Abstract:
:Centromere-like loci from bacteria segregate plasmids to progeny cells before cell division. The ParA ATPase (a MinD homologue) of the par2 locus from plasmid pB171 forms oscillating helical structures over the nucleoid. Here we show that par2 distributes plasmid foci regularly along the length of the cell even in cells with many plasmids. In vitro, ParA binds ATP and ADP and has a cooperative ATPase activity. Moreover, ParA forms ATP-dependent filaments and cables, suggesting that ParA can provide the mechanical force for the observed regular distribution of plasmids. ParA and ParB interact with each other in a bacterial two-hybrid assay but do not interact with FtsZ, eight other essential cell division proteins or MreB actin. Based on these observations, we propose a simple model for how oscillating ParA filaments can mediate regular cellular distribution of plasmids. The model functions without the involvement of partition-specific host cell receptors and is thus consistent with the striking observation that partition loci can function in heterologous host organisms.
journal_name
Mol Microbioljournal_title
Molecular microbiologyauthors
Ebersbach G,Ringgaard S,Møller-Jensen J,Wang Q,Sherratt DJ,Gerdes Kdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05322.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-09-01 00:00:00pages
1428-42issue
6eissn
0950-382Xissn
1365-2958pii
MMI5322journal_volume
61pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The newly sequenced genome of Streptomyces coelicolor is estimated to encode 7825 theoretical proteins. We have mapped approximately 10% of the theoretical proteome experimentally using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Pro...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03219.x
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent and toxic environmental pollutants that accumulate in anoxic habitats. With the exception of naphthalene, nothing is known about the microbial degradation of PAH in these environments. The challenge that must be met in anaerobic PAH degradation is the destabilizat...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.12874
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous work demonstrated that selection for Escherichia coli mutants with low antibiotic resistance frequently resulted in co-selection of lon mutations and that lon(-) mutants evolved higher-level resistance faster than a lon(+) strain. Here we show that lon mutation causes a very low multidrug resistance by induci...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.12429
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many fungi undergo a morphological transition to filamentous growth in response to limiting nutrient conditions. Constitutively elongated Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants (elm) have been isolated; the ELM1 gene encodes a putative serine/threonine protein kinase. A novel allele, elm1-15, has been isolated in an S288C-d...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.6231990.x
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fourteen Rhodobacter capsulatus mutants unable to grow with xanthine as sole nitrogen source were isolated by random Tn5 mutagenesis. Five of these Tn5 insertions were mapped within two adjacent chromosomal EcoRI fragments hybridizing to oligonucleotides synthesized according to conserved amino acid sequences of eukar...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.00733.x
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The importance of methylthioadenosine/S-adenosylhomocysteine (MTA/SAH) nucleosidase in bacteria has started to be appreciated only in the past decade. A comprehensive analysis of its various roles here demonstrates that it is an integral component of the activated methyl cycle, which recycles adenine and methionine th...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07455.x
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Only one species of Shigella, Shigella dysenteriae 1, has been demonstrated to produce Shiga toxin (Stx). Stx is closely related to the toxins produced by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). In STEC, these toxins are often encoded on lambdoid bacteriophages and are major virulence factors for these organism...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01669.x
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The stable RNA promoters of Escherichia coli are exquisitely sensitive to variations in the superhelical density of DNA. Previously, we have shown that binding of the DNA architectural protein FIS at the upstream activating sequences (UASs) of stable RNA promoters prevents the transcription complexes from inactivation...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04126.x
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Crs5 is a Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metallothionein (MT), non-homologous to the paradigmatic Cu-thionein Cup1. Although considered a secondary copper-resistance agent, we show here that it determines survival under zinc overload in a CUP1-null background. Its overexpression prevents the deleterious effects exhibited by...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05510.x
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A series of plasmids carrying an IRL-kan-IRR transposable cassette, in which IRL and IRR are the left- and right-terminal sequences of IS91, have been constructed. These cassettes could be complemented for transposition with similar efficiency when IS91 transposase was provided either in cis or in trans. A total of 87...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01432.x
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human stomach pathogen Helicobacter pyloriattaches to healthy and inflamed gastric tissue through members of a paralogous family of 'Helicobacter outer membrane proteins' (Hops), including adhesins BabA, SabA, HopQ, LabA and HopZ. Hops share a conserved 25 kDa C-terminal region that is thought to form an autotrans...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.14075
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In '5'-translational blockage', significantly reduced yields of proteins are synthesized in Escherichia coli when consecutive low-usage codons are inserted near translation starts of messages (with reduced or no effect when these same codons are inserted downstream). We tested the hypothesis that ribosomes encounterin...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.5081871.x
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the chemotaxis of Escherichia coli, adaptation requires the methylation and demethylation of transmembrane receptors, which are catalysed by the methyltransferase CheR and the methylesterase CheB respectively. CheR binds to major chemoreceptors through their C-terminal motif NWETF, which is distinct from the methyl...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01834.x
