in diagnosis, treatment and prevention. RECENT FINDINGS:Data indicate that the burden of enteric ...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e32833c7ca1
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Otitis media is a very common reason for the prescription of antibiotics in children. Antimicrobial therapy is mostly empirical, based on the knowledge of the frequency and susceptibility patterns of causative pathogens and of the penetration and other pharmacokinetic properties of several oral antibiotics. Pharmacoec...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001432-199812000-00003
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Breast surgery is considered a clean surgical procedure; nevertheless, infection rates are often higher than those reported after other similarly considered clean surgeries (e.g., thyroid, hernia). Acute bacterial skin and soft tissue infections, mostly surgical site infections and implant-associated ...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000531
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To explore how ethical considerations, improved diagnostics and data from clinical trials might see the lowering of some of the barriers blocking a cure for HIV infection over the next 5 years. RECENT FINDINGS:Despite the recent well publicized but eventually disappointing case reports, there remains...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000123
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The success of male circumcision in reducing HIV acquisition among African heterosexuals has led to renewed interest in this biological intervention for HIV/sexually transmissible infection (STI) prevention in men who have sex with men (MSM). This review summarizes the available data on the associatio...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e328334e54d
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a frequent cause of community-acquired respiratory infections in children and adults. Although the organism is felt to be the most frequent 'atypical' pathogen responsible for community-acquired pneumonia in adults, the prevalence of M. pneumoniae varies greatly from study to study, depending ...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001432-200104000-00012
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Colonization of the host epithelia by pathogenic Escherichia coli is influenced by the ability of the bacteria to interact with host surfaces. Because the initial step of an E. coli infection is to adhere, invade, and persist within host cells, some strategies used by intestinal and extraintestinal E....
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000092
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Bacterial meningitis is a medical emergency and is associated with a high disease burden. We reviewed recent progress in the management of patients with community-acquired bacterial meningitis. RECENT FINDINGS:The worldwide burden of disease of bacterial meningitis remains high, despite the decreasin...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000335
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This article reviews recent developments in West Nile encephalitis. Because of the large number of individuals infected in the United States, an expanded spectrum of the disease has been recognized. Flaccid paralysis presenting as poliomyelitis-like syndrome is being increasingly recognized. RECENT F...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001432-200410000-00005
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Migrants living in high-income countries are disproportionately affected by HIV infection and frequently have characteristics associated with poor HIV clinical outcomes. HIV epidemiology among migrants is influenced by changes in migration patterns and variations in transmission risk behaviors. Here w...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000415
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The early treatment of invasive fungal infection is critical but is hampered by the non-specific nature of clinical and radiological signs and the insensitivity of current laboratory diagnostic methods. If mortality due to invasive fungal infection is to be reduced, new, preemptive therapeutic strateg...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001432-200312000-00002
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Influenza continues to be a major health concern and there is always the threat of a pandemic due to the emergence of a viral strain new to the human population, as exemplified by the avian influenza A/H5N1 virus which was responsible for six deaths in Hong Kong last year. Data reported in the past year, based on in-v...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001432-199812000-00013
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Therapeutic approaches in the practice of haematology/oncology are increasing in complexity. Agents such as the purine analogues and monoclonal antibodies may introduce a new spectrum of infection as a consequence of prolonged/profound lymphoid suppression. The use of high dose therapy with stem cells support is incre...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001432-199908000-00009
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Rates of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), especially Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing Gram-negatives, have increased worldwide. Infections caused by these organisms have been associated with a high mortality, which might be due in part to the limited availability of an...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.qco.0000431853.71500.77
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of this review is to synopsize and highlight the recent subtle genetic changes in cholera causing toxigenic Vibrio cholerae with special reference to their virulence, integrating and conjugative elements and toxin-antitoxin systems. It is not intended to cover issues on the whole genome se...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000306
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Several studies show that the number of FcgammaRI (CD64) on the surface of neutrophils increases in infections. However, in spite of increased research interest in recent years, there is no clear general view on the usability of neutrophil FcgammaRI in clinical infection diagnostics. This review tries...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e32833939b0
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The present review describes the literature about the prevention of Staphylococcus aureus infections in surgery, published from August 2006 to January 2008, and puts it into perspective. RECENT FINDINGS:To prevent Staphylococcus aureus infections after surgical procedures, three methods were describe...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e328301391d
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Giardiasis is one of the most common causes of diarrheal disease worldwide, yet existing antimicrobial therapies are not always effective and drug resistance occurs in vivo and in vitro. The review focuses on recent advances in the development of new antigiardial drug candidates. RECENT FINDINGS:Modi...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e32834ad401
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Despite the availability of new antifungals and improved antifungal formulations, there is a continued need for the development of new drugs to treat invasive fungal infections. In high-risk populations, including heavily immunocompromised patients, those with multiple comorbidities, and patients in i...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000203
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although HIV-associated lipodystrophy can be diagnosed just from clinical examination, criteria for diagnosis and judgement of severity are not clearly defined. Clinical assessment can be systematized with questionnaires for patients and physicians. Computed tomography, nuclear magnetic imaging and dual-energy X-ray a...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001432-200202000-00003
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Bacterial zoonoses are increasingly described in association with travel. Some bacterial zoonoses constitute important causes of post-travel illness. We focus on leptospirosis and rickettsiosis - the most common travel-associated bacterial zoonoses. RECENT FINDINGS:Leptospirosis is regarded to be the...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e32834a1bd2
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Burkholderia mallei is a facultative intracellular pathogen that causes the highly contagious and often the fatal disease, glanders. With its high rate of infectivity via aerosol and recalcitrance toward antibiotics, this pathogen is considered a potential biological threat agent. This review focuses ...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000362
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Despite the current success of artemisinin combination therapy, the threat of drug-resistant falciparum malaria remains severe. Reversal of resistance to old drugs remains one strategy to deal with this problem. This review highlights recent significant findings. RECENT FINDINGS:This review provides ...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e3282f1673a
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of this review is to summarize the emerging literature on nontuberculous mycobacteria outbreaks in healthcare settings. As our ability to identify mycobacterial species develops, we are better able to recognize epidemiologic connections and better understand the prevalence and importance o...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000386
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The incidence of pulmonary infections has declined dramatically with improved access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and cotrimoxazole prophylaxis, but chronic lung disease (CLD) is an increasingly recognized but poorly understood complication in adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV. RECENT FIND...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000325
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00