Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:HIV postexposure prophylaxis is often recommended following potential sexual exposure to HIV. Recent data address the effectiveness of postexposure prophylaxis and prevention counseling, cost-effectiveness, antiretroviral options, challenges with nonoccupational postexposure prophylaxis among adolescents and children and following sexual assault in high HIV prevalence areas, and a successful program in Amsterdam. RECENT FINDINGS:Postexposure prophylaxis is not completely protective. Seroconversion may result from antiretroviral failure or from ongoing exposures. Postexposure prophylaxis associated risk reduction counseling results in reductions in subsequent risk behavior. Programs that target outreach and limit prescriptions to those with exposure sources who are at risk of being HIV infected are cost-effective. Less restrictive guidelines result in more prescriptions for low-risk exposures; this practice is not cost-effective. The ideal antiretrovirals for postexposure prophylaxis use have not been established. Tenofovir has several attractive properties. Developing systems to support the effective delivery of postexposure prophylaxis among children and adolescents and following sexual assault in high HIV prevalence, resource limited settings is challenging. SUMMARY:Numerous national and international guidelines recommend postexposure prophylaxis following potential sexual exposure to HIV. Maximizing adherence and minimizing subsequent HIV exposures will be critical to enhancing the effectiveness of this HIV prevention intervention.
journal_name
Curr Opin Infect Disjournal_title
Current opinion in infectious diseasesauthors
Roland MEdoi
10.1097/QCO.0b013e328012c5e0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-02-01 00:00:00pages
39-46issue
1eissn
0951-7375issn
1473-6527pii
00001432-200702000-00008journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:It is now well established that cytokines play a critical role in the regulation of the immune system. Processes such as lymphoid development, differentiation, homeostasis, tolerance and memory are all regulated by cytokines that bind the type I family of cytokine receptors. Like the interferons, whic...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001432-200306000-00005
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To review risk-based pre-emptive treatment for adenovirus (ADV) based on quantitative PCR (qPCR) and to provide an update on clinical trials of brincidofovir (BCV) and ADV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (ADV-CTLs). RECENT FINDINGS:ADV qPCR in various body compartments enables distinction of clinica...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000379
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:A review of recent developments in the understanding of the natural history of anal squamous carcinoma arising from areas of high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia. RECENT FINDINGS:Anal intraepithelial neoplasia is a consequence of chronic human papillomavirus infection in the anal canal and appea...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.qco.0000199019.50451.a8
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Influenza continues to be a major health concern and there is always the threat of a pandemic due to the emergence of a viral strain new to the human population, as exemplified by the avian influenza A/H5N1 virus which was responsible for six deaths in Hong Kong last year. Data reported in the past year, based on in-v...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001432-199812000-00013
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Therapeutic approaches in the practice of haematology/oncology are increasing in complexity. Agents such as the purine analogues and monoclonal antibodies may introduce a new spectrum of infection as a consequence of prolonged/profound lymphoid suppression. The use of high dose therapy with stem cells support is incre...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001432-199908000-00009
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sequence of the Treponema pallidum genome was completed in July 1998, yielding a wealth of new information regarding the enigmatic spirochete that causes syphilis and related treponematoses. By providing the sequences and predicted functions of over 1000 genes, the genome sequence will greatly facilitate research ...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001432-200002000-00006
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The issue of whether the outcome of bacteremic pneumococcal infections is improved with the use of combination antibiotic therapy versus monotherapy is still not resolved. This review highlights recent studies that have addressed this issue. RECENT FINDINGS:Some studies have indicated benefit of comb...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e3283232a30
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Bronchiectasis is an under-appreciated cause of chronic lung disease in the USA. We highlight developments in diagnosis and treatment of this debilitating disease. RECENT FINDINGS:A possible link between gastroesophageal reflux and development of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease was highligh...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e3282f4f237
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of the article is to present recent epidemiological, microbiological, and clinical data for the surgical, antimicrobial, and adjunctive management of necrotizing soft-tissue infections (NSTI). RECENT FINDINGS:NSTI can be caused by a broad variety of organisms. Reports about NSTI caused by mul...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000700
更新日期:2020-12-04 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of this review is to summarize important papers concerning measles disease and measles-containing vaccines published in 2004. RECENT FINDINGS:Endemic measles has been successfully controlled in the Americas and, to a lesser extent, in Europe. This has been achieved with a high uptake of t...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.qco.0000168383.93647.47
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The best way to control chlamydial diseases is with an effective vaccine. Although previous studies suggest that a vaccine is an achievable goal, progress has been limited even though many vaccination strategies have been tested. A clearer understanding of the immunobiological basis of chlamydial protection and pathol...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001432-199902000-00009
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To summarize recent findings in the management of active tuberculosis (TB) in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. RECENT FINDINGS:Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes substantial morbidity and mortality in SOT recipients. According to the literature, transplantation might not be an absolute contrai...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000102
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is an important clinical complication in HIV-infected patients initiating antiretroviral therapy. This review focuses on the latest literature pertaining to the pathogenesis of IRIS. RECENT FINDINGS:The clinical manifestations of IRIS are heterog...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e328352b664