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Silent information regulator 2 (Sir2)-related proteins or sirtuins function as NAD(+)-dependent deacetylases or ADP ribosylases that target a range of substrates, thereby influencing chromatin structure and a diverse range of other biological functions. Genes encoding three Sir2-related proteins (SIR2rp1-3) have been ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05553.x
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cell envelope of mycobacteria is a complex multilaminar structure that protects the cell from stresses encountered in the environment, and plays an important role against the bactericidal activity of immune system cells. The outermost layer of the mycobacterial envelope typically contains species-specific glycolip...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04847.x
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive sphingolipid metabolite, plays a critical role in the orchestration of immune responses. S1P levels within the mammalian host are tightly regulated, in part through the activity of S1P lyase (S1PL) which catalyses its irreversible degradation. Herein, we describe the identifi...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.13531
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simplified system using bacterial insertion sequence IS911 has been developed to investigate targeted insertion next to DNA sequences resembling IS ends. We show here that these IR-targeted events occur by an unusual mechanism. In the circular IS911 transposition intermediate the two IRs are abutted to form an IR/IR...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03850.x
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 4.0 kb EcoRI fragment of Bacillus subtilis conferring thiostrepton resistance was cloned and characterized. By nucleotide sequencing of the relevant region, six open reading frames were established, which corresponded to a part of spo0H, a ribosomal protein gene (rpmG), an unidentified open reading frame (orfE), a t...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb00910.x
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protein ubiquitylation plays a major role in the regulation of cellular processes mainly through proteasome-dependent degradation, although it has become increasingly clear that it is also involved in other processes. In the fungus Mucor circinelloides, blue light regulates carotene biosynthesis, with this response co...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06470.x
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Expression of specific short peptides can render cells resistant to macrolide antibiotics. Peptides conferring resistance to structurally different macrolides including oleandomycin, azithromycin, azaerythromycin, josamycin and a ketolide cethromycin were selected from a random pentapeptide expression library. Analysi...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04290.x
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The chromosomal DpnII gene cassette of Streptococcus pneumoniae encodes two methyltransferases and an endonuclease. One methyltransferase acts on double-stranded and the other on single-stranded DNA. Two mRNAs are transcribed from the cassette. One, a SigA promoter transcript, includes all three genes; the other inclu...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01777.x
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gram-negative bacteria have evolved numerous pathways to secrete proteins across their complex cell envelopes. Here, we describe a protein secretion system that uses a holin membrane protein in tandem with a cell wall-editing enzyme to mediate the secretion of substrate proteins from the periplasm to the cell exterior...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.14599
更新日期:2020-09-04 00:00:00
abstract::Yersinia enterocolitica produces heat-stable enterotoxin (Y-ST) as one of its virulence factors. The yst gene, however, frequently and spontaneously becomes inactive (silent) during storage, which is accompanied by concurrent changes in some biological properties such as colony morphology, growth rate, carbon fermenta...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.18050859.x
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Natural sequence variation was investigated among serogroup A subgroup IV-1 Neisseria meningitidis isolated from diseased patients and healthy carriers in The Gambia, West Africa. The frequencies of DNA import were analysed by sequencing fragments of four linked genes encoding the immunogenic outer membrane proteins T...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01932.x
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite their high genomic synteny, the Leishmania major and Leishmania infantum species exhibit extensive differences in mRNA expression patterns throughout the parasite's development. Yet, the underlying mechanisms for this species-specific differential gene expression are largely unknown. Here we report that Short ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07226.x
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regions close to the replication terminus of the Escherichia coli chromosome are strongly refractory to genomic inversions. Since these regions also harbour polar replication terminator-like sequences or pause sites, we have investigated the possibility that slowing of replication as a result of pausing at inverted pa...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1990.tb00621.x
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The RusA protein of Escherichia coli is a DNA structure-specific endonuclease that resolves Holliday junction intermediates formed during DNA replication, recombination and repair by introducing symmetrically paired incisions 5' to CC dinucleotides. It is encoded by the defective prophage DLP12, which raises the possi...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02916.x
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In general, wild Escherichia coli strains can grow effectively under moderately acidic organic acid-rich conditions. We found that the Shiga Toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) O157:H7 NGY9 grows more quickly than a K-12 strain in Luria-Bertani (LB)-2-morpholinoethanesulphonic acid (MES) broth supplemented with acetic acid...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02768.x
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis on smooth polymer surfaces has been shown to be mediated by the ica operon. Upon activation of this operon, a polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA) is synthesized that supports bacterial cell-to-cell contacts and triggers the production of thick, multilayered biofil...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01353.x
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA double-strand break repair can be accomplished by homologous recombination when a sister chromatid or a homologous chromosome is available. However, the study of sister chromatid double-strand break repair in prokaryotes is complicated by the difficulty in targeting a break to only one copy of two essentially iden...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02553.x
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00