Abstract:
:Although community-onset bloodstream infection (BSI) is recognized to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality, there is a paucity of population-based studies defining its overall burden. We conducted population-based laboratory surveillance for all community-onset BSI in the Calgary Health Region during 2000-2004. A total of 4467 episodes of community-onset BSI were identified for an overall annual incidence of 81.6/100,000. The three species, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae were responsible for the majority of community-onset BSI; they occurred at annual rates of 25.8, 13.5, and 10.1/100,000, respectively. Overall 3445/4467 (77%) episodes resulted in hospital admission representing 0.7% of all admissions to major acute care hospitals. The subsequent hospital length of stay was a median of 9 (interquartile range, 5-15) days; the total days of acute hospitalization attributable to community-onset BSI was 51,146 days or 934 days/100,000 annually. Four hundred and sixty patients died in hospital for a case-fatality rate of 13%. Community-onset BSI is common and has a major patient and societal impact. These data support further efforts to reduce the burden of community-onset BSI.
journal_name
Epidemiol Infectjournal_title
Epidemiology and infectionauthors
Laupland KB,Gregson DB,Flemons WW,Hawkins D,Ross T,Church DLdoi
10.1017/S0950268806007631subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-08-01 00:00:00pages
1037-42issue
6eissn
0950-2688issn
1469-4409pii
S0950268806007631journal_volume
135pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Public Health England conducts enhanced national surveillance of tetanus, a potentially life-threatening vaccine-preventable disease. A standardized questionnaire was used to ascertain clinical and demographic details of individuals reported with clinically suspected tetanus. The 96 cases identified between 2001 and 2...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026881600128X
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the European Union, Meat Inspection (MI) aims to protect public health by ensuring that minimal hazardous material enters in the food chain. It also contributes to the detection and monitoring of animal diseases and welfare problems but its utility for animal surveillance has been assessed partially for some diseas...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268814003379
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The overuse of antibiotics and the rapid emergence of antibiotic resistance prompted the launch of an antimicrobial stewardship programme in 2011. This study aimed to investigate the trends and correlations between antibiotic consumption and resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in a tertiary hospital of northwest China...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268818003059
更新日期:2018-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in Helicobacter pylori seroprevalence were studied determining IgG and IgA antibodies of 408 randomly selected adults aged 15-74 years living in Vammala, Finland in 1973 and of 504 similarly selected subjects in 1994. Seroprevalence increased by age at both time points. The age-adjusted seroprevalence rate was...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268897007565
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leptospira interrogans, hantaviruses (particularly Seoul virus), hepatitis E virus (HEV), and Toxoplasma gondii are rat-associated zoonoses that are responsible for human morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study aimed to describe the infection patterns of these four pathogens in wild rats (Rattus norvegicus) acro...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268814001137
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we collected and analysed data of the severe burn patients at our institution over an 11-year period in order to shed light on the controversial role of bloodstream infection (BSI) as a predictive factor for mortality in this burn population. The factors examined were age, total body surface area, smoke ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268813002501
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is one of the most commonly identified infectious aetiologies of encephalitis in North America and Europe. The epidemiology of encephalitis beyond these regions, however, is poorly defined. During 2009-2012 we enrolled 313 patients in a multicentre prospective study of encephalitis in Peru, ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1017/S0950268815003222
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent epidemiological data suggest a link between the consumption of bovine offal products and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infection in Japan. This study thus examined the prevalence of STEC in various types of these foods. PCR screened 229 bovine offal products for the presence of Shiga toxin (stx)...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268811001105
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the extent to which proximity to cattle and weather events in Alberta predispose human populations to E. coli O157 disease. Cases of human E. coli O157 infection in Alberta between 2004 and 2011 were obtained from the province's Communicable Disease Reporting System and Discharge Abstract Datab...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268813002781
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study measured the prevalence and the risk factors associated with HCV antibody-positive prisoners. A total of 630 prisoners completed a questionnaire about risk behaviours associated with HCV transmission and were tested for HCV antibody from a blood test. Of these 362 (57.5%) prisoners were HCV antibody positiv...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268803001882
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the burden of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) in a high-risk population, the monthly incidence of laboratory-confirmed MRSA in service members/trainees stationed at Fort Benning, Georgia, USA without hospitalization or surgery documented 30 days prior to infection w...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268810000142
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Measles elimination goals have been adopted in a range of countries, sub-regions, and regions since the WHO declared an elimination goal by 2015 or 2020. All countries attempt to achieve and maintain high coverage through routine immunization programmes. This routine strategy, however, does not ensure the elimination ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816002016
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conditions and evidence continue to evolve related to the prediction of the prevalence of immunodeficiency-associated long-term vaccine-derived poliovirus (iVDPV) excreters, which affect assumptions related to forecasting risks and evaluating potential risk management options. Multiple recent reviews provided informat...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026881900181X
