Iron acquisition: a novel perspective on mucormycosis pathogenesis and treatment.

Abstract:

PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Mucormycosis is an increasingly common fungal infection with an unacceptably high mortality despite first-line antifungal therapy. Iron acquisition is a critical step in the causative organisms' pathogenetic mechanism. Therefore, abrogation of fungal iron acquisition is a promising therapeutic strategy to impact clinical outcomes for this deadly disease. RECENT FINDINGS:The increased risk of mucormycosis in patients with renal failure receiving deferoxamine iron chelation therapy is explained by the fact that deferoxamine actually acts as a siderophore for the agents of mucormycosis, supplying previously unavailable iron to the fungi. The iron liberated from deferoxamine is likely transported into the fungus by the high-affinity iron permease. In contrast, two other iron chelators, deferiprone and deferasirox, do not supply iron to the fungus and were shown to be cidal against Zygomycetes in vitro. Further, both iron chelators were shown to effectively treat mucormycosis in animal models, and one has been successfully used as salvage therapy for a patient with rhinocerebral mucormycosis. SUMMARY:Further investigation and development of iron chelators as adjunctive therapy for mucormycosis is warranted.

journal_name

Curr Opin Infect Dis

authors

Ibrahim AS,Spellberg B,Edwards J Jr

doi

10.1097/QCO.0b013e3283165fd1

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2008-12-01 00:00:00

pages

620-5

issue

6

eissn

0951-7375

issn

1473-6527

pii

00001432-200812000-00008

journal_volume

21

pub_type

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