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim is to describe and quantify the association between genitourinary tract infections and preterm birth. RECENT FINDINGS:Recent studies confirm the importance of identifying and treating both asymptomatic and symptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy, which is reflected in current antenatal screening...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e328360dc31
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Development of vaccines against viral haemorrhagic fevers is a public health priority. Recent advances in our knowledge of pathogenesis and of the immune responses elicited by these viruses emphasize the crucial role of the immune system in the control of infection, but also its probable involvement in pathogenesis. S...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001432-200110000-00003
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:As the evidence for two-drug regimens (2DR) for HIV treatment accumulates and 2DR start to enter consensus guidelines, this review covers the history, rationale and current evidence for 2DR in first-line and switch settings. RECENT FINDINGS:Until recently, most evidence for 2DR was for boosted protea...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000615
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herpes simplex virus persists in a latent form for the life of its host, periodically reactivating and often resulting in significant psychosocial distress for the patient. Currently no cure is available. Antiviral therapy is the main treatment modality, used either orally, intravenously, or topically to prohibit furt...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001432-200204000-00003
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Evidence of the protective effect of voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) against HIV is well established. However, evidence of the protective effect of VMMC against other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) has been inconsistent or scarce across different populations and settings. This revie...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000696
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Breast surgery is considered a clean surgical procedure; nevertheless, infection rates are often higher than those reported after other similarly considered clean surgeries (e.g., thyroid, hernia). Acute bacterial skin and soft tissue infections, mostly surgical site infections and implant-associated ...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000531
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a frequent cause of community-acquired respiratory infections in children and adults. Although the organism is felt to be the most frequent 'atypical' pathogen responsible for community-acquired pneumonia in adults, the prevalence of M. pneumoniae varies greatly from study to study, depending ...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001432-200104000-00012
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Efforts to reduce hospitalization or the length of stay are common topics in papers published last year. Chlamydia pneumoniae is now recognized worldwide as a common pathogen in community-acquired pneumonia. A great variation in the frequency of various pathogens is found in different countries, stressing the importan...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001432-199804000-00010
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although HIV-associated lipodystrophy can be diagnosed just from clinical examination, criteria for diagnosis and judgement of severity are not clearly defined. Clinical assessment can be systematized with questionnaires for patients and physicians. Computed tomography, nuclear magnetic imaging and dual-energy X-ray a...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001432-200202000-00003
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Toxoplasmosis in haematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Prophylaxis following HCT is recommended for high-risk pre-HCT toxoplasma-seropositive (pre-HCTSP) recipients. However, there is no agreement or consistency among programmes on wheth...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000169
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Clostridium difficile infection and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) are growing worldwide health threats. Recent studies have identified new host risk factors, diagnostic approaches and therapies of CDAD. The present review focuses on scientific papers published in the past 18 months ...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e32830f9397
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cystic fibrosis is the most common lethal inherited disorder with autosomal recessive inheritance. Major progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms leading to increased susceptibility to Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization. Persistent respiratory infection with P. aeruginosa leads to progressive ...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001432-200204000-00013
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Mucormycosis is an increasingly common fungal infection with an unacceptably high mortality despite first-line antifungal therapy. Iron acquisition is a critical step in the causative organisms' pathogenetic mechanism. Therefore, abrogation of fungal iron acquisition is a promising therapeutic strateg...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e3283165fd1
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the public health impact of food-related illness in light of recent high-profile outbreaks and advances in the methodology to estimate illness burden. It includes mainly literature from high-income countries, as burden of illness estimations have b...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e328356aeba
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:An increasing number of laboratories have implemented multiplex molecular panels for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal infections. This review focuses on recent data addressing the performance of US Food and Drug Administration-cleared multiplex gastrointestinal panels and discusses the advantages and...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000276
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:With increasing recognition of the importance of sexual networks in the dissemination of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), research is expanding. This review focuses on methodology for conducting sexual network research with in-depth presentations of recent and novel studies conducted on four co...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e3283422647
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Head lice is an old problem that won't go away. Infestation with the head louse Pediculus capitis is still common in school-aged children. The majority of information about this condition is based on anecdotal evidence. There is a definite need for the standardization of detection methods for diagnosis and epidemiolog...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001432-200004000-00007
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00