Abstract：
:Knowledge about human fetal growth and organ development has greatly developed in the last 50 years. Anatomists and physiologists had already described some crucial aspects, for example, the circulation of blood during intrauterine life through the fetal heart, the liver as well as the placenta. However, only in the last century physiologic studies were performed in animal models. In the human fetus, the introduction of ultrasound and Doppler velocimetry has provided data about the growth and development of the fetus and of the circulation through the different fetal districts. Moreover, in the last 2 decades we have learned about fetal oxygenation and fetal nutrient supply caused by the availability of fetal blood samples obtained under relatively steady state conditions. These studies, together with studies using stable isotope methodologies, have clarified some aspects of the supply of the major nutrients for the fetus such as glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids. At the same time, the relevance of placental function has been recognized as a major determinant of fetal diseases leading to intrauterine growth restriction. More recently, the availability of new tools such as 3-dimensional ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, have made possible the evaluation of the growth and development of fetal organs. This knowledge in the healthy fetus will improve the ability of clinicians to recognize abnormal phenotypes of the different fetal organs, thus allowing to stage fetal diseases.
journal_name
Am J Obstet Gynecoljournal_title
American journal of obstetrics and gynecologyauthors
Pardi G,Cetin Idoi
10.1016/j.ajog.2005.12.056subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-04-01 00:00:00pages
1088-99issue
4eissn
0002-9378issn
1097-6868pii
S0002-9378(06)00003-2journal_volume
194pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Serum corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) concentrations in blood respond to endogenous or exogenous estrogens in a dose-response manner and serve as a biologic assay for estrogens. Because endometrial carcinoma is associated with unopposed or excessive estrogen stimulation, the CBG binding capacity of sera of patie...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(81)90480-4
更新日期：1981-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Salpingectomy is recommended as a risk-reducing strategy for epithelial tubo-ovarian cancer. The gold standard procedure is complete tubal excision. OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of residual fimbrial/tubal tissue on ovarian surfaces after salpingectomy. STUDY DESIGN:Prospec...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2017.06.004
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary prevention of sexually transmitted diseases has received little emphasis in control programs. To evaluate the effectiveness of prevention strategies, we reviewed the world's literature on this topic. Use of condoms and spermicides greatly reduces the risk of gonorrhea, and barrier methods are practical and acc...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(86)90108-0
更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fifty-five patients with Stage IB adenocarcinoma of the cervix were treated by radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy from 1965 through 1985. Bleeding was the presenting symptom in 56% of the patients. Twenty patients underwent cone biopsy for diagnostic purposes and 70% had residual carcinoma at the time of ...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(89)90877-6
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The responsiveness of the pituitary to luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LRH) during pregnancy and the puerperium was studied in 15 women 18-32 years of age (3 puerperal, 6 pregnant, and 6 eumenorrheic). 25 mcg LRH dissolved in 1 ml sterile water was administered iv to all the subjects. Blood samples were obtai...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(74)90145-8
更新日期：1974-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:We have studied the effects of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) administration in chronically instrumented normotensive and hypertensive pregnant sheep. Animals of 90 to 144 days' gestation were divided in two groups; those with normotensive arterial pressure and those in which renovascular hypertension had been produced. Ou...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(77)90255-1
更新日期：1977-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A total of 1,996 fetal heart rate (FHR) tracings were analyzed to assess the prognostic significance of variable decelerations. Nineteen percent (186 cases) of 988 tracings with variable decelerations in the last 30 minutes of monitored labor exhibited signs of atypia listed in order of frequency: (1) loss of initial ...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Our purpose was to determine the maternal blood glucose response to food throughout pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN:Forty-five normal, healthy primiparous women with singleton pregnancies were studied longitudinally throughout pregnancy. Blood glucose levels were determined at each stage of pregnancy after a standar...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(94)90460-x
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to retrospectively determine the safety and efficacy of epidural anesthesia when administered by obstetricians in a community hospital. STUDY DESIGN:Data containing 14,598 epidural procedures from 31,818 births were obtained from delivery room logs over a period of 20 years, fro...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(93)90075-t
更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since previous data suggested hyperresponsiveness to human menopausal gonadotropin by women with low body weight, the daily dose was reduced to 1.5 ampules in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization weighing less than 55 kg. This allowed the extension of treatment to a minimum of 6 days. These changes were associat...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(88)90778-8
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We examined the effect of interferon gamma on proliferation and epidermal growth factor receptor expression in ovarian cancer cell lines and normal ovarian epithelial cells. STUDY DESIGN:The tritiated thymidine incorporation assay was used to assess the effect of interferon gamma on proliferation. Scatchard ...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(92)91790-h
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intrauterine 17 beta-estradiol pellets can induce an up-regulation of guinea pig myometrial beta-adrenergic receptor density and l-isoproterenol-dependent adenylate cyclase activity. Does 17 beta-estradiol influence the ability of beta-adrenergic receptors to form a "high affinity" state with l-isoproterenol, which is...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(89)90939-3
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endocervical Chlamydia trachomatis infection was found in 13 of 162 volunteer female university students (8%). Infection was correlated with younger age (p less than 0.05), less than or equal to 4 years of intercourse (p less than 0.05), a history of gonorrhea (p less than 0.01), and exposure to a partner with urethri...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0002-9378(85)80105-8