更新日期:2019-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::During an outbreak of hepatitis A that occurred in Gloucester, UK between September 1989 and January 1991, 162 clinical cases were identified through notifications and laboratory reports, a monthly attack rate of 1.05 per 10,000 residents. The highest attack rate was seen in 5-14-year-olds. There were significant corr...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the first laboratory-confirmed human case of cowpox virus infection in Russia since 1991. Phylogenetic studies of haemagglutinin, TNF-α receptor-like protein and thymidine kinase regions showed significant differences with known orthopoxviruses, including unique amino-acid substitutions and deletions. ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816002922
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A national, population-based laboratory surveillance of bloodstream infections (BSI) in Finland was performed. Blood-culturing rates were determined from data from clinical microbiology laboratories and trends in rates were evaluated using Poisson regression. During 1995-2002, 51,510 cases of BSI were notified; the an...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268807008138
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was compared with seroagglutination for subtyping of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) bacteria. Seventy-five significant MAC isolates from patients with AIDS were typed by both methods and 36 isolates, judged to be clinically non-significant, were examined by TLC only. Overall, 75% of ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800051244
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A review of the epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease in Scotland was carried out using data from laboratory-based systems during the period 1988-99. This comprised 5456 (90.8%) isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from blood, 467 (7.8%) from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and 84 (1.4%) from other sterile sites. Th...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The significance of non-culturable forms of Campylobacter spp., especially with regard to the epidemiology of this organism in poultry flocks, was explored. Two different experiments were conducted to produce non-culturable Campylobacter spp. and test their ability to colonize the animal gut. In the first experiment a...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800059124
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To obtain insight into mumps immunity 9 years after introduction of vaccination in The Netherlands, antibodies were measured in a national sample (n = 8298) and in clustered religious groups with low vaccine acceptance (n = 254). All sera were tested by indirect ELISA, and agreement with neutralization assay was asses...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268803008641
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mumps outbreaks in recent years have given rise to questions about the effectiveness of the mumps vaccine. This study examined the epidemiological data from a recent mumps outbreak in Israel and from outbreaks in other countries with high vaccination coverage, and considered whether long-established vaccination polici...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026881100063X
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::From 1 January 1992 to 31 December 2000, 27 milkborne general outbreaks of infectious intestinal disease (IID) were reported to the Public Health Laboratory Service (PHLS) Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre (CDSC). These outbreaks represented a fraction (2%) of all outbreaks of foodborne origin (N = 1774) report...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Streptococcus pyogenes (or Group A Streptococcus, GAS) is a Gram-positive human pathogen responsible for a diverse array of superficial, invasive and immune-related diseases. GAS infections have historically been diseases of poverty and overcrowding, and remain a significant problem in the developing world and in disa...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268818002285
更新日期:2018-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Historically, Shigella sonnei has dominated other Shigella species infection in men who have sex with men (MSM) in Montréal. In early 2010, Toronto reported increased proportions of the more pathogenic S. flexneri, HIV co-infection and MSM in shigellosis cases since 2009. Analytical methods were used to assess whether...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268812000738
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::From 2007 to 2010, the largest reported Q-fever epidemic occurred in the Netherlands with 4026 notified laboratory-confirmed cases. During the course of the epidemic, health-seeking behaviour changed and awareness among health professionals increased. Changes in laboratory workflows were implemented. The aim of this s...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268819000736
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::F4+ Escherichia coli is an important agent of post-weaning diarrhoea in piglets. Piglets that express an adhesion site for F4+ E. coli in their small intestine (F4R+) shed higher numbers of F4+ E. coli than piglets lacking this site (F4R-). We hypothesized that F4R+ piglets are more infectious and more susceptible for...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268804002675
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carrion is a major source of botulinal toxin for animals. A type D strain of Clostridium botulinum differed from type A and B strains in producing (1) much higher concentrations of toxin in putrefying mouse carcasses at several different temperatures over a period of 35 days, (2) toxicity that sometimes persisted in m...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800051761
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Puumala hantavirus (PUUV) causes haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in humans, an endemic disease in Finland. We aimed to study recent trends in PUUV infections in Finland, to evaluate whether there are regional differences in seasonality and long-term cycles and whether the patterns have changed over time. We ana...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816000765
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Escherichia coli O157 are zoonotic bacteria for which cattle are an important reservoir. Prevalence estimates for E. coli O157 in British cattle for human consumption are over 10 years old. A new baseline is needed to inform current human health risk. The British E. coli O157 in Cattle Study (BECS) ran between Septemb...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268817002151
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to identify risk factors and assess the impact of coincidental antibiotic therapy on carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Index children from birth to 3 years and their households were recruited from primary health-care registers in four UK general practices. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken monthly f...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268808001143
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00