更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The objective of the study was to assess whether implementation of a statewide initiative was associated with changes in perinatal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing practices. STUDY DESIGN:This was an observational cohort study of all 1,141,799 women who delivered in Illinois birthing hospitals over...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2012.08.006
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this review is to assimilate relevant experimental and clinical information available on selective estrogen receptor modulators with respect to their potential use as agents to improve women's health in the postmenopausal years. In addition, the mechanisms of action of these drugs are outlined. Selectiv...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0002-9378(99)70285-1
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study was undertaken to compare the birth outcomes of a multifetal pregnancy reduction population with those of other patients delivered at Hutzel Hospital, Detroit, and to determine the fiscal impact of the multifetal pregnancy reduction program. STUDY DESIGN:In a retrospective review patients who were...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1067/mob.2000.106856
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Progesterone is essential for the maintenance of pregnancy. Several small trials have suggested that progesterone supplementation may reduce the risk of miscarriage in women with recurrent or threatened miscarriage. Cochrane Reviews summarized the evidence and found that the trials were small with substantial methodol...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2019.12.006
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The chronic and relatively acute changes in blood volume that occur during pregnancy and post partum may be associated with alterations in the content of atrial natriuretic factor in the atria. We measured the concentration of atrial natriuretic factor in the right and left atria of virgin, pregnant, and postpartum Sp...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(89)90937-x
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Our purpose was to determine the rates of recurrence, persistence, and progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in women who were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus after excisional therapy with and without highly active antiretroviral therapy. STUDY DESIGN:The records of 118 women with c...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1067/mob.2001.111103
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The addition of ovine prolactin (oPRL) to the fetal side of human term amnion in vitro is associated with a decrease in membrane permeability to tritiated water (THO). As the concentration of oPRL is increased from 2.5 to 20.0 micrograms per milliliter, permeability is progressively impaired. The addition of a specifi...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to describe trends and outcomes of planned births. STUDY DESIGN:Data from linked birth and hospital records for 779,521 singleton births at ≥33 weeks' gestation from 2001-2009 were used to determine trends in planned births (prelabor cesarean section and labor inductions). Adver...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2012.06.082
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Our purpose was to compare the effectiveness, women's views of the termination procedure, and success of umbilical cord culture for vaginal and oral misoprostol versus intra-amniotic prostaglandin PGF(2alpha) for second-trimester pregnancy termination (STPT). STUDY DESIGN:We randomized 217 women, 15 to 24 we...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2003.09.037
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study was undertaken to assess whether short-term markers, often used to measure clinical cure after treatment for pelvic inflammatory disease, predict sequelae of lack of pregnancy, recurrent pelvic inflammatory disease, and chronic pelvic pain. STUDY DESIGN:Women with mild-to-moderate pelvic inflammat...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2007.05.021
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Glycodelin is an endometrial protein proposed to play an important role in embryonic implantation. We examined the effects of progestins and relaxin on glycodelin transcription, synthesis, and secretion. STUDY DESIGN:Northern blotting, metabolic labeling, and fluorography were used to assess glycodelin messe...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0002-9378(00)70333-4
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A retrospective study of 56 patients treated for carcinoma in situ of the vulva over a 24-year period has shown a relative increase in the occurrence of this neoplasm. Only 6.7% of patients in the first 14 years of the study period were less than 35 years of age, as compared with 29.3% in the last decade. In the earli...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(84)90669-0
更新日期：1984-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We sought to review the risks of placenta accreta, increta, and percreta, and provide guidance regarding interventions to improve maternal outcomes when abnormal placental implantation occurs. METHODS:Relevant documents were identified through a search of the English-language literature for publications incl...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2010.09.013
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Estrogen receptor-positive cancers that initially respond to hormone therapy often progress to a resistant state. The breast cancer cell line T47Dco is a model for such resistance. It is a polymorphic line, composed of multiple cell populations that demonstrate the presence of mutant estrogen receptors by clo...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0002-9378(11)90590-0
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report a case of persistent gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) in which a selective uterine artery embolization instead of invasive surgery achieved both the control of pelvic hemorrhage and of disease. ...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2006.02.029
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of docosahexaenoic acid supplementation on plasma phospholipid docosahexaenoic acid content and indices of depression and information processing for women who breast-feed. STUDY DESIGN:Mothers who planned to breast-feed their infants were assigned randoml...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1067/mob.2003.275
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reproductive coercion involves behavior that interferes with contraceptive and pregnancy choices of women and occasionally men. This includes birth control sabotage (intentional destruction of a woman's chosen method of contraception), pregnancy pressure (behaviors to coerce pregnancy against one's wishes), and pregna...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2015.08.045
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
